^ 'cK m^sMW ^ o ^ ''cK '^ 1H ^, ,^' \ ^ '-^^ ,<>' '' % ^ mm i ^>^^ ^. /^. -i^ - .','^<='-* '^ ^_^fc"\ >, .V 'O. o>' -xv^ <^" .a .^' 1 % # ^^^^^m 't/^ .^ ^<^ " -- ii. ,<.^ .^^ii^. ^0. ^ ::^^t^. \, ^ .# 4- ^K ^ 'V, o. 'o. ^^ J^ Vn c5^ vO" ::'^^ -JSS' Q, .<> \"- '^y. ^ # l%<^ .c,^^- ■'^0 <^5^ THE RAY SOCIETY. INSTITUTED MDCCCXLIV. This volume is issued to the Subscribers to the Ray Society /o- the Year 1865. LONDON MDCCCLXV. BRITISH HEMIPTEEA. VOL. I. HEMIPTERA-HETEROPTERA. JOHN WILLIAM DOUGLAS, AKD JOHN SCOTT. LONDON: PUBLISHED FOE TPIE EAY SOCIETY BY ROBERT HARDWICKE, 192, PICCADILLY. MDCCCLXV. J. K. A.UJ.AUD, fKlNTER BA.BTUOLOU£W CLOSIC. PREFACE. The object of the present volume is to farnisli Britisli entomo- logists with descriptions of the indigenous Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Hitherto only a few species have been described or figured by British authors, and to the consequent difliculty of naming their captures may probably be attributed the indifierence with which this order of insects has been regarded by British collectors. The collections are few and imperfect, and either only in part or incor- rectly named, the national collection in the British Museum being no exception. On the Continent, on the contrary, the order has received great attention from eminent authors, and we have had to refer to their works for information ; the latest, and those to which we are most indebted, being by Fieber and Elor. Pieber's • Europaischen Hemiptera,' published in 1861, con- taining descriptions of all the European species, is the condensed result of a lifetime of observation, and will ever remain a monu- ment of methodised labour and the genius of tlie author. We fear, nevertheless, that the exigencies of the "Analytic Method" adopted have often led the author to exaggerate the importance of specific difi'erences, and to create unnecessary genera. Erom some of his conclusions in this respect we have been compelled to dissent, and frequently, where we have adopted his genera, it has been rather from an intense dislike to add to the overburdened nomenclature by making new generic names for combinations of his genera, than from the conviction that they are necessary divisions. On the other hand, VI PREFACE. it may be that tlie discovery of many new and allied species would show that his prescience had, in some instances, seized upon the requisite generic characters. rior's ' Eliynchoten Livlands,' published in 1860, is worked out in a masterly manner and with a philosophic conception, but from a different point of view to Fieber's work. Having more limited materials to deal with, the author has given more full and me- thodical descriptions ; he has aimed at making as few genera as possible, and has, consequently, placed generic value so high that he has had to employ sub-genera, a device which, to say the least, is very cumbrous. To Flor belongs the credit of applying to the purpose of classification throughout the order the characters afforded by the structure of the abdomen, especially of the " genital segments." The materials for the present work have been collected by us in the southern counties, chiefly in the vicinity of London, during four or five years of almost undivided attention to the order, and we are also indebted to the liberality of a few friends for species from a distance. "When Hemiptera shall be collected over a larger area, ■with the assiduity devoted to Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, there cannot fail to be a large addition to the number of our known species. The plan of the work is, first, the separation into Divisions and Subdivisions (pp. 10, 11). The Subdivisions are assorted into Sec- tions, and these again into Families, comprising the leading points of the genera therein denoted (pp. 11 — 50). Then follow the Genera and Species (pp. -51 — 617) ; the Section and Family to which they belong being indicated by the heading of the pages. All the descriptions (with the very few exceptions mentioned in loco) have been made from actual specimens. The synonymy has been ren- dered as full as is consistent with accuracy, the preference always given to the oldest name, and doubtful citations and references to mere lists omitted. The localities given are those of which we are certain, but many of the species doubtless exist elsewhere. The PREFACE. Vli terms " common," " rare," &c., have reference chiefly to the southern counties of England. The time of appearance is given where it is known. The list of "Eeputed British Species" contains the names of such as have been quoted as indigenous by various authors, but of which we have seen no authentic examples. Some of the species may possibly hereafter prove to be British, but the names of others appear to have been introduced in error. Our best thanks are given to Dr. Fieber for the invaluable assistance he has rendered in the determination of doubtful species, and for the great courtesy and readiness with which he has devoted much time and trouble to the difficult points submitted to him. We also express our obligations and return thanks to all those gentlemen who have assisted us by the loan of books and the loan and gift of specimens, for without their help this work could not have been accomplished. "We shall be rewarded for our labour if we find that it induces collectors to acquire and study the neglected British Hemiptera. The plates illustrating the general structure and the genera have been engraved by Mr. E. W. Eobinson, in his usual artistic style, and require no commendation. We hope hereafter to produce a volume on the British Hemip- tera-Homoptera. Lee ; June 23rd, 1865. EXPLANATION OP THE ABBREVIATIONS USED. Ahrens, Fauu. lus. Eur. — Ahrens, Fauna lusectorum Europse. Am. et Serv., Hem. — Amyot et Serville, Hemipteres. B'irens, Berl. Ent. Zeits. — Bdrensprung, in Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift. Bohem. Gott. Ins. Fauna. — Boheman, Gottlaucl's Insecta Fauna, in Kongl. Vetenskaps -Academiens Handlingar."' „ Nya Svenska, or Vet. Akad. Forh. — Boheman, Nya Svenska Hemiptera, in Oefversigt af Kougl. Veteuskaps-Academiens Forhandlingar. Blanch., Hist. Nat. — Blanchard, Histoire naturelle des lusectes. Burtn., Handb. — Burmeister, Handbuch der Eutomologie. Bur., Ent. Trans. — Burrell, in the Entomological Transactions. Coqb., 111. — Coquebert, lUustrata Iconograpbica Insectorum. Costa, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. — A. Costa, in Annales de la Societe entomologique de France. „ Atti. — Costa, Atti del Reale institute d'incorrag. alle Sc. nat. di Napoli. „ Cent. — Costa, Cimicum Regui Neapolitani Centurise. „ Corr. Zool. — Costa, Correspondenza Zoologica. Curt., B. E. — Curtis, British Entomology. „ Ent. Mag. — Curtis, in Entomological Magazine. „ Trans. Ent. Soc. — Curtis, in Transactions of the Entomological Society of London. Dahlb., Vet. Akad. Handl. — Dahlbom, in Vetenskaps-Akademieus Handlingar. Ball., Cat. Hem. — Dallas, Catalogue of Hemiptera in the British Museum. „ Trans. Ent. Soc. — Dallas, in Transactions of the entomological Society of London. De Q., Mem. — De Geer, Memoires pour servir a rhistoire des Insectes. Dohrn, Stett. Ent. Zeit. — A. Dohrn, ia Stettiner entomologische Zeitung. Don., Brit. Ins. — Donovan, British Insects. Dotig. Sf Scott, Ent. Ann. — Douglas and Scott, in the Entomologists' Annual. X EXPLANATION OF THE ABBREVIATIONS USED. Fab., E. S. — Fabricius, Entomologia Systematica. „ Mantiss. — Fabricius, Mantissa Insectorum. „ Sp. Ins. — Fabricius, Species Insectorum. „ S. R. — Fabricius, Systema Rhyngotorum. Fall., Mon. Cim. — Fallen, Monographia Cimicum. ,, Hem. Suec. — Fallen, Hemiptera Suecica. Fieb., V\'"eit. Beitr. — Fieber, in Wcitenweber Beitvage zu Nat. uud Heilkunde. „ Ent. Mon. — Fieber, Entomologische Monographien. „ Europ. Hem. — Fieber, Europaischeu Hemiptera. „ Gen. Hydroc. — Fieber, Genera Hydrocoridum. „ Rhyn. — Fieber, Rhyncotograpliien. „ Spec. Coris. — Fieber, Species Corisarum. „ Syn. Coris. — Fieber, Synopse der europ. Arten Corisa, in Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou. „ Wieu. Ent. Monats. — Fieber, in Wiener entomologisclie Jlonatsschrift. Flor, Rbyn. Liv. — Flor, Rhynchoten Livlands. Fuss, Mitth. d. Ver. Herni. — Ftiss, Mittlieilungen der Verein zu Herraannstadt. Geoffr. Ins. — Geoffro'j, E. L., Histoire des Insectes. Germ., Zeits. — Germar's Zeitschrift fiir Entomologie. „ Faun. Ins. Eur., or E. E. — Germar and Ahrens, Fauna Insectorum Europae. „ Reis. Dalm. — Germar^ Reise in Dalmatien. Gorslci, Anal. — GorsM, Analecta ad entomographiani provinciarum Imperii Russici. Guer. Ic. — Guerin Mneville, Icoues du Regne animal de Cuvier. Hahn, Icon. — Hahn, Icones ad monographiam Cimicum. „ Wanz. — Hahn, Wanzeninsecten. Halid., N. Hist. Rev. — Ualiday, in the Natural History Review. Harris, Exp. Eng. Ins. — Harris, Exposition of English Insects. H. Schf., Nora. Ent. — Herrich-Schaff'er, Nomeuclator Eatomologicus. „ Panz F. G. — Herrich • Schdffer's continuation of Panzer's Fauna Germanica. „ Wanz. — Herrich-Schaffer'' s continuation of Hahn's Wanzeninsecten. Jenyns, An. N. H. — Jenyns, in Annals of Natural History. Kirschb., Caps. — Kirschbaicm, Rhynchoten der Gegend von Wiesbaden. Kolen., Mel. YivX.—Koleyiali, Meletemata Entomologica. Kilst., Stett. Ent. Zeit. — Kiister, in Stettiner entomologische Zeitung. Lam., Hist. Nat. — Lamarck, Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres. Lap., Hem. — Laporte, Essai d'une classification systematique de I'ordre Hemipteres. Lat., Gen. — Lalreille, Genera Crustaceorum et Insectorum. „ Hist. — Latreille, Histoire naturelle des Crustaces et Insectes. EXPLANATION OF THE ABBREVIATIONS USED. Xi L. Buf., Rech. — Leon Dufour, Recherches sur les Hemipteres. Leach, Trans. Lia. Soc. — Leach, iu Transactions of the Linnean Society. Le P. et Sere, Euc. — Le Pelletier et Serville, Encyclopedia Metliodique. Lin., E. S. — Linne, Eauna Suecica. „ S. N. — Linne, Systema Naturte. Market, Germ. Zeits. — Mdrkel, in Germar's Zeitsciirift. Meyer, Caps. — Meyer Diir, Verzeicbniss der Scliweizer Rhynchoten, Capsini. „ Stett. Ent. Zeit. — Meyer Bur, in Stettiner entomologisclie Zeitung. Muls., An. Soc. Lin. — Mulsant, in Annales de la Societe Linneenue de Lyou. Netom., Ent. Mag. — Newman, iu Entomological Magazine. Oliv., Enc. — Olivier, in Encyclopedic Methodique. Panz., F. G. — Panzer, Fauna Germanica. Perris, An. Soc. Lin. — Perris, m Anuales de la Societe Linneenne de Lyons. Ramb., Faun. And. — Rambnr, Fauna Andalusise. Rossi, F. E. — Rossi, Fauna Etrusca. SchelL, Gesclil. — Schellenberg, Helvetisches Wanzengeschlect. Say, Amer. Ent. — Say, American Entomology, Sahib., Geoc. Fen. — Sahlberg, Geocorisa Fennica. Schill.., Arb. u. Verand. — Schilling, iu Arbeiteu und Veranderungen der Schlesischeu Gesellschaft fiir vaterlaudische Cultur. „ Beitr. — Schilling, Beitrage zur Entomologie. Scholtz, Arb. u. Verand. — SchoUz, in Arbeiteu uud Veranderungen der schles Gesellschaft fiir vaterl. Cultur. Schrk., Enum. Ins. Aust. — Schrank, Euumeratio Insectorum Austriae indige- norum. „ F. B. — Schrank, Fauna Boica. Schum., Beitr. — Schummel, in Beitrage zur Entomologie besonders in Bezug auf Schlesien. Scop., Ent. Carn. — Scopoli, Entomologica Carniolica. Scott, Ent. Ann. — Scott, in the Entomologists' Annual. Sign., Ann. Soc. Ent. France. — Signoret, in Annales de la Societe entomolo- gique de France. Spin., Hem. — Spinola, Essai sur les insectes Hemipteres. Stal, Vet. Akad. YQ\:\\.—Slal, in Oefversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Eorhandliugar. Stein, Berl. Ent. Zeits. — Stein, Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift. Tillers, L. ^. — Tillers, Linneei Eutomologia. Walleng., Oefv. — Wallengren, in Oefversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akade- miens Forhandlingar. Xll EXPLANATION OF THE ABBREVIATIONS USED. Westw., All. Soc. Ent. France. — Wedwood^ in Auiiales de la Societe entomolo- gique de France. ,, Int. Mod. Classif. — Westioood, Introduction to the Modern Classifi- cation of Insects. „ Mag. Nat. Hist. — Westwood, in the Magazine of Natural History. White, Mag. Nat. Hist. — A. White, in the Magazine of Natural History. Wolff, Ic. Cim. — Wolff, Icones Cimicum. Zett., Act. Holm. — Zetterstedt, Acta Holmiae. „ Faun. Ins. Lap. — Zetterstedt, Fauna Insectorum Lapponica. „ Ins. Lap. — Zetterstedt, lusecta Lftpponica. ^— Male. ?— Female. INTRODUCTION. STEUCTUEB. In the insects composing the Sub-order Heteroptera the body consists normally of 13 segments, of which the 1st is the Head ; the 2nd, 3rd, and 4fch are united to form the TJiorax ; and the remaining 9 are joined together to form the Abdomen. In the latter portion some of tlie segments often become so amalgamated with or covered by others as not to be distinguishable. The following concise account of the principal parts of the external anatomy is given in explanation of the terms used in the descriptions of the insects ; for the minute and internal anatomy and the physiology, which do not come within the scope of this book, we must refer to the works of Kirby and Spence, Leon-Dufour, Burmeister, Amyot and Serville, Kolenati, Fieber, Flor, &c. The Head. — On the upper surface of the head the portion before the eyes is the Face, and the posterior portion is the Croicn. The Face is divided by two longitudinal lines (sometimes deeply im- pressed) into three parts or lobes, which vary in their relative pro- portions ; sometimes the Crown is distinctly produced in front over the face, and this prolongation is the Clypeus. On the crown are 2 simple Ocelli (sometimes wanting). On the side-margins of the head are 2 immovable, compound Eyes. Before the eyes, sometimes 7' •^ INTRODUCTION. on the lower surface of the liead, are inserted 2 Antennae of 3, -i, or 5 joints. The under side of the head ia the Gttla, the sides, ante- riorly, are the Cheeks {gence). In front of the head beneath is inserted the exterior suctorial mouth called the Sostrum ; it is an extension of the labium, consisting of 3 or 4 joints ; the sides are curved upwards, and are united at the edges to form a sheath ; at the base, on the upper side, the lahrum is more or less produced, and closely appressed. Inside lie the representatives of the mandibles and maxillae, in the form of 4 setse ; the maxillary and labial palpi are obsolete. The junction of the rostrum with the head is more or less flexible, and so permits the extension of the organ when in use, or its retraction under the body when in repose. The TJiorax. — Of the three thoracic segments the 1st is the Protliorax, of which the upper side is developed into the large plate adjoining the head, called the Pronotum. The lower side, to which is attached the 1st pair of legs, is the Frosternum. The 2nd segment is the Mesothorax : the upper side is the Mesonotum, de- veloped posteriorly into the triangular plate which lies between the elytra, or sometimes covers them, called the Seidell um ; to the lower side, or Mesosternum, is attached the second pair of legs ; and to the sides are attached the Elijtra. The 3rd segment is the Metathorax ; the upper side or Metanotum is very short ; the lower side {Meta- sternum) is longer, and bears the 3rd pair of legs ; here also, on each side, anteriorly, near the coxa, is the orifice of the internal sac, con- taining the matter which gives to so many of the Hemiptera their disagreeable odour. To the sides of this segment are attached the Wings. The under side of the 3 thoracic segments, taken together, is called the Sternum. The prolongation of the middle of the posterior margin of the segments of tlie sternum is the Xyphus. The Elytra or wing-covers {Ilemielytra of authors) are usually of two different textures, the basal part being of a firm or leathery con- sistence, and the apical part delicate and membranous. Each elytron, taken as a whole, has its base, anterior (or outer), inner, and posterior margins, its surface being the disk, and the relative parts of eacli subdivision of the elytron, have the same appellations. The basal INTRODUCTION. o portion is composed of 2 pieces joined together at their sides ; one narrow, adjoining tlie ScufeUum, is distinguished as the Clavus ; the other, broad, as the Corhm. In 2 sections {Capsina and Antliocorimi) the Cormm is prolonged into a trianguhar piece (Cimeus), which is at once joined to and separated from the Corhini by a flexible suture. The junction of the Corium and Claims is the Claval suture, and the junction of the Corkim and Membrane is the Memhrane-suture. The apical portion of the elytron is the Memlrane, the inner portion of which on one elytron overlaps the corresponding portion on the other elytron when the insect is in repose. Botli Corium and Membrane are furnished with nerves.* In the Corium are at least 2 principal longitudinal nerves, and sometimes 1 within the anterior margin separates a narrow portion, forming tlie Emholium. In the Membrane the number and position of the nerves vary greatly, often even in closely allied genera. In some cases the nerves become obsolete, sometimes the Membrane is wholly or partly wanting, and, more rarely, the Clavus or Corium is but partially developed. The Wings are of a delicate membranous structure, furnished with nerves, and fold up under the Elytra when in repose. In some cases the Wings are not developed. The Legs differ much in the several Sections, with respect to length, breadth, and form ; but they are always composed of 5 parts articulated together — the basal piece or Coxa, the Fulcrum, the Thigh, the Tibia, and the Tarsus. The latter consists at most of 3 joints, the terminal one being furnished with 1 or 2 claws, between which are often 2 small membranous appendages or Pulvilli. The Abdomen. — Flor, in hia * Rhynchoten Livlands ' has laid much stress on the structure of the abdomen as affording characters for classification, describing it with great detail, and we cannot do better than transfer the following portion of his description to our pages. * Called also veins, nervures and ribs, by various authors. None of these terms are correct, iu the sense iu which they are used in the anatomy of the higher animals, but as Flor well observes, no one thinks in their application to insects, of their primitive meaning. 4- INTRODUCTION. " The abdomen of the Bhynchota, in its greatest development, con- sists of nine segments placed one after another, of which only the first 6 are proper abdominal segments, the last 3 (of which the 1st and 2nd are often entirely wanting) differ in form, more or less, from the others and subserve the functions of the sexual organs. In every ease, therefore, for the sake of analogy, I call only the first six, Ah- chmi7ial-segments, and the following ones, Genital-segments. In the male in some families (Anthocoridce, Capsina,) we find, apparently, seven abdominal segments, as the first genital segment retains entirely the form of an abdominal segmenfc. In the female of the LygcEodcE, some of the Coreodce (Coreus, Pseudophloeiis, Syrotnastes), and Aradus, the 6th abdominal segment on the underside participates in the sexual functions, in like manner as the following genital seg- ments ; thus in the middle it is sometimes entire, sometimes cleft almost up to the anterior margin, in such a manner that the edges of the cleft touch or overlap each other. Often in the female, mostly in those instances where the ovipositor is largely developed, the last 3 abdominal segments (in the Lygceodce the fourth and fifth) are broadly raised up and in the middle concealed under the foregoing segments, so that they can only be distinguished at the sides. In the male on the contrary the last 3 abdominal segments, in the middle, on the underside, are not hidden under the foregoing segments, but are visible. In counting the abdominal segments, we must observe, that viewed from beneath (in $ and ?) it is generally, nearly, or quite im- possible to see the first of them, since it is shorter than the other segments, and partly concealed, the front being covered by the posterior margin of the metasternum and the hinder coxae, and the hinder side anchylosed with the second segment. Nevertheless, in such cases, when the wings are removed, the separateness of the segment is always clearly perceptible on the upper side, so that we can count six abdominal segments on the upper side and only five beneath. Consequently in the male there are all the six abdominal segments, and in the female always the first five at least, and mostly also the sixth, exclusive of the genital segments. "Following the abdominal are the genital segments, in their INTRODUCTION. O greatest development three in number. On the upper side they are either invisible, or at most one or two (and then always the last one or two) can be seen ; generally also on the underside only one or two are visible. In form they are sometimes very like the last abdominal segment, (occasionally the first genital segment is exactly similar as in the before-mentioned Families, Capsina, Anthocoridce, &c.), and they then appear as half or entire segments ; but sometimes they are very dissimilar, and then they appear as distinct plates, but only visible on the underside." The lateral margin of the abdominal segments is much developed in several sections, and forms a flat, reflexed or vertical border to the abdomen which is called the Connexivum. The Stigmata, or apertures by which air is admitted into the body, are situated below the margins on each side of the under surface of the body, viz., 1 between the pro- and mesosternum, 1 between the meso- and metasternum, and 1 on each of the 6 abdominal segments. There is also often a pair on the 2nd genital segment in the 2, or on the 1st genital segment in the $ , where it assumes the form of an abdominal segment. In JVepa the stigmata are wanting on all the segments except the last. NATUEAL HISTORY. It is probably in consequence of the fact that the Hemiptera- Heteroptera are in all stages of their existence active and suctorial, and the consequent difficulty of supplying them, in confinement, with fresh, appropriate food, that but few observations upon their natural history have been made or recorded. There is a gradual de- velopment of the creature after it leaves the egg, not only in size but in the perfection of its organs. The larva resembles the imago and is said to cast its skin 3 times before it reaches the pupa state ; then the insect is still more like the imago, but some of its parts, such as the ocelli, wings and claws are either rudimentary, or are barely in- dicated, and only become perfected after the last moult. But 6 INTRODUCTION. whether each species casts its skin the same number of times ; how long the individuals of each species remain as larva, pupa, or imago ; what species have more than 1 brood in a year, and what constitutes the food of each species, are matters that, in the great majority of instances, remain to be determined. There is therefore a wide fiekl for research in the natural history of this sub-order of insects. COLLECTING. The perfect insects are chiefly to be found during the summer ; but some (mostly tliose which hybernate) may be taken in autumn, winter, and spring : many species are very local. In summer some inhabit trees, bushes, or herbaceous plants, feeding on their sap or on other insects ; these may be captured by beating the branches over a large net or umbrella, or by sweeping with the sweeping net. Many species are to be found on the ground under the leaves or about the stents of various plants, especially in sandy places, each species being usually attached to a particular kind of plant. A few species live under the bark of dead trees and timber. Some species are attached to the margins of ponds and rivers, and to the sea-shore ; some live in water, or glide along its surface, requiring the water net for their capture. As a general rule the instruments of capture used by the Coleopterist will be those wanted by the Hemipterist. Many species are very active, both with their legs and wings, and must be secured directly they are in the net. After trying several methods of doing this, we have found the following to be the best. Take a glass phial about three inches long and having a wide mouth ; into this put a cork, through the centre of which fit a large quiU, in such a manner that one end of it, cut off straight, projects a little beyond the cork inside the phial, the other end, cut obliquely and fitted with a wooden stopper, projecting 1 J inch on the outsid^. Into the phial put quickly a single young laurel leaf cut previously into line shreds, on the top of these place tightly a piece of unsized paper (that imported with tea is the best) and then fill up the bottle INTRODUCTION. 7 loosely witb 2 or 3 pieces of the same kind of paper, taking care that the paper touches the glass all round. The hydrocyanic acid from the laurel renders the insects motionless immediately, the paper absorbs any excess of moisture and remains damp, and the insects lie unhurt among its folds, but they should be set out within a day or two. The insects, being for the most part of delicate and fragile structure, should never be touched by the fingers ; the greater number will pass readily through the quill when it is placed above them, or the cork may be withdrawn and the mouth of the phial placed over those of large size. The advantage of not touching with the hand will also be found in the case of those species that give out a disagreeable odour ; this odour, we may remark by the way, disap- pears after death. In the autumn, winter, and spring Uemiptera may be found about the roots of plants, in tufts of grass, and in moss, among dead leaves and the debris of hay ricks and corn-stacks, and in field rubbish. These may be brought home in the collecting-bottle among paper without laurel ; and may be killed like Coleoptera by being plunged into hot (not boiling) water. PEESEEVING. The best method of preserving Hemvptera is to fix them on stout card by means of gum tragacanth reduced to the consistence of paste by means either of dilute acetic acid, or of water in which a little oxalic acid or corrosive sublimate has been dissolved. Turn the insects out of the phial onto a piece of white blotting paper, sort them into species, lay the specimens on their backs, if requisite put out their legs and antennae with a camel's hair brush, and then turn them over. Cut the card into strips wider than the length of the insects, pin one strip to a piece of thin cork and cover rather thickly with the gum as much space as will suffice for one insect, lift the specimen by means of a wetted brush on to the gummed card, and place its legs and antenna? quicJchj into their natural position, taking care not 8 INTRODUCTION. to force tliem, and to lift the antennse from the base. Tlie whole under surface of the insect including the legs and antennas should rest upon the card, for if it do not, some parts will soon get broken oif. The insects should be arranged side by side, $ and $, and an example of each sex exhibited with the under side turned up. The specimens may be afterwards separated by cutting through the card with sharp scissors, or they may remain together ; but in any case the card should be marked on the under side with the locality and date of capture. Care should be taken to preserve the specimens from the attacks of mites, which are especially fond of them whilst drying, often devouring the antennse in a single night : a piece of camphor kept in the drying box will accomplish this. Not till the insects are quite dry should they be placed in the cabinet, and if they then become greasy, they may be restored to their beauty by immersion in benzine. BRITISH HEMIPTERA. Order -HEMIPTERA, un., zett. Rhyngota, Fab. Rhynchota, Burin., Flor, Fieb. Sub-Order l.-HEMIPTERA-HETEROPTERA, Lat. Heraiptera-Frontirostria, Zeft. Rhyncliota-Frontirostria, Flor. Rhynchota-Heteroptera, Fieb. Heteroptera, Westw. Wiiigs 4, the anterior pair posteriorly overlapping each other, the basal portion coriaceous, the apical (sometimes wanting) membranous ; ^posterior wings (sometimes want- ing) membranous. Antenna 3 to 5-jointed. Mouth suctorial, consisting of a rostrum of from 3 to 4 joints, containing within it 4 setae, and inserted at the an- terior and inferior portion of the head. Metamorphosis incomplete. Div. l.-GYMNOCERATA. 2. -CRYPTOCERATA. 10 HEMIPTERA-HETEUOPTERA. Siib-Order 2.-HEMIPTERA-H0M0PTERA, Led* liemiptera-GulEErostria, Zett. Rhyncliota-Giilserostria, Mor. Rhynchota-Homoptera, Fieb. Homoptera, McLeay, Westw. Cicadaria, Fieh. Wings 4 (sometimes wanting), all membranous, the anterior pair not overlapping each other. AntenncB generally short, and setiform. Mouth suctorial (rarely wanting), consisting of a rostrum of 3 or 4 joints, containing within it 4 setae, and inserted at the posterior and inferior portion of the head. Metamorphosis incomplete . Sub Order 1.-HEMIPTERA HETEROPTERA, Lat. Div. 1. — GYMNOCERATA, Fieb.,Flor. Cimex, Li?i. Cimicides, Fall., Zett., Lat. Geocorisae, Lat., Am. et Serv. Geocores, Burm. Aurocorisa, Westw, Antennre 3 — 4-jointed, mostly inserted on the upper side of the head, or 5-jointed when inserted on the under side. Legs pedestrial, cursorial, or saltatorial, not natatorial. Sub-Div. 1. — Geodromica, Fleh., Flor. Geocores, And. Elytra formed of several pieces joined together, or reticulated. Claws inserted at the end of the last joint of the tarsi. * Not included in this volume. SCUTATINA. 11 Sub.-Div. 2. — Hydrodromica, Fieh., Flor. Amphibicorisse, Lat., ~Duf. Elytra formed of one piece. Legs formed for running or leaping on the surface of water. Claws inserted lefore the end of the last joint of the tarsi (except in the genus Limnobates) . Div. 2.— CRYPTOCERATA, Fieb., Flor. Hydrocorides and Naucorides, Fall. Hydrocorisa, Lat., Zett., Westw. Antennae 3 — 4-jointed, very short, and concealed in cavities be- neath the eyes. Legs natatorial. Sub-Div. 1. — LiTORALiA, Fieh. Ocelli 2. Eostrura 4-jointed. Autennee 4-joiuted, simple. Tarsi 3-joiuted. (Wanting in Britain.) Sub-Div. 2. — Aquatilia, Fieb. Ocelli 0. AntennoB 3 — 4-joiuted, simple, or with a side process on the middle joint. Tarsi 1 — 3-jointed, differing on 2 or 3 pairs of less. Div. 1.-GYMN0CERATA. Sub-Div. 1. — Geodromica. Section \.— SCUTATINA. Scutati, Burin. Scutata, Ball., Flor. Longiscuti, Am. et Serv. Scutelleridae, Westio. Cydnidae, TetyrEe, Macropeltidae, Fieb. Structure robust, convex. Head more or less deflected ; lateral margins sharply defined. Rostrum 4-jointed, base in a channel on the under side of the head ; lahrum long, narrow, transversely wrinkled. Antennce 3 — 5-joiuted (in British species always 5- 13 SCUTATINA. jointed), inserted on a tubercle below the margin of the head, and which is rarely visible from above ; first, fourth, and fifth joints more or less distinctly petiolated. Ocelli 2, seldom wanting. 'Prono- tum large, quadrangular or hexagonal.* In the memhrane of the elytra mostly more than five nerves. Tarsi 2 — 3-jointed ; between the two claws on the last joint two membranous lobes or pulvilli. Abdomen. — lu both sexes the six abdominal segments are always visible, and none of them take the form of genital segments. On the under side the posterior margin of eacli segment is more or less concave, the sixth being still more cut out, roundly or somewhat squarely, for the re- ception of the genital segments. Genital segments. — In the 5^ , as a rule, only the third segment is visible; it is usually convex, channeled, and rounded posteriorly; or it has only a slight depression ; or there is a wide opening, with strong processes. In the $ , on the upper side, the third segment is visible, more rarely the posterior margin of the second. On the under side the first segment appears as two triangular plates, with their inner margins shut close together ; the second segment appears as two small, triangular plates, whose inner angles are distant from each other ; the third segment as two triangular or irregularly oblong plates, which lie behind the first plate and go up between the first and second, either touching each other on their inner angles or sides or lying wide apart ; the other plates sometimes visible in the centre belong to the anal or genital organs. Family 1.— CYDNIDtE. Head small, short, rounded. Nostrum reaching to the middle coxae, rostral channel short. Antennce short or moderate. Eyes small, not prominent. Pronotum quadrangular, transverse. Scit- tellum triangular, long, the apex depressed. Prosternum with a rostral channel. Ifesosfernum with a slight keel. Leys strong; tibics with strong spines in rows ; tarsi trimerous. Abdomen.- — Genital segments .- in the $ the plates of the first are not ridged at their junction in the centre, and the parallel inner margins of the triangular plates of the third segment do not meet. Gen. 1, Sehirus. * These and other terms indicative of form are only approximative, none of the figures being mathematically regular. In the hexagonal form of pronotum the part adjoining the head is the anterior margin ; joined to this are the diver- gent sides; from the lower end of these proceed the convergent hinder sides, the sixth side being formed by the posterior margin. SCUTATINA. 13 Family 2.— ODONTOSCELID^. Head broad, short, rounded. Rostrum reaching to the second or third pair of coxre ; rostral channel narrow in front, oval behind. Antennce short. Hyes small, subreniform, or moderate and rounded. Pronotum quadrangular, transverse, or nearly 6-sided. Smitellum as long or nearly as long as the abdomen, and nearly as broad. Prosternum with a deep rostral channel, which is sometimes con- tinued on the meso- and metasternum, and recurved, forming a channel for the antennae when at rest. Legs short, strong ; tihicB with fine, short spines ; tarsi trimerous. Abdomen. — Genital segments as in the Family CydnidcB, except that in the ?, the junction of the plates of the first segment is ridged. Gen. 1, CorimelcBna. In the 9 the angles of the first and second segments meet, and the plates of the third segment press close together, closing the anal aperture. Gen. 2, Odontoscelis. Family 3.— SCIOCORIDtE. 'Head semi-ovate, broad, flat, the sides thin. Rostrum long, slender, wide beyond the base ; rostral channel a little produced on the sides. Antennce rather short, slender. Eyes small, rounded, prominent. Pronotum quadrangular, transverse, the sides produced, foliaceous. Scutellum more than half the length of the abdomen, broad at the base ; apex narrower, but broadly rounded. Sternum with a rostral channel. Legs short, strong ; tihice with the outer side flat, the margins dentate ; tarsi trimerous. Abdomen. — Connexivum broad, horizontal. Genital segments : in the ^ the single segment is convex, with an oblique ridge at the sides ; in the 9, as in the Family FentatomidcE, with this difference, that the plates of the third segment are very small and short, are far removed from each other, and do not reach the posterior margin of the second segment. Gen. 1, Sciocoris. Family 4.— EURYGASTRID^F. _H(9«<^ triangular, rounded in front, broad, convex. Rostrum reaching to the third pair of coxae ; rostral channel hindwardly very wide, witli the sides produced. Antennce very slender. Eyes small, triangular. Pronotum very convex, hexagonal ; hinder sides short, hinder angles 14 SCUTATINA. much rounded. Scutellum convex, as long as the abdomen and nearly as broad, the sides parallel, the end broadly rounded. >S^;'er- iium with a deep rostral channel : Frosternum in front divided and produced on each side of the rostrum into a rounded, recurved plate, which projects beyond the head, forming a channel for tlie antennae when at rest. Legs short, strong; t'lbim angulated, the upper margins dentate ; tarsi trimerous. Abdomen. — Connexivum broad, rounded. Genital segments: in the $ the single segment, beneath, is oblique and somewhat concave ; in the $ the segments are like those in the genus Acmithosoma, i. e., the first and second, long and transverse, lie above each other ; the third is narrow in the middle, wide at the sides, with the posterior margin slightly notched, thence gradually diverging on each side to the posterior angle which is obtuse. Gen. 1, Eurygaster. Family 5.— ^LIIDtE. Head elongate, curved. Rostrum long, thin ; rostral channel deep, wide in front, sides much produced. Antennce slender ; tubercle small, pointing obliquely inwards. Eyes small, but prominent. Pro- notmn hexangular ; hinder sides short, much rounded. Corium with the posterior margin rounded. Sternum with a rostral cliannel : Frosternum divided in the centre, the anterior margin of each half produced into a thin plate, projecting beyond the base of the head, forming a channel for the antenna) when at rest. Tihice outwardly flattened ; tarsi trimerous. Abdomen. — Connexivum narrow. Genital segments : in the $ almost vertical, in tlie centre convex, sides concave, posterior margin deeply or slightly notched ; in the ? the first segment wide but short, convex ; the posterior margins sinuate on each side ; the second segment appears as two widely parted, long, narrow, obtuse lobes, reaching to the end of the abdomen; the third segment forms on each side of tlie second, a sub- triangular, convex plate. Gen. 1, AElia ; 2, Jillodes. Family 0.— PODOPID/E. Head small, subquadrangular. Rostrum long, slender; rostral channel with the sides produced. Antennce short, the outer side of the tubercle produced into a short, obtuse S])ine. Eyes large, very prominent. Pronotwn hexagonal, at the anterior angles a large pro- cess, hinder angles dentate. Scuiellmn nearly as long as the abdo- SCUTATINA. . 15 men, very wide throughout, sides parallel, end broadly rounded. Sternum without rostral chanuel, only widely depressed in the centre. Legs short ; tihiw : first pair angulated ; tarsi trimerous. Abdomen. — Connexicum narrow. Genital segments : in the $ , the fii'st, segment vertical, hiudwardly, at each side, with a broad, sinuate process, projecting beyond the base, curving inwardly, but not meeting in tlic centre. In the 9, the first segment is short ; the second forms two long, widely separated, triangular plates; the third is triangular, filling the space between the plates of the second segment, and hindwardly projecting beyond them, the posterior margin rounded. Gen. 1. Fodops. Family 7.— PENTATOMIDtE. Head quadrangular, semi-elliptic, or sub trapezoidal. Rostrum reaching at least to the second pair of coxse, generally slender, sometimes stout at the base ; rostral channel shallow. Antennce slender, short or long. Pronotum hexangular, hinder angles some- times much produced. Scutellum subtriangular, broad, generally constricted beyond the middle. Sternum without, or only with a shallow, rostral channel: llesosternum mostly with a slight keel. Legs unarmed ; tibice generally with the margins of the upper side reflexed, forming a channel ; tarsi trimerous. Abdomen. — Genital segments : in the $ the single segment on the pos- terior margin is either straight or notched in the centre, so tiiat the angles are somewhat pointed. In the $, the first segment is generally convex ; the second appears under its posterior margin ; the plates of the third segment are long and divided, the obtuse points generally projecting a little beyond the abdomen. Gen. 1, Ej/sarcoris ; 2, Pentatoma ; 3, StracJiia. Family 8— ASOPIDJE. Head sub quadrangular. Rostrum reaching to or beyond the second pair of coxae, stout, the base very broad ; rostral channel short and shallow. An.tenncB slender ; tubercle short, inserted before the eyes. Eges moderate, or large and prominent. Pronotum hexagonal, fre- quently much produced at the hinder angles. Scutellum triangular, sides sinuate, apex rounded. Sternum with a slight keel. Legs : fore thighs sometimes, with a spine beneath ; tilncB outwardly flattened, the margins on the upper side (of the fore pair especially) reflexed ; on the under side a fine, acute spine ; tarsi trimerous. Abdomen. — Genital segments as in Pentatoinidte. Gen. 1, Zicrona ; 2, Jalla ; 2>, Bhacognathus ; 4,Asop/is; 5, Picromerus. 16 COREINA. Family 9.— RAPHIGASTRIDiE. Head subquadrate or angulated. Bostrum slender, long, or very- long; rostral channel shallow. Antennae slender, sometimes long. Pronotum hexagonal, the hinder angles sometimes much produced. Scutelliim triangular ; the sides sinuate, constricted beyond the middle ; apex rounded or pointed. Sternum with a very deep, thin keel (sometimes slighter, and on the presternum only). Tihice some- times inwardly, with a fine spine ; sometimes outwardly, ilat, with the margins more or less reflexed ; tarsi 3 or 2-jointed. Abdomen beneath, ou the second segment, with a mucro or a long appressed spine reaching across the sternum. The genital segments vary in the different genera. In Tropicoris and Fiezodorus they follow the same type as in the Pentatomidcb. In Acanthosoma the structure is given under the genus. Gen. 1, Tropicoris ; 2, Piezodoriis ; ?>, Acanthosoma. Section 2.—C0BEINA. Coreodes, p., Burm. Coreodse, Flor. Coreidae, West., p., Meh. Supericornes, p., Am. et Serv. Supericornia, p.. Ball. Structure somewhat robust or elongate. Head with the side mar- gins rounded. Antennae (in the British species always) 4-jointed, inserted far in front of the eyes* at or near the outer anterior angle of the crown. Ocelli 2. Hostrum 4-jointed. Scutellum not reach- ing half the length of the abdomen. Elytra : Corium, the nerves ending in one or two rhomboidal cells on the posterior margin ; Membrane with generally furcate nerves springing from a transverse, basal nerve. Tarsi trimerous, with two lobes between the two claws at the end of the last joint. Abdomen. — The genital segments vary in the different genera. * Amyot and Serville give the point of insertion of the antennae in their Family Supericornes as on or above an ideal line, drawn from the eyes to the origin of the labrum ; while in their Family Infcricornes it is below such a line. COREINA. 17 Family 1.— COREID.E. Head: Crown more or less quadrangular; Face narrow, ofteu greatly deflected, and with the central lobe spinose. Antennce : basal joint often longer than the head, the last joint more or less thickened. Pronotum narrow in front, wide behind, hexanguhir or trapeziform, the hinder angles sometimes greatly raised and produced. Abdomen wide, connexivum broad. Genital segments on the under side, especially in the $,more or less visible. Gen. 1, Syromastes ; 'i,Enoplups; 3, Gonocems; 4, Verlusia ; 5, Co reus ; (S, Sj^athocera ; 7, Fseudophlceus ; 8, Ceralept'us. Family 2.— CORIZIDtE. Head short, broad, posteriorly incrassated, and then constricted before its insertion into the thorax. Aiifennce : basal joint shorter than the head, apical joint long, a little thickened. Fi/es prominent. Pronotum short, trapezoidal. Corium mostly more or less trans- parent. Abdomen. — Genital segments tapevrng, retractile. Gen. 1, T/ierap/ia ; 2, Corizus ; 3, Myrmus. Family 3.— CHOROSOMIDJE. Long, narrow. Head : Crown long, sides parallel ; Face angular, lobes of nearly equal breadth, the central one slightly the longest. Antennae : basal joint long, thick, the rest tapering, the apical joint not being thicker than the third ; second and third in length sub- equal. Pronotum long — trapezoidal. Elytra mucli shorter than the abdomen. Corium transparent. Tarsi : first joint longer than the other two together. Abdomen. — Genital segments tapering, more or less retractile. Geu. 1, Ckorosoma. 18 BERYTINA. Eamily 4.— STENOCEPHALIDiE. Narrow, elliptical. Head: Crown long, narrow, linear; Face, sliort, narrow, triangular. Antennce long, filiform ; second and fourtli joints long, subequal. Eijes small, inserted nearly in the middle of the side of the head. Ocelli very small, approximate, in- serted at the base of the head. Fronotum trapezoidal. Abdomen long, ovate ; iu the ? beneath, the last segment is flattened and with a ridge in the centre. Genital segments in tlie ^ rounded pos- teriorly, in the ? short, the last segment rounded at the sides, the pos- terior margin short and emarginate. Gen. 1, Stenocephalus. Family 5.— ALYDID^. Narrow, long, linear. Head : Grown broad, posteriorly con- stricted ; Face long, triangular, deflected. Antenncs long, slender, almost filiform, the last joint longest. Fyes prominent. Ocelli approximate, placed between the eyes. Legs long, hinder thighs spined beneath ; tay^si, first joint longer than the other two together. Abdomen. — Genital segments short, obtusely pointed posteriorly. Geu. 1, Alydus. Section 'd.— BERYTINA. Berytidse, Fieb., Flor. Coreocles, p., Burm. Coreidse, p., JFestw. Supericornes, p., Am. ef Serv, Supericornia, p., Dallas. Structure elongate, narrow, slender. Antennce 4-jointed, very long, slender, elbowed at the base of the second joint, inserted at the front of the crown. Eyes inserted at the anterior portion of the sides of the head, near the base of the antennae. Ocelli 2. Bostruvi 4-jointed. JLlgtra : CoriwOT, the nerves not furcate at the end ; Mem- Irane with five nerves. Legs long, slender ; thighs clavate ; tihice suddenly bent at the base ; tarsi trimerous. Abdomen narrow at the base. The genital segments differ iu the genera as stated. CCECIGENINA. VJ Family 1.— METACANTHID^. Head short ; Crown not produced in front ; Face vertical. Antennce filiform; first joint very long, at the top short — elavate ; second joint not short ; fourtli joint fusiform. Thorax vertically thick. Proiio- tiim long-trapezoidal, the disk posteriorly globose. Scutellum with a spine or nodule at the base. Elytra : Coriinii diaphanous ; Mem- brane transparent. Ler/s very long and slender. Abdomen. — Genital segments without posterior processes. Geu. 1, Meta- catithus ; 2, Metatropis. Family 2.— BERYTIDJ]]. Head long ; Crown quadrangular, the sides lobe-like, the front pro- duced into a long, vertically deep plate above the face. Antennce : the first joint elavate at the top, the second joint very short, the fourth joint fusiform. Ft/es distant from the base of the head. Pronotum long-trapezoidal, the disk with a central keel. Elytra : Cerium opaque, with large transverse depressions or punctures between the strong nerves. Abdomen. — Genital segments more or less with posterior processes. Gen. 1, Berytus ; 2, Neides. Section 4..—C(ECIGENINA. Coecigena, Am. et Serv., Flor. Astemmites, p., Lap. Lygseodes, p., Biirm. Lygaeides, p., Koleti. Lygseidse, p., Westiv. Pyri'liocoridse, Fleb. Antenna 4-joiuted, inserted below the eye-line. Ocelli 0. Bos- trum 4-jointed, free. Elytra : Ilemlraue with two large cells at the base, whence spring several ramified nerves. Tarsi trimerous. 20 LYCEINA. Family 1.— PYRRHOCORIDtE. Oval. Head from above 5-sided, from the side thick, convex. nostrum reaching to the end of the metasternum ; first joint as long as the head. Pronotum trapeziform. Fore thighs thick, with small spines. Abdomen. — Genital segments in both sexes short ; on the upper side, in the $, only tlie margin of the horizontal portion of the third segment is visible ; in the $ the second and third are visible. On the underside, in the ^, a large portion of the second, and the whole of the third are visible, both very convex, the posterior margin of the third suddenly and broadly horizontal : in the $ nearly all the space beyond the sixth ab- dominal segment is occupied by the first genital segment, which appears as two broad plates closely joined, in the centre of the space, in a deep, wide furrow, the sides being convex ; the posterior margin widely notched ; here the third segment appears in the centre, narrow and concave, with a central ridge, the space at each side being tilled by the small, curved plate of the second segment. Gen. 1, Pp-rhocoris. Section h.—LYGJEINA. Lygoeodes, Burm. Lygoeiclaej Westw. Lygoeodse, Flor, Fieb. Iiifericornes, p., Am. et Serv. Infericornia, p., Dall. Structure more or less stout, of a hard consistence. Antenncs 4-jointed, inserted under (sometimes oti) a line drawn from the eye to the base of the labrum. Ocelli 2. Membrane of the elytra with four or five simple nerves. Tarsi trimerous (except in Zosmoridcs). Abdomen. — The genital segments differ in the Families. Family 1.— RHYPAROCHROMID^. Head convex, triangular in front. Antennce : first and fourth joints generally the thickest, the first shortest, the second usually the LYO.EINA. 21 longest. Pi'onofuin trapezoidal or quadrangular. Sfernum without perceptible rostral channel, the hinder margin of the metasterrmm prolonged, more or less, over the base of the abdomen. Legs strong, the thighs of the first pair mostly incrassated and armed beneath. Abdomen : in the $, the flrst four abdoniiual segiueuts beneath have the posterior margin straight; the fifth segment on the posterior margin angu- larly and deeply cut out in the middle, which appears raised and retracted under the fourth segment ; the sixth segment long, with the posterior margin straiglit. Genital segments. — In the ,J, as a rule, only one is visible beneath, convex and rounded. In the $ the segments are very short ; above, only the 2nd visible ; beneath, on the sides, are the trian- gular plates of the second segment, within them the plates of the third, and in the narrow opening between these the edges of the linear plates of the first segment appear. Gen. 1, Gastrodes ; 2, Plociomerus ; 3, Macro- notiis ; 4, Eremocoris ; 5, Bieuches ; 6, Scolopostethus ; 7, Feritrechus ; ^, Tnipezonottis ; 9, Pionosorims ; 10, Drpnophilus ; 11, Tropistethus ; 12, Khypurochromus ; 13, Rypnophila ; 1^, Fli}itMsus ; \^, Stj/gnocoris ; 16, Acompus ; 17, Ischnodemus. Family 2.— PHYGADICID^. Head, across the eyes wider than the front of the pronotum. An- tennae of nearly equal thickness throughout ; the second joint slightly longest, terminal joint elongate. Eyes large, prominent. Pronofiim long-trapeziform. Scutellum long-triangular. Legs strong, all the thighs stout, the first pair spined beneath ; tarsi long, first joint longest. Membrane of the elytra with two basal cells. Abdomen. — Abdominal segments in the ?, first three straight on the pos- terior margin ; fourth very short in the middle, lengthened angularly at each side ; fifth appears on each side as an angular plate, the middle being hidden under the fourth segment ; sixth greatly deflected, very long in tlie middle, joining the third segment, extending down between the fourth and fifth, and then broadly widened behind them, the centre ridged, the posterior margin straight. Genital segments short ; the first appears as two very short, rounded ends between the last abdominal and the third genital segment ; the second as a small triangular plate at each side ; the third, rounded, and with a furrow in the middle, forms the apex of the body. Gen. 1, Phggadicus ; 2, Ngsius. 22 LYGiEINA. Family 3.— HENESTARID^. Head short, across the eyes wider than the front of the pronotum. Aiitennce : first joint thickest ; second joint slightly the longest ; fourth joint long-fusiform. Ui/es very prominent. Pronotum broad, trapeziform. Scntellum equilaterally triangular. Legs : thighs, first pair not incrassated, unarmed ; tarsi long, first joint longest. Abdomen. — Abdominal segments in the $, the first three straight on the posterior margin ; fourth a little shortened in the middle ; fifth very short in the middle, the sides angular ; sixth long, greatly deflected, ridged in the middle, the posterior margin cut out angularly. Qenital segments : first generally invisible ; second appears as a small triangular plate on each outer side ; third elongate, forming the end of the body. Gen. 1, Ilenestaris. Family 4.--CYMIDiE. Head narrow, scarcely wider across the eyes than the front of the pronotum. Antennce : first joint not much thickened, second and third slender, the second longest ; fourth as thick as the first, ob- tuse, fusiform. ^ye5 not prominent. Pro?20^?wr* trapeziform. Legs: thighs, first pair not incrassated, unarmed ; tarsi, first and third joints in length subequal. Abdomen. — Abdominal segments in the $, the first three straight on the posterior margin ; fourth and fifth very short in the middle, thence sloping obliquely outwards on each side ; sixth forms an oblique plate on each side, equally wide throughout. Genital segments: in the 9 much deflected to the sides ; the first short, barely visible ; the second appears as two angulated plates with their apices in the centre ; the third wide, rounded or pointed. Gen. 1, Chilacis ;* 2, Ischnorhynchus ; 3, Cymus. Family 5.— ZOSMORIDJE. Head broad, short : Face, side lobes much longer than the central lobe, projecting in front of it, curved inwards at the ends and meet- ing, but leaving an open space before the central lobe. Antenncs short ; first and second joints short and stout ; third joint long, slender ; fourth joint clavate. . Eges small, but prominent, the orbit produced * It is doubtful if this genus is rightly placed in the family, but the want of specimens for examination prevents our decision. TINGIDINA. 23 in front into a short, obtuse spine. Ocelli small, distant, inserted close to the anterior margin of the pronotum. Rostrum reaching to the first pair of eoxce, lying in a channel. Pronotum subquadrate, convex, witli 2 or 3 central keels. Scutellmn small. Elijtra : Clavus and Coriuiii subreticulate, with strong nerves ; Membrane subreticulate at the base, with 4 nerves, Sternitm with a central, shallow channel widened and flattened on the metasternum. Legs short, unarmed ; tarsi (apparently) 2-jointed. Abdomen broad at the apex ; beueath, in tlie $ , the first four segments on the posterior margin straight, on tlie fifth concave ; tiie sixth segment in the centre convex, with a rather deep, rounded excision on the pos- terior margin, which is filled in a line with the rest of the segment pos- teriorly, by the single, convex genital segment. In the $ beneath, the first five Abdominal segments are like those of the $ , except that the fifth on its posterior margin is more angularly cut out ; the sixth segment is but slightly convex, is cleft, but not opened in the centre, and the pos- terior margin has in the centre a small notch from which the margin is rounded off on each side. Tlie Genital segments are very siiort, and lie close together in a transverse line. In the middle the two narrow plates of the first segment meet ; on each side next outwardly are the small plates of the third segment, and then the larger plates of the second segment. Gen. 1, Zosmorus. This family, as Flor remarks, forms a perceptible transition between Lygceina and Tingidina, but, by the structure of the abdomen, is more nearly related to the former than to the latter. Section Q.— TINGIDINA. Membranacei, p., Lat., Burnt. Tingides, Am. et Serv. Tingiclae, JFestw. Tingi elites. Lap. Tingididce, Fleb. Tingididea, Flor. Antenna 4-jointed. Ocelli 0. Scutellum wanting or rudimentary, replaced by the angulated projecting hinder portion of the pronotum. 'Elytra reticulated and of one, uniform, thin substance throughout. Tarsi 2-jointed. Abdomen: in the ?, the sixth abdominal segment, on the underside widening at the sides, but its posterior margin in the middle is produced 24 TINGIDINA. into a point. Genital segments: in the ^, two are visible; the first formed like tlie abdominal segments ; the second on tiie upper side_ has two short, horny processes ; on the under side it is somewhat convex, and at the end, which is broad or narrow, is somewhat recurved ; — sometimes also there is a slight impression on each side. In the $ , the first segment is scarcely visible, and the second and third are formed like the abdominal segments, the second being shorter than the third. On the underside they are cleft in the middle, but not parted, .the margins of the cleft forming a raised sutural line. The genital segments are of the same type in all the genera. Family 1.— AGRAMMID^E. Punctate-reticulate. Head rather large and convex. Antemncs sliort, stout, 2nd joint longest. 'Eijes rather prominent. Bostrum in a deep channel. Pronotum convex, the front without a hood, the sides without reticulated margin, widened gradually to the hinder angles ; scutellar process elongate. Elytra convex, with fine, granu- lated, subreticulate punctures. G-en. 1, Agramma. * Family 2.~TINGIDID/E. Reticulated. Head with 2 or 3 spines on the crown. AntenncB -. 3rd joint longest and thinnest (sometimes apparently thickest, being densely clothed with stout hairs). liostrum thin, long, in a deep channel of which the sides are raised. Pronotum in front, with a hood or only tumid ; sides with foliaceous margins, projecting or closely lapped over on to the pronotum; disk with 1 or. 3 keels ; scutellar process usually long. Eli/tra, with the anterior margin more or less wide and reflexed ; nerves of the disk usually forming a long lanceolate cell. Gen. 1, Monanthia ; 2, Derephysia ; 3, Dic- tyonota; 4, Campylostira ; 5, OrtJioalira. CORTTnCOLlNA. Section I.—IIEBRINA. Hebridse, F'leh. Hebroidea, Flor. Hebrides, Am. et Serv. Hydrodromici, p., Burm. Consistence hard ; compressed. Antennrp 6-jointed. Ocelli. 2. Bostnim 4-jointed. Elytra : Clavus membranous ; Membrane witli- out perceptible nerves. Tarsi trimerous. Family 1.— tlEBRID^. Long-oval, small, stout. Head long ; Crown long, clypeate ; Face short, broad. Antennae: first and second joints stout; third and fifth very minute, like a petiole of the preceding joints. Ocelli small, in a line vrith the middle of the eyes. Bostrmn 4-jointed, long ; first and second joints very short ; rostral channel with deep, raised sides. Pronotum hexagonal, sides before the. middle very deeply constricted ; disk with a central longitudinal channel and a fovea on each side of it anteriorly ; posteriorly convex. Elytra : Corium alone coriaceous : Clavus posteriorly not perceptibly sepa- rated from the membrane. Sternum with a wide vertical channel. Legs stout, long ; posterior thighs curved ; each pair of coxcb very wide apart ; tarsi, first joint very short ; second short, stout, the end oblique, clasping the third so that the two joints look like one ; the third long, stout ; claws very short and thiu. Gen. 1, Hebrus. Section ^—CORTTCICOLIKI. Corticicolse, Am. et Serv. Membranacei, p., Lett., Burm. Aradidse, 'Fieb. Aradoidea, Flor. Head horizontal, in front developed into a long process. AntenntB '4-jointed, inserted on the inner side of large antenniferous processes. 26 CORTICICOLINA. Ocelli 0. Rostrum short, 3-jomted. Tarsi 2-jointe(l, the 2ad joint longest. Abdomen. — The Genital segments differ in the families as stated. Family 1.— ANEURIDiE. Very flat and thin, smooth. Head wide, contracted behind to a short neck ; antenniferous processes broad, the end straight. An- tenncB : fourth joint longest. Pronotum sub-hexagonal, twice as broad as long. Scutellum broad, rounded behind, almost semicircular. Elytra : Corium very short, merging into tbe membrane, which is very broad, with 1 basal cell and 1 nerve. Abdomen. — Conneximim very broad, horizontal, the margin rounded ; Genital segments rounded behind, not foliaceous. Gen. 1, Aneurus. Family 2.— ARADID^. Flat, granulated all over. Head with a short neck ; antennife- rous processes long, acutely pointed. Antennce mostly thick, the length of the joints varying, the 3rd longest, the 4th conical at the end. JEyes large, prominent. Rostrum longer than the head, in a narrovp channel. Pronotiivi transverse, 6-sided, side margins foli- aceous, posterior margin produced over the base of the elytra; disk with 4 keels. Scutellum long, triangular, concave. Elytra : Clavus very narrow ; Corium abbreviated internally, the anterior margin wide and projecting at the base ; nerves strong, forming 2 cells ; Membrane with 4 nerves, forming three cells. Abdomen beneath, with a fine linear, longitudinal channel ; Connexivum broad, horizontal, foliaceous, the margin dentate ; the last Genital segment posteriorly, with a broad, bi-lobed, foliaceous margin. Gen. 1, Aradus. CAPSTNA. 27 Section d.— CJPSINA. Astemmites, p., Lap. Capsini, Bttrm., Kolen. Bicelluli, Am. et Serv. Capsidee, Westw. Capsina, ¥lor. Phytocoridse, Fleh. Structure soft, fragile. Head witli the Chjpeus developed. AntenncB 4-jointed, mostly setiform or filiform, often very long, in- serted for the most part between and before the eyes. Ocelli 0.* ^os^rwm 4-jointed, free. Elytra: Cot'ium with. a Oimeus ; Membrane with two closed cells at its base, more rarely with only one, otherwise without nerves. Tarsi trimerous. Abdomen,. — lu the $ there are apparently seven abdominal segments, but the seventh is the first genital segment, which has entirely the form of an abdominal segment. In the 9, on the underside, the six abdominal seg- ments Jiave their posterior margin either straight or the last two or three raised and retracted in the middle, the sixth often so much that it is only visible on the sides ; usually the posterior margin of the last, or, when the middle of it cannot be seen, then of the penultimate segment, has a short, triangular process, overlying the base of the ovipositor, but this is some- times wanting. The genital segments are formed alike in all the genera. In the $ the first of the two, as before stated, has entu-ely the form of the preceding abdominal segment ; the second, or true genital segment, is large, visible above and beneath, somewhat convex beneath, gradually tapering to the apex, with an opening above for the anus and genital organs. In the $ the second and third segments are visible above and beneath, annular, and formed like the preceding abdominal segments, but on the underside cleft in the middle throughout their length, the margins of the cleft being parallel to each other. The second segment beneath has its posterior margin straight or a little concave, anteriorly widely extended, the angles which lie on the cleft rounded ; the third segment * Kolenati, in his ' Meletemata Entomologica,' fasc. ii, p. 95, says, " Ocelh minimi ;" and adds, " Sub microscopio pro corporibus opacis constructo ocehi pone et retro oculos couspici possuut. Ocelli in Capsinis numquam nigri a me visi; semper enim pellucidi, hinc in capite pallido difScillimi visu. Facilius conspiciendi in lamella epicranii a reliquis capitis partibus separata." 28 CAPSTNA. uarrowed posteriorly. In the cleft of the second and third segments lies the first segment, composed of two very narrow, long plates, of which the inner margins are close together, covering the ovipositor throughout its length, reaching from its base to the end of the third segment, where they are more visible than between the margins of the cleft of the second segment. The long, strong, ovipositor, when at rest, is entirely shut in and concealed t)y the plates of the first segment, whence it is protruded for the fulfilment of its functions. Div. 1, UnicelluU. — Membrane with one cell. Div. 2, Bicelluli. — Membrane with two cells. Div. l.-UNICELLULI. Family 1.— BRYOCORID.E. Short-oval, Head short, vertical in front ; Croion flattish- convex ; Cli/pevs convex. Antennce slender, as long as or longer than the body ; third and fonrth joints filiform, both together longer than the second. Ut/es more or less prominent. Bostrum short, reaching to the first or third pair of coxcb. Pronotum trapezoidal, vrith two callosities in front. Elytra sometimes with cuneus and membrane wanting; Corium very convex, when developed less convex. Gen. 1, Bri/ocoris ; 2, Monalocorls. Div. 2.-BICELLDLI. Family 2.— PITHANIUtE. Linear-elongate. Head large, vertical in front, viewed from the side subglobose ; Groion flat, horizontal ; Clypeus prominent, very convex. Antennw shorter than the body ; first joint short, stout ; second slightly clavate ; third and fourth filiform. Eyes prominent, spheroidal. Bostrum long, almost reaching to the first abdominal segment, third and fourth joints somewhat fusiform. Pronotum, in developed examples, long- trapezoidal, constricted in front ; in undeveloped examples cylindrical, constricted at each end, with two large callosities in front. Svutellum. triangular, wider at the base in developed examples than in undeveloped ones. Elytra : sometimes with the cuneus and viemtrrane wanting, and the Corium very short, barely covering the first abdominal segment ; when de- veloped, the elytra cover the abdomen. Gen. 1, Pithamis. CAPSINA. 29 Family 3.— MIRIDtE. Linear-elongate, more or less parallel. Head horizontal ; viewed from the side almost a parallelogram ; Clypeus triangular ; apex sometimes reflexed ; or, Crown horizontal ; Clypeus very convex, overhanging the face. ^/t^e««« variable in length ; first joint stout, longer than or as long as the head ; second not so stout as the first, and considerably longer ; third and fourth somewliat filiform, both together longer or shorter than the second. Mostrum variable in length, sometimes reaching to the second, or third pair of coxce, sometimes to the second abdominal segment. Pro not um trape- zoidal, sometimes with two callosities in front ; sides margined, sometimes reflexed. Elytra sometimes with the cuneus and mem- brane almost wanting, or with the membraiie imperfectly developed ; in the latter case the cuneus is carried round the apex of the former and the outer cell is very long ; when developed the cuneus is long, narrow, triangular. Thighs sometimes toothed beneath. Gen. 1, Mir is ; 2, Acetropis ; 3, Lopomorpha. l^MiLY 4.— PHYTOCORID^. Longish oval ; sides more or less parallel. Head viewed from the side quadrate, or almost a parallelogram ; Crown flattish ; Clypeus convex. Antennce as long as or longer than the body ; first joint long, stout, as long as half the head and the pronotum ; second, third, and fourth almost filiform. Eyes more or less prominent. Rostrum long, reaching to beyond the third pair of coxce, sometimes to the middle of the abdomen. Pronotum short, trapezoidal, with a collar in front, behind which are generally two callosities. Elytra longer than the abdomen ; Corium flattish convex. Gen. 1, Miridius ; 2, Fhytocoris. Family 5.— DERtEOCORIDtE. Longish oval or elongate ; sometimes broad, sides parallel. Head generally vertical in front ; Crown more or less convex ; Clypeus convex, sometimes rounded at the apex and overhanging the face. Antennce shorter or longer than the body ; sometimes stout ; third and fourth joints sometimes thickened, seldom siiorter than tlie 30 CAPSINA. second. Eyes prominent. Bostrum reaching to the second pair of coxcB, sometimes to the second or third abdominal segment. Prono- titm trapezoidal, with a collar, sometimes margined behind the latter. Mytra longer than the abdomen ; Corium convex or flattish convex. Gen. 1, Derceocoris ; 2, Fantilius. Family 6.— LITOSOMID^. Somewhat elongate, slightly elliptic. Head almost vertical in front; Crown flattish; Clfpeus convex; ^«ce, central lobe convex, projecting beyond the clypeus. Antennae shorter than the body ; first joint stout, about as long as the head ; second gradually thickened to the apex ; third and fourth filiform, together shorter than the second. Eyes somewhat prominent. Bostrum reaching to the second or third pair of coxce ; first joint stout. Pronotum short trapeziform. Elytra longer than the abdomen ; Corium flattish, Gen. 1 , Litosoma. Family 7.— PIIYLIDiE. Elongate, narrow, sometimes delicate, sides almost parallel. Head vertical in front or much deflected from behind the eyes to the apex of the face ; with or without a transverse keel behind the eyes ; Crown convex, deflected or almost flat; Clypeus convex. Antennce slender, as long as or longer than the body ; first joint stout, longer or shorter than the head. Eyes large, prominent. Rostrum reaching to or beyond the third pair of coxce. Pronotum generally campanu- late, sometimes trapeziform ; with or without two almost obsolete callosities in front. Elytra sometimes with cuneus and membrane wanting ; Corium very convex ; when the elytra are developed, less convex or flat. Gen. 1, uEtorJmius ; 2, Sphyracephaliis ; 3, Byrsoptera ; 4, Phyllis. Family 8.— CAMARONOTID^. Elongate, somewhat narrow. Head long, triangular, very con- siderably deflected from the hinder margin to the apex, with a distinct transverse keel almost in a line with the hinder margins of the eyes ; Clypeus slightly convex. Antennce shorter than the body ; first joint somewhat stout, about half as long as the liead ; second CAPSINA. 31 long, slightly thickeued to the apex ; third and fourth filiform. Ei/es large, prominent ; hinder margin slightly projecting beyond the transverse keel. Sostnim reaching to beyond the third pair of coxce ; first joint stout. Fronotiim longish trapeziform, without callosities in front. Elytra widened from beyond the middle to the cuneus ; CGvium convex, somewhat embracing the abdomen, and elevated towards the junction with the cuneus and membrane, which are very much deflected and flat. Legs : third pair of tihice thickened in the middle, somewhat bent and flattened on the sides. Gen. 1, Camaro- notus. Family 9.— GLOBICEPIDiE. Elongate, narrow, parallel. Head vertical in front ; Crown flatfish convex, in the undeveloped ^ very convex, and considerably raised above the upper margin of the eyes. Atiiennce shorter than the body ; second joint thickened towards the apex, in the 9 much more so than in the ^ ; third and fourth filiform. JEyes large, prominent. Rostrum reaching to the second pair of coxcb. PronGtiim lougish trapeziform, constricted in front, with two large callosities behind the constriction. Elytra sometimes with cuneus and membratie im- perfectly developed ; Corium less convex in developed than in unde- veloped examples. Gen. 1, Gloliceps. Family 10.— IDOLOCORIDiE. Short or elongate, narrow, parallel ; sometimes slightly oval and very delicate. Head viewed from above sometimes pentagonal and deflected in front, or vertical in front, transversely oval, and generally produced into a neck behind the eyes; Croivn more or less convex ; Chjpeus sometimes overhanging the face. AntenncB slender, of variable length, shorter than or as long as the body ; second joint generally more or less clavate ; third and fourth filiform. Eyes large or small, more or less prominent, the hinder margin sometimes resting on the anterior margin of the pronotum. Mostrmn sometimes free, generally reach- ing to the second or third pair of coxce, sometimes to the second abdominal segment ; first joint of variable length. Pronotum longish trapeziform, or longish campanulate, with a more or less broad collar in front, behind which are two callosities, sometimes almost obsolete. 3.2 (^APSINA. iJIi/tra sometimes M'ith cuneu6- and membrane vf anting ; Oorium eon- vex ;* when developed, the Corinm somewhat flat. Abdomen sometimes very much narrowed at the base. Gen. 1, Ci/llo- eoris j 2, Si/stellonotus ; 3, Campi/loneura ; 4, Idolocoris ; 5, Macrolophus ; 6, Malacocoris. Family 11.— ONCOTYLID^E. Elongate, somewhat parallel, sometimes suboval. Head almost vertical in front, or very much deflected ; Crown flattish, sometimes convex ; Clypeus more or less convex ; Face, central lobe sometimes prominent. Antennce sometimes as long as the body, generally shorter ; second joint clavate or thickened to the apex ; third and fourth filiform. JEyes prominent. Rostrum sometimes stout, reaching to the third pair of coxce, or to the second or third abdominal seg- ment. Pronotum short, trapeziform, with two callosities in front. Scutellum triangular, generally equilateral. Eli/tra convex or flattish convex. Gen. 1, Anoferojjs ; 2, Macrocoleus ; 3, Amhli/- tylus ; 4, T'micephalus ; 5, Oncotylus; 6, Hoplomachus ; 7, Conos- tetkus. Family 12.— PSALLID^. Somewhat elongate and parallel, or short ; sometimes broad oval. Head almost vertical in front ; Crown flattish convex, generally de- flected to the base of the clypeus ; Clypeus convex or flattish ; base generally almost in a line with the anterior margin of the eyes, sometimes lower, apex sometimes slightly produced. Antennce shorter than the body ; second joint three to four times as long as the first, generally thickened to the apex ; third and fourth filiform, together shorter than the second. Ei/es large, sometimes prominent. Rostrum sometimes free, reaching to the third pair of coxa, some- times to the second abdominal segment. Rronotum short, trapeziform, with two callosities in front. Scutellum triangular, sometimes almost equilateral. Elytra convex or flattish convex. Greu. 1, Plagioyna- thus ; 2, Apocremnus ; 3, Psallus ; 4, Sthenarus. Family 13.— CAPSlDiE. Elongate, narrow, almost parallel ; sometimes short, suboval or oval ; rarely minute. Head sometimes stouter in the ^ than the $ ; CAPSINA. 33 horizontal, very mucli deflected or vertical in front ; sometimes pointed ; Crown convex, or almost flat ; Clypeus convex, rarely prominent, and rounded at the apex. Antennce shorter than the body ; first and second joints generally incrassated, especially the second, vrhich is sometimes fusiform at the apex, rarely entirely fusiform, and flattened on the sides ; third and fourth fusiform. Eyes large, sometimes very large and prominent. Bostrum reaching to the second or third, or heyond the third, pair of cox(e. Fronotum longish or short-trapeziform, sometimes with a collar in front, generally with two callosities behind the latter. JElytra (sometimes with cuneus and memlrane wanting) ; Corium very convex ; when the elytra are developed, less convex. Legs sometimes saltatorial ; Thighs, third pair frequently stout, flattened on the sides. Gren. 1, Neocoris ; 2, Agalliastes ; 3, Orthocephaliis ; 4, Heterocorclylus ; 5, Atractotomus ; 6, Heterotoma ; 7, JRhopalotoinus ; 8, Capsus ; 9, Foly- merus. Family 14.— LYGIDJE. Elongate or short-oval. Head generally vertical in front ; Croivn convex or flattish convex ; Clypeus convex. Anfennce of variable length, sometimes as long as or only half the length of the body ; second joint two and a half to three and a half times as long as the first, generally gradually thickened to the apex ; third and fourth filiform, together shorter or longer than the second. Eyes large and prominent. JRos- trimi rarely free ; of variable length, reaching to the end of the meso- sternum, or third pair of coxce, Pronotum trapeziform, rarely ob- scurely hexagonal, with a collar and two callosities in front; the anterior margin generally constricted. Elytra sometimes with the membrane abbreviated ; Corium convex ; when developed, less convex. Gen. 1, Charagochilus ; 2, Camptohrochys ; S, Liocoris ; ^, Orthojjs ; ^, Lygus; 6, Poeciloscytus. Family 15.— HARPOCERIDtE. $ Elongate, somewhat parallel ; 9 broad, slightly oval. Head vertical in front ; Crown convex ; Clypeus convex. AntenncB shorter than the body ; second joint, in the $ , half as long as the third, on the under side, at the apex, produced into a flattish, trian- gular lobe ; in the 9 not produced into a lobe at the apex ; third straight in the i, curved in tlie ?. Eyes large and prominent; 3 34 TAPSINA. nostrum reaching to the end of the mesosternum. Pronotum tra- peziform, with two callosities in front. Elytra longer than the abdomen ; Corium flattish convex. Gen. 1, Ilarpocera. Family 16.— MYRMICOCORIDtE. In developed examples elongate, slightly oval; in undeveloped examples broadly oval posterioi'ly. Head pointed, vertical in front ; Croivn convex; Glypeus very convex. Anfennce shorter than the body ; second joint two and a half times as long as the first ; fourth compressed on the sides. Eyes large, prominent. Eostrum reaching to the first abdominal segment. Pronotum longish trapeziform, with a collar and two callosities in front ; in undeveloped examples the callosities are generally formed into one, and occupy the entire width of the pronotum. Scutellum triangular, equilateral. Elytra fre- quently with Cuneus and Membrane wanting; Corium very convex, when developed flattish convex, constricted before the middle. Gen. 1, Myrmicocoris. Family 17.— LOPID^. Elongate, almost parallel. Head vertical in front ; Croion flat, horizontal ; Clypeus convex. AntenncB as long as the body ; second joint a little more than twice as long as the first, slightly thickened to the apex ; third and fourth filiform, together as long as the second. Eyes large, prominent. Postrum reaching to the end of the metasternum. Pronotum trapeziform, with a collar and two callosities in front ; sides margined to behind the callosities. Scu- tellum triangular, equilateral ; the anterior portion almost or entirely concealed beneath the posterior margin of the pronotum. Elytra longer than the abdomen ; Corium flattish convex. Gen. 1, Lopus. Family 18.— DICHROOSYCTIDJE. Elongate, almost parallel. Head long, pointed ; viewed from tlie side, the croion, clypeus, and face, form a continuous curve. An- tenncB shorter than the body ; second joint more than three times the length of the first, scarcely thickened to the apex ; third and fourth filiform, together a little shorter than the second. Eyes large, prominent. Rostrum free, reaching to the second or tliird CAPSINA. 35 abdominal segment ; first joint reacliiug to the apex of the xyphus of the prosteruum. Pronotum short-trapeziform, with a narrow collar and two callosities in front. Scutellum triangular, equilateral ; the anterior portion almost entirely concealed beneath the posterior margin of the pronotum. Elytra longer than the abdomen ; Corium convex. Gen. 1, Dichroosyctus. Family 19.— HALTICOCORTD/E. Yery short, widely oval posterioi'ly. Head long, pointed, vertical in front ; viewed from the side, the crown, clypeus, and face, form a continuous curve ; Crown, hinder margin with or without a keel between the eyes ; Ch/j^eus long, convex. Antennce thin, con- siderably longer than the body ; second joint four times the length of the first ; third and fourth filiform, together much longer than the second. Eyes small, more or less prominent. Rostrum reaching to the end of the metasternum ; first joint stout, reaching to the apex of the xyphus of the prosternum. Pronotum in developed examples trapeziform, with two flattish callosities in front ; in undeveloped examples broad or narrow, the callosities almost obsolete, or occu- pying at least half of the disk. Scutellum triangular, the anterior portion concealed beneath the posterior margin of the pronotum. Elytra sometimes without the clavus, and frequently with the cuneus and memhraue also wanting ; Corium very convex ; when developed, a little less convex. Gen. 1, Salticocoris. Family 20.— STIPHROSOMID^. Short, broad, ovate. Head triangular, vertical in front ; viewed from above, very short ; Crown almost flat ; Clypeus convex. An- tennce very short, scarcely half the length of the body ; second joint three times as long as the first ; third and fourth filiform, together as long as the second. Eyes small, prominent. Rostrum reaching to the metasternum ; first joint stout, reaching to the end of the xyphus of the prosternum. Pronotum short-trapeziform, with two flat cal- losities in front, Scutellum triangular ; tlie anterior portion con- cealed beneath the posterior margin of the pronotum. Elytra as long as, or a little longer than, the abdomen ; Corium convex, anterior margin reflexed next the base. Gen. 1, Sliplirosonia. 36 ANTHOCORINA. Section \{).—ANTH0C0BINA^ Lygaeodes, p., Burm. Anthocorides, Am. et Serv. Antliocoridea, Flor. Microphysse, Anthocoridae, Acanthiadse, and Ceratocombidse, Fieb. Antennce slender, 4-jointed, inserted below the eye-line. Ocelli 2 or 0. Rostrum 3 or 4-jointed ; free (except in Acantliiidee) . Ehjtra often abbreviated; when developed, with Clavus, Corium, Emholium, Cuneus, and Memhrane (except in the Families Acan- thiidce and CeratocomhidcB, which are aberrant). Wings often wanting. Tat^si 2 or 3-jointed. Family 1.— MICROPHYSIDt?]. Antennce filiform. Ocelli 2; large and prominent in $, very small in 9. Rostrum 4-jointed; first joint very short. Elytra in the $ longer than the abdomen; Corium with long Emloiium ; Cuneus triangular; Membrane in the middle of its base, with one semi-oval cell, from which spring three short nerves and one nerve at the inner side of the cell, or near the inner basal angle ; in the ? the Elytra are short, sometimes not so long as the abdomen, some- times only rudimentary ; Clavus and Membrane undeveloped. Tarsi 2-jointed, the first very short. Abdomen. — lu $ cylindrical, pointed ; in ? broad, sliort, longitudinally or transversely oval. Gen. 1, Mynnedohia ; 2, Zygonottis. Family 2.— ANTHOCORIDtF]. Head, from the side, almost conical. Antenna 4-jointed ; the second joint sometimes thickened to the apex ; the third and fourth filiform or thin fusiform. Ocelli 2, sometimes very small in the ?. Rostrum 3-jointed. Rronotum trapezoidal. Scutellum large. Elytra * richer has characterised and figured most of the genera in the ' Wiener Entom. Monatsschrift,' 1800. ANTHOCORINA. 37 sometimes rudimentary, or partially developed ; when perfect, con- sisting of Clavas, Corium, EmhoUmn, Cimeus, and Memhrane. Mem- brane with 1 — 4 nerves arising from the end and long side of a very narrow, triangular, basal cell. Tarsi trimerous. Gen. 1, Tetra- pJileps ; 2, Temiiostethus ; 3, Anthocoris ; 4, Lyctocoris ; 5, Piezo- stethus ; 6, Triphleps ; 7 , Bi'achysteles ; S, Cardiastethus ; d, Xylo- coris. Family 3.— ACANTHIID^. Head broad, convex ; Face triangular, the lobes not defined, pro- jecting between the antenna? in a broad triangle ; antenniferous pro- cesses stout. Antenna; : the first two joints thick ; third and fourth filiform. Syes large, prominent. Ocelli 0. JRostrum 3-jointed, short, lying in a channel on the under side of the head ; Labrum triangular. Pronotum subreniform, wider than long ; side margins foliaceous, projecting in front as far as the eyes. Scutellum broad, short, triangular. Elytra, with Coriicm only, very broad and short. Sternum ; the middle of the mesosternuni broad and flat. Legs strong. Tarsi trimerous. Abdomen broad, oval, wider at the base thau the prouotum ; beneath, in the middle, with a broad flat process, arising on the second segment, extending forwards, and joined to the plate of the mesosteruum. Gen. 1, Acmithia. Family 4.— CERATOCOMBID^. Antennae flagellate, long-haired ; the first joint very small. Ocelli 2. Rostrum 3-jointed. Elytra (when developed) : the Corium without Emholium ; the separation from the Membrane imperceptible ; the nerves forming large cells. Wings often undeveloped ; when present, with a long, narrow cell below the upper marginal nerve. Tarsi trimerous. Gen. 1, Ceratocombus ; 2, Dipsocoris. 38 REDUVINA. Section ll.—OCULATINA. Oculati, Lat., Am. et Serv. Riparii, Burm. Oculata, Flor. Sal else, Fieb. Stout, convex, especially on the under side. Clypeus long ; Face vertical. Antennce 4-jointed, inserted before and under the eyes. E}/es very large, prominent. Ocelli 2. Rostrum 3-jointed, free. Legs : third pair saltatorial ; tarsi trimerous. Abdomen. — In the 9 beneatli, the last segment roundly produced, covering the genital segments. Family l.~SALDIDiE. Head above, five-sided, across the eyes broader than long. An- tennce : second joint longest ; third and fourth subfusiform or fusi- form. Fi/es subreniform, projecting outwards and backwards. Ocelli in the middle of the crown, approximate. Rostrum long, aculeate ; lahrmn long-triangular. Membrane with five nerves, not extending to any of the margins, but roundly joined together at the ends, forming four long, parallel cells. Legs: third pair longest. Gen. 1, SalJa. Section Vl.—BEBVVINA. Reduvini, Burm. Recluviidae {Stej)h.), Westw. Reduvina, Flor. Reduvidae et Nabida3, Fieb. Niidirostri, p., Am. et Serv. Structure soft, sometimes delicate. Ilead mostly long, produced behind the eyes ; Clypeus more or less produced. Antennce 4—8- jointed, slender, sometimes very long. LJ//es prominent, inserted at or behind the middle of the sides of the liead. Ocelli 2, close to REDUVINA. 39 the base of the eyes, or wanting. Bostrum tree, short, tliick, and 3-jointed, or long, slender, and 4-jointed. Pronotum stout, some- what long-trapeziform, narrowed in front ; a transverse furrow on the disk before the middle, where also the sides are deeply con- stricted. Scutellum with or without a basal nodule. Elytra : Corium long and narrow, the posterior margin oblique, without suture, or straight and well defined ; Membrane with one, two, or three cells, and one or several nerves therefrom. Legs moderate, strong ; or the second and third pairs very long and slender ; tarsi trimerous. Abdomen. — The segments differ in the families or genera, as stated. Family L— REDUVID^. Elongate. Head convex, constricted, and on the upper side trans- versely incised behind the eyes ; the posterior portion of the head globose or elongate, and more or less trigonate. Anfeiince 4 — 8- jointed ; long, or very long, and slender ; each inserted on a small process in front of the eyes (the intermediate joints minute). Ui/es inserted at the middle of the sides of the head. Ocelli close or distant, rarely wanting. Rostrum short, thick, curved, 3-jointed, reaching nearly to the fore coxce. Pronotum with a central, longitu- dinal depression, and a transverse depression before the middle, the sides constricted at the same place. Elytra: Corium submem- branous, narrow, much extended on the anterior margin, and obliquely shortened within; posterior margin without membrane- suture : Membrane extended up the inner margin of the corium ; posteriorly very broad, with one or two long, closed cells, not reaching to the posterior margin, and one nerve from them pos- teriorly. Leys : third pair longest ; second and third pairs some- times very long. Gen. 1, Ploiaria ; 2, Pyyolampis ; 3, Coranus ; 4, Peduvius. Family 2.— NABIDtE. Elongate. Head produced behind the eyes into a short neck ; Clypeus not much produced. Antennce 5-jointed, filiform, inserted on a process at the sides of the head, in front of the eyes. Eyes large or moderate, inserted behind the middle of the sides of the head. Ocelli in a line with, or posterior to, the base of the eyes. 40 HYDROMETPaNA. Bostrum 4-joiDted, curved, reacliing to the first or second pair of coxae; the first joint very stout. Pronotum in front narrow and rounded, or annularly contracted ; disk with a slight transverse in- cision or depression beyond the middle ; the sides also there con- stricted; widened posteriorly. Elytra: Corium, posterior margin straight, well defined; Membrane in the middle, with three long, closed cells, not extending to the margins ; the nerves diverging from them all round, and forming several marginal cells (the clavus and corium sometimes, and the membrane often, but partially developed). Legs : third pair longest ; iliiylis, first and second pair thick, fusi- form ; tihicB, first and second pairs with a spongiose cushion at the extremity. Abdomen. — Genital segments, in tlie $ above, 1, trapeziform, broad, de- flected, and projecting ; the sides posteriorly with a contorted process ; beneath 2, the first visible merely as a narrow rim within the sixth ab- dominal segment, the second as on the upper side, but convex, posteriorly roundly deflected : in the § above, 2, the first sliort, not so wide at the base as the sixth abdominal segment, and narrower posteriorly ; the second longer, rounded posteriorly ; beneath, the fifth and sixth abdominal seg- ments are raised up and shortened in the middle, the sixth very short, but broad on the sides ; in the opening thus formed the broad ovipositor occupies the centre ; on each side is the angulated plate of a genital seg- ment, its upward apex covered by the angular, projecting point of another segment. Gen. 1, Metastemma ; 2, Nabis. Sub-Div. 2. — Hydrodromica.* Section l.—HYDROMETBINA. Hydrometrae and Hydroessae, Fleb. Hydrometridea, Flor. Structure hard, horny. Form elongate and subparallel, or long- oval. Antenna! inserted on the sides of the head before the eyes, 5 or 6-jointedt (the third or third and fifth joints very minute). * Page 11. t At page 10 the antennae of the Division Gymnocekata are given as 3 — 4-jointed, the small intermediate joints in the present section (also in Uebn'na and in Reduvina) not being generally considered to be true joints, but each as belonging to tlie joint immediately preceding it. HYDROMETRINA. 41 Eyes at the base of the head, rather large, hemispherical, promi- nent. Ocelli or 2, very small and indistinct. Bostrum 3 — 4- jointed. Pronotum united to the Mesonotiim, posteriorly produced in a scutellar form. Scutellum wanting. Elytra of a hard, uniform consistence throughout, not divided into Clavus, Corium, and Mem- hrane, traversed longitudinally by strong nerves, which anastomose in places, and so form closed cells. (The Elytra and wings are sometimes but partially developed, sometimes wholly wauting.) Sternum flat or convex. Legs : Coxce of the second and third pairs inserted at the sides of the sternum ; second pair of legs usually the longest ; tarsi 2 — 3-jointed, the last joint with two fine claws in- serted before its apex ; Puhilli wanting. Abdomen. — In both sexes six abdominal segments visible ; the Genital segments vary in the genera as stated. Family 1.— HYDROMETRIDtE. Long, narrow. Head long, 5-sided, curved ; Face, central lobe prominent. Antennce inserted on a horizontal process at the sides of the head, 5-jointed ; the third, minute. Eyes large, globose, close to the pronotum. Ocelli small. Postrum reaching to the first pair of coxse, 4-jointed ; first and second joints short, third very long. Pro- notum long, 5-sided, in front depressed, sides subparallel ; the sides towards the binder angles mostly incrassated and raised into a tu- bercle, the margin turned under ; scutellar process triangular. Ely- tra flat, nerves strong, forming five long closed cells. Sternum convex, rather wider than the pronotum ; Mesosternum very long. Legs : first pair short, second and third pairs long, thin ; Coxce, first and second pairs inserted in a horizontal projecting sheath posteriorly on the sides of the meso- and metasternum ; Thighs, first pair stout, somewhat flattened ; second and third pairs long, cylindrical ; tihice, first pair stout, obtuse ; second and third pairs long, filiform ; tarsi, first pair stout, short ; second and third pairs very long, fili- form ; claios short, the base covered by a projection of the upper side of the last joint of the tarsus. Abdomen very convex beneath ; Connexivum broad, reflexed, on the sixth segment produced into a long and sliarp or a triangular point. Gen. L Hydrometra. 42 limnobatina. Family 2.— VELIIDtE. Stout, oval, broadest across the proiiotum ; usually apterous. Head short, 5-sided, convex, vertical in front ; Face short. An- tennce 5 or 6-jointed, the third (or third and fifth) minute. Eyes large, close to the pronotum. Ocelli 2 or 0. Rostrum 3-jointed, lying on the sternum. Pronotum 5-sided, short, subrhomboidal ; scutellar process triangular. Elytra flat ; nerves strong, forming 4 — 6 closed cells. Sternum not so wide as the pronotum ; sheaths of the second and third pairs of coxcb oblique or vertical, each pair nearly the same distance apart transversely. Legs not very long ; first pair shortest, second pair slightly longest ; tibice thin ; tarsi trimerous, or 2-jointed on the first pair, on second and third pairs the second joint longer or shorter than the first. Abdomen very convex beneath ; Connexivum broad, reflexed, on the sixth segment produced posteriorly or rounded. Gen. 1, Velia ; 2, Mlcrovelia. Section ^—LIMNOBATIISA. Limnobatidse, Fieb. Structure hard. Form elongate, very narrow and sublinear. Head very long, subcylindrical, widened to the front behind the face, which is very short. Antennce very long, filiform, 4-jointed. Eyes large, hemispherical, deeply inserted near the middle of the sides of the head. OcelU 0. Rostrum 3-jointed. Thorax very long : Pro- notum and Mesonotum united into one piece, produced posteriorly ;* Metanotum depressed, as long as the /jro- and mesonotum together ; Elytra very narrow, rarely as long as the abdomen, generally only as long as the metanotum. Sternum : coxal sheaths progressively longer and more prominent at the sides ; first pair vertical, second and third pairs hindwardly oblique. Legs thin, filiform ; first and second pairs subequal, third pair longest ; tarsi long, cylindrical, on all legs subequal, the last joint with two fine, short claws inserted at the end. Abdomen in both sexes with six abdominal segments visible ; Con- nexivum not produced posteriorly ; Genital segments extending beyond the sixth abdominal segment. * As in the foregoing section, for the sake of brevity, and for want of a better iunn, we call this plate '■' protiolttiii.''^ APHELOCHIRINA. 43 Family 1.— LIMNOBATIDtE. Head horizontal, as long as the thorax, widest on the anterior margin of the clypeiis ; Face very short, narrow, deflected ; cheek- plates long, projecting. Antemits inserted at the end of the widened front of the head ; first joint stoutest and shortest ; third longest. Tliorax much wider than the head. Abdomen flat above, couvex beneath ; Corviexiviim reflexed, narrow iu the $ broad in the $, gradually diminished from the middle to the base and apex, not produced into a point posteriorly ; Genital segments iu $ quad- rangular, in ? short, obtuse; in both sexes terminating with a small superior incurved spine. Gen. 1, Limnotjcdes. Div. 2.-CRYPT0CERATA.* Sub-l)iv. 1. LiTORALIA. Contains only the Genus Pelogonus, Latr., which is wanting in Britain. Sub-Div. 2. — Aquatilia. Section \,— APHELOCHIRINA. Acanthiidse, p., Westw. Aphelochira3, Fleh. Head (including the eyes) triangular, deeply set in the pronotum ; Tace on the same plane as the Groivn. Antennce 4-jointed, simple. Eyes posterior, ohlique. Rostrum 3-jointed, very long, aculeate; Labram triangular. Pronotum broad, transverse ; posterior margin longer than the breadth of the abdomen. Elytra coriaceous through- out ; Embolium triangular. Prosternum concave at the sides. Legs : first pair raptorial, inserted anteriorly on the disk of the pro- sternum ; Cox(V large, long; tliiyhs compressed, first pair broadest and shortest ; tarsi all 2-joiuted, and with two claws. Abdomen broad, oval, the margins serrate. * Page 11. 44 naucorina. Family L— APHELOCHIRID^. Oval, depressed. Antennce : the four joints progressively longer. Rostrum reaching to the second abdominal segment, resting on the sternum; second joint very long. P/'o«o^f^M?^ subtrapezoidal ; anterior margin very roundly concave, anterior angles produced exterior to the eyes, hinder angles projecting. Elytra (rarely developed) in repose leaving a broad lateral portion of the abdomen uncovered ; Membrane nerveless, Sternimi : Prosternmn concave at the sides ; Mesosternum short, with a middle keel ; Metasteruum depressed, tri- angular, sides raised. Legs : thighs, third pair longest, simple ; tibi(E, third pair compressed, subtrigonate, ciliated ; tarsi, first and second pairs stoutest, about one third the length of the tibiae ; third pair slender, rather shorter than the tibiae ; chnvs long, slender. Abdomen beneath ; the posterior margin of the segments except the last angularly cut out, the last roundly for the reception of the wide genital segments, which project a little beyond the acute points ; the posterior margin, in the middle, with two small points. Gen. 1, Aphelocheirus. Section I.—NATJCOBINA. Nepidse, p., Leach; Westw. Nepini, p., Biirm. Naucorides, Am. et Serv. Naucoridse, Fieb. Naucoridea, Flor. Head short, transverse; Face very short, vertical. Antennce 4-jointed, stout, simple ; inserted on the under side of the head, and lying in a cavity beneath each eye. Eyes posterior, very large, tri- angular. Rostrum 3-jointed, free, short, thick, conical, nearly ver- tical; Lahriim large, triangular. Pronotum transverse, subtrape- zoidal, wider than the head. Scutellicm large, triangular. Elytra pergamentous throughout ; Clavus broad ; Emholium broad, dis- tinct, nearly half the length of the corium ; Membrane indistinctly separated from the corium,* nerveless. Winys laid in two longitu- * The distinction clearly seen on the under side. NEPINA. 45 dinal folds. Sternum, especially the prostermivi, concave. Legs very stout ; first pair raptorial, the cox(S inserted near the ante- rior angles of the presternum ; the tliujlis greatly dilated, with a groove beneath for the reception of the tibia? when at rest ; the tibixs falcate ; the tarsi monomerous, very short, unarticulated, without claws : — second and third pairs ; thighs compressed, grooved beneath ; tilics angulated, furnished with long, stout spines, and long ciliae on the inner side ; tarsi long, 2-jointed, articulated, ciliated on the inner side, the last joint with two claws. Stigmata of the abdomen very small and indistinct. Family. 1.— NAUCORID^. Broad-oval. Head posteriorly straight, somewhat deeply inserted in the pronotum ; anteriorly rounded, the eyes within the line of the circumference. Antennce : third joint longest. Pronotum : anterior margin somewhat squarely cut out, the anterior angles projecting exterior to the base of the eyes. Elytra broad ; Glavus and Corium each with one nerve. Sternum : the plates disconnected, and over- lapping ; those of the metasternum raised over the third pair of coxce. Abdomen depressed, dilated, thin, and serrate at the margins. Con- nexivum narrow. Genital segments short, covered beneath with long hairs. Gen. 1, Naucoris. Section 'i.— NEPINA. Notonectides, p., Leach. Nepidse, p., TFesfw. Nepini, p., Burm. Nepides, Am. et Serv. Nepae, Fieb. Nepina, Flor. Long, cylindrical ; or long-oval, very flat, and thin. Head small, short, deeply set in the pronotum. Antennce beneath the head, short, 3-joiuted, the second joint laterally produced. Eyes large, posterior, prominent. Rostrum 3-jointed, free, short, stout ; Labrum very small, triangular. Pronotum long and narrow, \\'idened posteriorly, or broad- subtrapeziform. Elytra shorter than, or as 46 NEPINA. long as, the abdomen ; Emholmm iudistinct ; Corium long, posterior margin oblique ; Membrane filled with reticulated nerves. Wings ample, with four strong nerves, the three anterior ones forming two long, closed cells ; from the nerves proceed many transverse, delicate nervures. Stermmi convex, deeply excavated beneath the coxae. Legs: first pair raptorial; the coxce very long, inserted at the anterior angles of the presternum ; tliiglis dilated, grooved beneath for the reception of the tibiae ; tihice curved : — second and third pairs of legs simple ; tarsi all monomerous, united to the tibia? ; first pair without claws, second and third pairs with two long claws. Abdomen without stigmata at the sides, the end furnished with two long filaments, which, united and projected above the surface of the water, form a passage for the air to two spiracles placed at the sides of the auus ; Connexivum moderate, reflexed. Family 1.— RAN AT RID ./E. Long, cylindrical. Antennce : second joint as long as the first, with a short, stout, oblique lateral process ; third fusiform, stout, not incumbent on the second, and reaching beyond its process. Eyes large, prominent. Rostrum porrected ; first joint greatly contracted at the base. Pronotim very long, narrowest in the middle, most widened posteriorly ; posterior margin angularly excised. Scutellum rhomboidal. Elytra laid sloping to the sides, shorter than the abdomen; Corium long, posterior margin oblique; Membrane dis- tinct, short, finely reticulated. Sternum : Presternum with a longi- tudinal channel on each side of a thin middle keel ; posterior mar- o-in, at the sides, oblique ; Mesosternum trapeziform, convex ; Meta- sternum in the middle, raised, oval, posteriorly produced into a xyphus. Legs long, slender : — first pair; coxes cylindrical, about two thirds the length of the tibife ; thighs slightly dilated as far as the oToove, linear and curved outwards thence to the apex ; the groove narrow, anterior, extending rather more than one third the length of the thigh, terminated by a large spine ; tibice thin, curved ; tarsi long, curved : — second and third pairs longer than the first, cylin- drical ; coxce short, stout ; tarsi very long, slender ; claws thin, divei'gent. Abdomen beneath, trigonal ; the posterior margin of all the segments straight. ConueMmm comparatively broad, projecting, reflexed. Genital NEPINA. 47 segments after the same type as KepkJte, but the last segment is posteriorly obtuse. Geu. 1, Ranatra. Family 2.— NEPID^. Long-oval, flat, tbiu. Antennce : second joint produced laterally at the end into a long falcate process ; third nearly as long as, and incumbent on, the second. Myes moderate, reniform, prominent. Nostrum almost vertical, conical. Pronotuon broad-trapeziform : the first two thirds with longitudinal callosities, the last third flat, inerassated at the sides ; posterior margin slightly concave. Scu- tellum large, triangular. Elytra flat, as long as the abdomen, reti- culated throughout ; Emljolium long, parallel, indistinct on the iipper side ; Membrane indistinctly separated from the Corium. Sternum : Prosternum posteriorly retuse, xyphus rounded ; Meso- and Meta- sternum transverse. Legs : first pair ; coxc^ stout, not half the length of the thighs; tliighs inerassated, suddenly smaller towards the apex ; the groove wide ; tiblce curved ; tarsi digitate : — second and third pairs longest, simple ; coxce subglobose ; tarsi long and slender; da us thin. Abdomen beneath, with a depressed middle keel ; the first and second segments anchylosed, so that there appear to be but five abdominal seg- ments ; the posterior margin of each concave above, augularly excised beneath, except tlie last. Genital segments in $ and 9 outwardly of the same form. Above, in the middle of the last abdominal segment, Hes a small, triangular, pointed plate, which (according to f lor) is the only visible part of the third genital segment, the rest of its development being under the second segment for nearly its whole length ; the second seg- ment, large, subtriangular, cleft up the middle, but not parted, projects far beyond the points of the last abdominal segment, and forms the apex of the abdomen, a spinose point lying on eacli side of the terminal fila- ments ; beneath, this segment appears as two long, narrow, triangular lateral plates, grooved on their iniier margins, the space between them filled by a long, triangular, convex plate, wliose side margins fit into the groove of the eide plates ; the first segment and the generative organs are covered by the second segment. Gen. 1, Nepa. 48 NOTONECTINA. Section ^.—NOTONECTINA. Notonectides^ p., Leach ; Am. et Serv. Notonectici, p., Burm. Notonectidae, p., Westw. Notonectidea, Notonectas et Plese, Fieb. . Notonectica, Fior. Posteriorly, laterally compressed; longitudinally convex. ITead large, transverse, convex, rounded in front ; Crotvn and Face not separated. Antennce 4-jointed. Eyes large, triangular, posterior. nostrum free, 3 or 4-jointed. Elytra corneous or pergamentous throughout ; Emholium linear, oblique or horizontal ; Membrane ample and saddle-formed, or wanting. Legs : first pair inserted on the posterior margin of the prosternum ; tarsi 2 or 3-jointed. These insects swim with their backs downwards, and move rapidly by means of their long hind legs. Family 1.— NOTONECTIDJE. Long-oVal. Head large, with the eyes almost reniform, curved under. Antenncs : first joint short, stout ; second long, very stout ; third in length subequal, narrower, cultrate, with long capitate hairs ; fourth very short, conical. Eyes approximate. Rostrum 4-jointed. Pronotiun hexagonal, subtrapeziform. ScuteUum large. Elytra pergamentous ; Emholium long, linear, liorizontal ; Mem- hrane indistinctly separated from the corium, gradually thinner, folded longitudinally ; apex deeply notched. Legs subequal ; an- terior tihice dilated ; posterior pair longest, and with their tarsi long ciliated ; tarsi all 2-jointed. Abdomen with a ciliated middle keel. Gen. 1, Notonecta. t^AMILY 2.— PLEID^. Ovate, broadest in front, very convex longitudinally, the abdomen laterally compressed and angulated. Head broad, curved under. Antennce : first and second joints very short ; third long, broad- fusiform ; fourth small, clavate, inserted obliquely below the apex of CORIXINA. 49 the third. Eyes remote, slightly prominent. Eostrum 3-jolnted, short, obtuse ; the first joint nearly covered by the labrum and cheek- plates. Fronotum convex, transverse, obscurely hexagonal. Elytra corneous ; Corium, the posterior margin of each elytron meeting each other in a straight longitudinal line ; Emholiiim linear, placed ob- liquely on the anterior angles ; Membrane wanting. Sternum visible horizontally only as the edges of thin plates between the deeply inserted coxa?, laterally as triangular plates. Ijeys all formed alike ; coxo} large ; fulcra, third pair angulated ; thighs gradually smaller to the apex ; tarsi trimerous. Gen. 1, Plea. Section q.— CORIXINA. Notonectici, p., Burm. Notonectidse, p., Westw. Corisides, Am., ef Serv. Corisoidae, Ficb. Corisidea, Fleb., Floi\ Corisae, Ficb. Head scutellate, greatly curved under, so that the apex rests between the anterior coxae, the posterior margin overlying the pro- notum. Antennce^ simple, 3 or 4-jointed, inserted under the margins of the head. Eyes large, remote. Eostrum short, unarticulated, concealed ; labriim triangular, transversely wrinkled ; labium smooth, covered by the labrum. Eronotum transverse triangular. Scutellum 0, or short, triangular. Elytra pergamentous throughout ; Embo- Z/wOT long, linear ; Clavus broad, triangular ; Membrane indistinctly separated from the corium ; nerveless except one fine, long inner nerve. Wings ample, very delicate. Sternum with Scapulce, Eleurcs, and sometimes Earapleurce ; Prosternum anteriorly bilobed ; Meta- sternum produced into a triangular xyphus. Legs : each pair of dif- ferent form ; first pair inserted posteriorly on the prosternum, stout, short ; the tarsi monomerous, broad, cultrate, differing in the sexes, pectinated, with strong hairs beneath, and one small setaceous, apical claw; second pair, the thighs longest, simple, tarsi 1 or 2-jointed, with two long claws ; third pair, tarsi long, dilated, 2-jointed, long-ciliated, and with one apical claw. 4 50 comxiNA. Abdomen flat above, convex beneath : Connexivum at first narrow, gra- dually widened posteriorly, nnieli reflcxed, the end projeeting. In the $ the last four segments have irregular, unsymmetrical margins ; in the $ they are regular and parallel, the posterior margin of the 6th concave above, produced triangularly with sinuate sides beneath. Geniial seg- ments: — The visible parts consist, in the ?, of two short, contiguous, tri- angular plates, not exteuding laterally the whole breadth of the last abdominal segment ; beyond these extend two long, broad, flat, oval, side pieces, touching each other posteriorly, reflexed in the same degree as the connexivum, projecting as a continuation of it, and forming the apex of the body : these plates arc equally visible on the nnderside and occupy the whole space beyond the abdominal segments, except that in the middle, close to the base, a small triangle juts through between them. In the $ the visible parts are formed as in the 9, except that the side plates are not so regular, and the posterior separation is rarely in the middle. The rest of the genital segments and the generative organs are concealed by the plates mentioned. Family 1 .— CORIXIDtE. Oblong, subparallel, convex above. Head transverse, convex, triangular, liindwardly pointed, sides sinuate, seen from above (including the eyes) lunate. Antennae 4-jointed ; first and second joints stout, cylindrical ; third stout, clavate, as long as the first and second together ; fourth subulate. Fronotum transverse, triangular, pointed hindwardly. Scntellum 0. Metasternum furnished with faraplcurcc ; the pleunc with a distinct sutural junction. Tarsi, first and second pairs mouomerous. Gen. 1, Corixa ; 2, Cijmatia. Family 2.— SIGARID^. Elliptic, depressed. Head triangular, sides subangulated ; seen from above obtusely triangular. Antennce 3-jointed; first and second joints subcyiin- drical ; third, oblong, concave. Pronotum transverse, triangular, pointed anteriorly. ScuteUum short triangular. Ilctastermtm with- out parapleurie ; the pleura.- without suture. Tarsi, second pair 2-jointed. Gen. 1, Sir/ara. SCUTATINA. 51 Div. 1 -GYMlSrOCEHATA. Sub-Div. 1. — Geodromica. Section I.— SCUTATINA.'' Family L— CYDNIDJE. Genus 1. — Sehirus, Am. et Serv. Elliptic, more or less convex. Head short, 'o'idest just before the eyes: Face rounded in front, concave tlirough the sides being recurved ; central lobe shorter than the side lobes, which join and enclose it, but leaving a notch in front. AntenncB : the tubercle generally near the eyes, the joints after the 1st gradually thicher to the 4th ; the 2ud and 3rd vary in relative length. Eyes small, rounded, projecting only a little beyond the margins of the head. Ocelli small, distant. SonfruiJi reaching to the middle or hinder coxse, base in a short channel ; 1st and 4th joints shorter, 2nd and 3rd of about equal length. Thorax. — Fronotum transverse, subquadrangular, or subtrape- zoidal, anterior angles much rounded ; anteriorly deflected, with the margin very concave ; sides marginate ; hinder margin a little rounded, more so at the posterior angles. Scutellum large, triangular, at its base not so broad as the abdomen, and reaching beyond the inner posterior angle of the corium, a little constricted just before the rounded apex, which is suddenly deflected. Flijtra : Memhrane with 5 or G irregular, transparent nerves, which join together on the disk, and form irregular cells. Sternum : — Prosternum with a more or less deep rostral channel, and on each side a deep, transverse channel ; Mesosfernuni with a slight, central keel. Let/s strong ; hinder tibiae longest, all the tibicc with very strong spines placed in rows ; tarsi, 2nd joint very small. Abdomen convex beneath ; Connexivum narrow. * Fao-e 11. SCUTATTNA. Species 1. — Sehirus bicolor. CiMEx BICOLOR, Lin. p. S. 250, 936 (1761) ; S. N. i, 722, 55 (1767) Scop.^ Eut. Carn. 122, 357 (1763); De G. Mem iii, 268, 12 (1773); Fab. E. S. iv, 121, 161 (1794): S. R. 176, 109 (1803); Don. Brit. Ins. ix, 21, pi 297 (1800) ; IFolff, Ic. Cim. 63, t. 7, fig. 60 (1801) ; Panz. F. G. 32, 11. — NUBiLOSA, Harris, Exp. Eng. Ins. 90, pi. 26, fig. 8 (1776). Cydnus bicolok. Fall. Mon. Cim. 53, 2 (1807) ; Hem. Suec. 19, 2 (1829) ; Hahn, Wcanz. i, 192, t. 31, fig. 99 (1831) ; Zeit. Faun. Ins. Lap. i, 461, 1 (1832) ; Ins. Lap. 258, 1 (1840); 5«m.Hanclb. ii, 374, 1 (1835); Kole7i. Mel. Eut. iv, 63, 191 (1846) ; Flor, Rhju. Liv. 1, 157, 3 (1860). Pentatoma bicolou, Le P. et Serv. Enc. x, 58, 25 (1825). Tritomegas — Am. et Serv. Hem. 98, 1 (1843) ; Suhlb. Geoc. Fenn. 21, 1 (1848). Sehieus — Fieb. Europ. Hem. 368, 7 (1861). Black, shining, finely punctured ; a spot on tlie anterior lateral margin of the pronotum, a larger dentate one on the base, and another similar one at the apex of the anterior margin of tlie corium, white, the upper side of the tihice also white. Head subtrapeziform ; Croion convex, with few punctures ; Face, side lobes widely recurved ; anterior margin with a wide but shallow notch. Antenncs black, pilose ; 2nd joint half the length of the 3rd; 3rd, 4th, and 5th in length subequal. Eyes rounded rather prominent. Ocelli small, reddish. Bostrum black, reaching a little beyond the middle coxje ; 2nd and 3rd joints of equal length ; rostral channel shallow. Thorax. — Pronotum transverse, anteriorly and posteriorly de- flected ; the sides gradually convergent and rounded to the front ; anterior margin very concave, lateral margins delicately reflexed, posterior margin slightly rounded. Across tiic centre of the disk is a shallow transverse furrow, deeper at the ends, which do not reacli the sides ; before and adjoining this furrow is a transverse unpuuc- tured space, narrow in tlie middle and widened at each end an- teriorly ; from the anterior angles a large white spot extends about CYDNID^. 53 half way down tlie sides ; hinder angles raised, sometimes posteriorly with a small white spot. The punctures are not so contiguous as on the scutellum, but in the central furrow they form slight wrinkles. Scutellum ; the extreme deflected apex punctureless. Elytra : Corium ; anterior margin reflexed ; at the base a large, white, irregular, dentate patch, each end of which extends to the claims ;*at the posterior outer angle a similar smaller patch extends half across the corium ; posterior margin sinuate ; Membrane whitish or fuscous. Sternum: — Prosfernum coarsely, Meso- and Uletasternum moderately but sparsely, punctured. Legs black ; tilice on the out- side, except at the base and apex, white ; tarsi black. ^if/ome?^, beneath, very delicately and sparsely punctured; Con- nexivum rather wide, alternately black and white. Length, 2^— 3i lines. Not uncommon round London in sandy places, among grass and herbage, in the spring. Species 2. — Sehirus dubius. CiMEX DUBixJS, Scop. Eiit. Cam. 121, 355 (17G3); Wolff', Ic. Cim. Gl t. 7, fig. 6] (ISOl). — ALBOMAKGINATUS, Schrlc. Enum. Ins. Aust. 531, 275 (1781), — ALBOMARGixELLTJS, Fab. E. S. iv, 123, 167 (1794) ; S. R. 178, 120 (1803). Cydnus ALBOMAKGINATUS, Full."^ Hem. Succ. 19, 4 (1829); Ramb. Eauu. And. ii, 111, 2 (1842). . — DUBIUS, Halm, Wanz. i, 191, t. 31, fig. 98 (1831) ; Curt. B. E. ii, 74 (1826); Flor, Rliyu. Liv. i, 160, 5 (1860). — ALBOMABGINELLUS, Biirtti. Handb. ii, 374, 2 (1835); Kolen. Mel. Ent. iv, 64, 192 (1845). Seuirus — Am. et Serv. Hem. 97, 2 (1843); Sahib. Geoc. Een. 21, 2 (1848). — DUBIUS, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 368, 5 (1861). Blue-black, with a violet tinge, shining, finely punctured, the lateral margins of the pronotum and the anterior margin of the elytra narrowly yellowish. Head broad, short, trapeziform before the eyes ; Crown rather con- vex, with few punctures ; Face ; side lobes widely recurved ; the an- terior margin almost without a notch. Antennce black or piceous, 54 SCUTATINA. pilose ; 2nd aud 3rd joints in length subequal, larger than the 1st ; 4th and 5th snbequal in length and breadth, but longer and thicker than the 2nd and 3rd. Eyes rounded, rather prominent. Ocelli very small, red. Bostmm piceous, reaching to the middle coxa), 3rd joint larger than the 2nd ; the rostral channel shallow. Thorax. — Pronotum transTerse, quadrangular, gradually rounded to tlie front, slightly convex, anteriorly and posteriorly deflected ; anterior margin very concave : lateral margins narrowly incrassated, yellowish ; posterior margin gradually rounded. Across the centre of the disk is a shallow, transverse furrow, each end (which does not extend to the side) being much deeper ; before and adjoining this furrow is a transverse, smooth, unpunetured space, narrow in the middle, vv^ider at the ends, extending almost to the anterior angles of the pronotum. Scutellum : the sides of the apex incrassated aud, with the deflected portion, unpunetured. Elytra : Corium ; tlie punctures closer than those on the pronotum and scutellum ; the anterior margin incrassated, slightly reflexed, yellowish ; posterior margin slightly sinuate ; Memhrane fuscous. Sternum finely punc- tured : Prosterniim ; the rostral channel shallow. Legs and tarsi black. Ahdomen beneath very convex, delicately punctured ; Connexfviim spotted with yellowish. Length, 2\ — 3 lines. Uncommon. Pangbourne {TVollastoii) ; Portland (Dale). iSjjecies 3. — Sehirus biguttatus. CmEX BIGUTTATUS, Lin. r. S. 250, 935 (1761 ) ; S. N. i, 722, 51 (1767) ; Scop. Eut. Cam. 122, 356 (1763) : Fad. E. S. iv, 122, 161 (1791); S. E. 178, 116 (1S03) ; Fauz. E. G. 32, 13. CYD^'US — FalL Mou. Cim. 53, 3 (1S07) ; Hem. Succ. 19, 3 (1829) ; Ila/uf, Wauz. i, 169, t. 26, fig. 88 (1831) ; Zett. Fauu. Ins. Lap. 1, 161, 2 (1832) ; Ins. Lap. 258, 2 (ISIO); Burm. Handb. ii, 374, 3 (1S35); £olen. Mel. Ent. iv, 65, 193 (1846) ; Flor, Rhyii. Liv. i, 162, 6 (1860). Teitomegas — Jm. ct Serv. Hem. 98, 2 (1813) ; Suldb. Gcoc. Ecn. 22, 2 (1818). Sehieus — Ficb. Europ. licui. 367, 1 (186]). CYDNID/E. 55 Black, sliglitly convex, sliining, deeply punctured ; tlie entire exterior margin (except of the head), and a spot on the corium, yel- lowish. Head small, coarsely punctured ; Crown rather convex, front de- pressed ; Face; side lobes much rounded in front, yet leaving the anterior notch very wide ; anterior margin a little reflexed. An- tennce : 2nd joint a little shorter than the 8rd ; 5th fusiform, a little longer than the 4th, and as long as the 2nd and 3rd together. Fi/es small, not prominent. OccUi very small, black. Eostrum brown, reaching to the middle coxse ; 3rd joint as long or longer than the 2ud. Thorax. — Pronotum gradually narrower to the front, slightly con- vex and anteriorly and posteriorly deflected ; anterior margin very concave ; lateral margins incrassated, yellowish ; posterior margin straiglit, but rounded abruptly towards the lateral margins. Across the centre of the disk a deep, wide, transverse furrow, which does not extend to the sides ; before and adjoining this furrow a transverse unpuuctured space. The punctures are not close together, and are finer on the posterior portion of the disk. Scutellum: pnnctiires equally fine throughout ; apex concave, almost unpunctured. Elytra : Clavus and Corinm with punctures similar to those on the scutel- lum ; nerves smooth. Corium ; the anterior margin incrassated, whitish ; in the centre a somewhat oval, whitish, unpunctured spot ; posterior margin straight ; Ilemhrane deep brown. Sternum coarsely punctured, wath 3 transverse channels, tlie fore and hinder ones deepest ; Prosternum with a shallow rostral channel. Legs black ; tarsi piceous. Abdomen beneath very finely punctured ; Conne.eivum narrow yellov>"ish. Length, 3 lines. !N"ot common round London ; spring and autumn. Species 4. — Seiiirus morio. CiMEx MOEio, Lin. F. S. 250, 932 (17G1); S. N. 1, 722, 51 (1707); Fab. E. S. iv, 121, 171 (1794); IFoIff, Ic. Cim. G7, t. 7, (ig. 64 (1801). 5G SCUTATINA. Cydnus morio, Fab. S. "R. 184, 3 (1803) ; Panz. P. G. 32, 15 ; Fall. Mon. Cim. 52, 1 (1807); Hem. Suec. 18, 1 (1829) ; Hahn, Wanz. 1, 2G3, t. 25, fig. 84 (C. ni- grita) (1831); Burm. Handb. ii, 375. 6 (1835); Hamb. F. And. ii, 112, 3 (1842) ; Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 159, 4(1800). Pentatoma — Lep. et Sen. Enc. x, 58 (1825). Seiiirus — Am. et Sen. Hem. 96, 1 (1843) ; Sahib. Geoc. Feu. 20, 1 (1848); Fieb. Europ." Hem. 367, 2 (1861). Black, sliglitly convex, shining, finely punctured. Sead\>xo2A, almost semicircular before the eyes ; the Crown convex, lightly punctured, the front coarsely punctured. Antenna; : 1st joint short, piceous ; 2nd dark yellow ; 3rd black, about the same length as the 2nd ; 4th and 5th black, in length subequal, but longer than the 3rd ; the extreme tip of the 3rd and 4th, and the petiole of the 4th and 5th yellowish. J^i/es prominent, somewhat pointed. Ocelli large, red. Rostrum brown or piceous, scarcely reaching to the middle coxee, 2ud joint the longest. Thorax. — Pronotum : lateral margins finely reflexed ; hinder angles raised ; on the disk, at a short distance from the anterior margin, a broad, transverse, unpunctured space, in form somewhat quadrangu- lar, but with the anterior angles prolong^ed towards the anterior angles of the pronotum ; the punctures are sharper, deeper, and wider apart than those on the head. Scutellum very slightly con- vex, the deflected apex slightly concave and almost punctureless. Elytra : Corium ; the anterior margin reflexed ; posterior margin slightly sinuate ; Membrane fuscous brown, clearer at the base, or all whitish brown. Sternum coarsely punctured ; 3 transverse femoral channels, the anterior and posterior being the deepest ; Prosternum ; the rostral channel shallow, widened in front, the sides terminating in a short, blunt process. Legs : tihice piceous, tarsi paler. Abdomen very convex beneath, very minutely punctured. Length, 2| — 3^ lines. Not common in the London district ; taken in spring and autumn. Species 5. — Sehirus albomarginatus. CiMEX ALBOMARGINATUS, Fab. E. S. iv, 123, 168 (1794); S. 11.179, 121 (1803); Pa>ts. F. G. 33, 20; JFolf, Ic. Cim. 65, t. 7, fig- 62 (ISOl). CYDNID^. 07 Cydnus albomakginatus, Hahn, Wanz. i, 167, t. 26, fig. 86 (1831); Bum. Ilandb. ii, 375, 4 (1835); Eamb. Faun. And. ii. 111, 2 (1812) ; Schill. Arb. and Veriiud. 183, 33 (1811); Kolen, Mel. Ent. iv, 66, I'Jl (1816) ; Ilor, Riiyn. Liv. i, 156, 2 (1860). Sehieus — Am. et Serv. Hem. 97, 4 (1813). Gnatiioconus — Fieb. Europ. Hem. 3G6, 1 (1861). Black, very convex above and beneath, shining ; above very deeply but finely punctured ; the lateral margins of the pronotum and elytra yellowish white. Head very much deflected, nearly vertical, almost quadrate, rather longer than broad ; Face ; the anterior margin deeply notched ; the margin of the side lobes and the apex of the short, narrow, central lobe slightly reflexed, Antennce : basal tubercle small, nearer to the rostrum than the eyes ; 1st and 2nd joints in length subequal, each larger than the 3rd; the 1st joint is piceous, the 2nd yellowish, the rest black, with the apex narrowly piceous. JEi/es small, rather prominent. Ocelli small, black. Bostrum piceous, the base paler, reaching to the 2nd pair of coxae. Thorax. — Pronotum : the lateral margins yellowish white, very deli- cately reflexed ; disk, towards each side with a slight fovea. SciUellum; the apex almost punctureless, above the deflexion concave. Wytra : Corium with the punctures deeper, wider apart, and more in rows than on the scutellum ; anterior margin yellowish white ; posterior margin straight : Membrane transparent, whitish. Sternum deeply, coarsely punctured, with three transverse channels, of which that on the presternum is deepest ; Prosternum with a wide rostral channel. Legs black ; hinder tihice with finer spines than on the other tibiae ; tarsi piceous. Abdomen beneath very convex, shining, smooth. Length, 2 — 2\ lines. Common in the London district, at the roots of grass, on dry banks, in spring and autumn. yo SCUTATINA. Family 2.— ODONTOSCELID^. Genus 1. — Couimel/ENa, JF/iite. (Mag. Nat. Hist, iii, 24 (1S39). Oval, very convex above. Head much deflected, almost vertical, very broad, short, rounded iu front, margin slightly reflesed, central lobe of the face scarcely so long as the side lobes. AnteniKB : tubercle very small, inserted half way between the eye and the rostrum, and pointing directly inwards; 1st, 3rd, and -Ith joints in length subequal ; 2nd much shorter; 5th a trifle longer than the 4th, fusiform; the 4th and 5th thicker than the others. JiJ^es rather pointed and prominent. Ocelli small, distant, inserted close to the eyes. Bostrum reaching to the 2nd pair of coxae, base in a shallow oval channel ; 1st joint shortest, 2nd and 3rd of equal length, and longer than the 4th. Thorax : Pronotum transverse, almost hexagonal, very convex, hinder angles much raised, within them, depressed ; anterior margin straight as far as the sides of the head, then suddenly produced and deflected behind the eyes ; sides much rounded, margins delicately reflexed ; hinder and posterior angles rounded ; posterior margin nearly straight. Scutellum neither so long nor so wide as the abdomen, the sides sinuate, being constricted close to the base. Elytra straight, the uncovered portion of the coriwm alone coria- ceous, the rest membranous ; Membrane with the (? 5) neiwes scarcely perceptible. JProstemum divided in the centre, the plates raised over the rostrum and base of the head, forming a channel for the reception of the antennae ; on each side a deep, transverse channel. Legs short, strong ; tilice outwardly channeled, the edges finely spined ; tarsi, 2nd joint shortest, 3rd longest. Abdomen convex above and beneath ; Connexivum narrow. 8j)ecies 1. — Corimel/ena Scauab^eoides. CxMEX ScAiUB^EOiDES, Liii. S. N. 1, 71G, 4 (1707) ; Fab. E. S. iv, SO, 37 (1794); U'W' Ic. Cim. 4, t. i, fig. 4 (ISOO). TuYiiEOCORis — SchrJc. F. Boic. ii, 09, 1090 (ISOl) ; llahn, Waiiz. ii, 47, t. 45, fig. 141 (1S34); Koleii. Md. Eul. iv, 9, 128 (1S4G). ODONTOSCELID.fl. 59 Tetyua Scaeab.eoides, Fab. S. E. 143, 70 (1803) ; Fall. Mon. Cim. 42, 3 (1807) ; Hem. Suec. IG, 6 (1829). Odontoscelis — Burm. Handb, ii, 385, i (1835) ; Germ. Zeits. i, 38, 3 (1839) ; E. Schf. Wanz. v, 34 (1839). Coia.MEL.?JNA — While, Mag. Nat. Hist, iii, 24 (1839); Fieh. Europ. Hem. 365 (1861). CoKEOMELAS — Am. et Serv. Hem. CS, i (1843); SaJiIb. Geoc. Pen. 17, 1 (184S) ; Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 150 (1S60). Black, metallic-shining, thickly punctured above and beneath. ILead : Antennce and also the tubercle piceous. Eyes piceous. Ocelli black. Bostrum light brown. Thorax. — Elytra; Memhrane whitish. Wings whitish. Tarsi piceous. Abdomen with extremely fine punctures. Length, 1^ — If lines. Scarce. Purley Downs, near Croydon, in spring, under fallen leaves; near Gloucester {W. V. Guise); Mickleham (^. G. Bye) \ on the sand-hills near Burnham {W. Wilson Saunders). Genus 2. — Odontoscelis, Lap. Elliptic, broad, very convex. Head very much deflected, very broad, convex, rounded to the front; Face; side lobes as long as the middle lobe. Antennw inserted half way between the eye and the rostrum in a direct line, 1st, 4th, and 5th joints in length and breadth subequal, 2nd shorter, 3rd two thirds the length of the 2nd, the 5th fusiform. Eyes small, subreniform. Ocelli small, distant. Rostrum reaching to the 3rd pair of coxae, the base in a deep channel, of which the sides are much produced; 2nd joint longest, 3rd joint rather longer than the 4th, but shorter than the 1st. Thorax. — Bronotum quadrangular, transverse, convex ; anteriorly wider than the head and eyes, anterior angles obtusely produced ; lateral margins rounded in front, near the hinder angle with a notch ; hinder angles broadly rounded ; posterior margin straight. Seutellum ybtj convex, as long as the abdomen and nearly as wide, leaving only a small portion at the side thereof and of the base of the corium visible. Elytra : the uncovered portion of the corium alone coriaceous, the rest membranous ; Membrane with 5 long 60 SCUTATINA. nerves. Sternum : Frosternum with a deep rostral channel, of which the end in front is widened and the raised margin extended to the base of the antennse, forming a channel for their reception ; 3Ieso- and Iletasternum with the rostral channel shallower; Pro- and Mesosterniim with a deep transverse channel. Legs, short, strong ; thiglis compressed ; tihice with short, fine spines ; on the outer side a channel, deepest in the first pair ; tarsi, 2nd joint short ; all the joints hairy beneath. Abdomen convex above and beneath ; Coiinexivum moderate. S/jecies 1. — Odoistoscelis fuliginosus. CiMEX FULIGINOSUS, Lim. S. N. i, 716, 8 (1767) ; FaL E. S. iv, 90, 42 (1794) ; JFolf, Ic. Cim. 50, t. 5, fig. 47 (1801). — LiTUKA, Fab. E. S. iv, 90, 43 (1794). Tjltyka FULiGmosA, Fad. S. R. 139, 50 (1803); Panz. E. G. 112, 14; Fall. Mon. Cim. 42, 2 (1807) ; Hem. Suec. 15, 5 (1829) ; Curl. B. E. xv, fig. 685 (1838). — LiTURA, Fab. S. R. 139, 51 (1803). ScuTELLERA FULiGiNOSA, Lai. Geu. Hi, 114, 4 (1807) ; Lam. Hist. Nat. ill, 491, 3 (1816) ; Schill. Arb. u. Verand. 100 (1843). Tettra carboxaria, ZcK, Act, Holm. 70, 19 (1819); Fall. Hem. Suec. 13, 3 (1829). Odontoscelis fuliginosus, Lap. Hem. 74 (1832); Purm. Ilaiidb. ii, 385, 3 (1835) ; H. Sch. Norn. Ent. i, 53 & 88 (1835); Am. el Serv. Hem. 69, 1 (1843); Kolen. Mel. Eut. iv, 5, 122 (1846) ; Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 152 (1800) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 378, 2 (1801). Ursocoris fuliginosa et litura, HaJm, Wanz. ii, 49 & 50, t. 40, fig. 142 & 143 (1834). Arctocoris — Germ. Zeits. i. 47, 1, (1839). Fuseo-luteous, black-punctured, slightly shining, covered with veiy short, depressed pile, the circumference with strong, projecting, yellow hairs. Underside pitchy black, finely pilose, punctured. Head black above and beneath. Antennce black or piceous. Ocelli very small, red. Rostrum luteous, the last two joints ])iccous. ODONTOSCELID.E. 61 Thorax. — Pronotum black in front, more or less luteous behind, on the posteinor half a central fine, lighter, longitudinal line, and sometimes on each side of this another similar, but ill defined ; sides coarsely punctured ; broadly incrassated, the incrassated portion widest in front, bounded inwardly by a deep, narrow, longitudinal, bent channel, in the middle of svhich is a deep fovea ; on the anterior third of the disk two transverse, lobate, scarcely raised, black spaces, of which the apex does not reach the centre, and the base rests upon the longitudinal channel. ScuteUiim luteous, more or less variegated with small black marks, the punctures wider apart than on the pronotum, the base usually black, towards the sides with a deep fovea ; in the centre a narrow, pale luteous line extends nearly the whole length, wider before its termination, and then bordered on each side with a short, thick, black line ; half way between tlie cen- tral line and the side, a thick, black line extends from the base to beyond the middle, ceasing abruptly ; this line is generally bordered with pale luteous, but it is sometimes broken into two or three pieces ; sometimes the ground colour of the scutellum is luteous almost without markings, at other times a piceous shade prevails. Elytra : the small uncovered portion of the corium piceous or luteo- piceous. Sternum black, finely punctured. Legs : Coxce luteous ; thiglis and tihicE piceous or black ; tarsi piceous. Abdomen piceous, darker at the sides ; Connexivum alternately black and luteous. Underside pitchy-black, punctured, shining, finely haired; the segments drawn up in the centre; in the $, on the -Ith and 5th, on each side of the middle, two, conjoined, trans- verse, large, oval, dull spots with transverse lines of golden hairs. Length, 3 — 3i lines. Deal. Family 3.— SCIOCORID^. Ge7ius 1. — SciocoRis, Fall. Egg-oval, slightly convex above, more convex beneath. Head almost flat, semi-ovate ; Face ; central lobe narrow, shorter than the side lobes which meet in front of it ; anterior margin with a scarcely perceptible notch. Anfennce rather short, slender ; tu- bercle small, pointed ; 1st joint stout, short ; 2ud long ; 3rd varies 6.2 SCUTATINA. in length ; 4tli and 5th of equal length, each longer than the 2nd. Eyes small, rounded, prominent. Ocelli small, distant. Eostrum reaching to the 3rd pair of coxae, very wide beyond the base ; 2nd joint long, 3rd and 4th very short, of equal length ; the sides of the rostral channel a little produced and rounded in front. Thorax. — Fronotum transverse, subquadrangular, very slightly convex, in front wider than the head, straight behind the head, but with the anterior angles suddenly produced and then cut off straight behind the eyes ; sides produced into a thin plate, almost straight, but gradually narrower, and rounded towards the obtuse anterior angles ; posterior margin nearly straight, but towards the hinder angles broadly rounded, the angles themselves acute ; posteriorly the disk is raised, especially within the hinder angles. Scutellum half the length of the abdomen, slightly convex, subtriangular, at the base much narrower than the abdomen, apex broadly rounded ; in the centre an indistinct keel. 'Elytra : Corium ; all the margins rounded ; 3£eml)rane with 5 long nerves. Sternum with a shallow rostral channel and 2 deep transverse channels for the fore and middle thighs. Legs short, strong ; tihice, o\iter side flat, the margins den- tate; tarsi strong, 1st and 3rd joints of equal length, 2nd very short. Abdomen convex beneath ; Connexivum very broad, not covered by the elytra. S/jecies 1. — Sciocouis terreus. CiMEX TEKEEUs, ScJir/c. Taun. Boic. sp. 1109 (ISOl). — tJMajrviNus, JFolf, Ic. Cim. Ii2, t. 11, fig. 13G (ISOl) ; Pu/iz. T. G. 93, 15. Cydnus — Fall. Mon. Cim. 51, 5 (1807). SciocoKis — Fall. Kern. Saec. 21, 1 (1829); Ha/m, Wanz. 1, 195, t. 31, fi^. 100 (1831) ; E. Sch. Nom. Ent. 1, 55 & 91 (1835); Biirm. Handb. ii, 373, 5 (1835); Ramb. Taun. And. ii, 120, 4 (1812); Am. et Serv. Hem. 120, 1 (1813); Sahib. Geoc. Een. 23, 1 (1818) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 358, ^10 (1861). — UiiBEiNA, Flor, Illiyu. Liv. i, 111, 1 (1860). — TERREUS, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 361, IS (1861). Dull, pale luteous, more or less shaded with brown, tliickly covered with fine black punctures. SCIOCORIDiE. (33 Head brown, margin delicately reflexed ; Crotvti witli a pale luteous central keel, which joins the base of the central lobe of the face ; on each side of the keel darker brown, interrupted by a pale curved line; Face; central lobe raised, pale luteous, darker at the sides. Underside sti'ongly and thickly black-punctured, especially in front. Anfennce : 3rd joint two thirds the length of the 2nd ; 1st piceous ; 2nd dark yellowish ; 3rd and 4th piceous, with the base and tip dark yellowish ; 5th piceous, the petiole pale. Fi/es black, moderate, projecting as far as the outer angle of the pronotum. Ocelli red, shining. Bostrum luteous, the last two joints black. Tliorax. — Pronotum with dark clouds of brown, sometimes hind- wardly clearer ; sides broadly pale luteous, margins delicately re- flexed ; in the centre a very slight tranverse, waved line, behind which the disk is a little depressed ; within the hinder angles a dis- tinct callus. Sciifelhim almost as long as the corium, the sides gradually receding to the broadly rounded apex ; the centre raised into a low, broad keel, exterior to which, on each side, is a depres- sion ; at the base, near the sides, two whitish, shining, slightly raised spots, outwardly and inwardly shaded with brown ; the inner shade extends to the centre of the base, but is interrupted by a faint yellowish line running diagonally to the keel. Elytra : Corium ; the nerves raised ; towards the centre two or three small black spots ; Membrane brown, with darker nerves. Sternum : centre and sides broadly black ; prosternum strongly black-punctured. Legs luteous ; tliiglis beneath, with brown punctures, which tend to form 2 or 3 irregular bands; t'lbioe ; spines black; tarsi piceous, the 1st joint paler. Abdomen beneath convex, strongl}^, distantly brown-punctured, rufo-luteous, centre paler, faintly bordered with rufous ; on each side of the centre, but distant from it, a broad, irregularly defined, black band, gradually narrower to, and ending on the 6th segment ; within the limits of this band the 1st and 2nd segments are quite black (the posterior margins excepted) ; on the middle of the 6th segment a large subquadrangular, black spot, which does not reach to the end of the longitudinal band ; or the under side is piceous, with central and lateral luteous lines ; Stigmata black, with a pearly- white spot and a brown shade attached to its inner side ; Conneccivum above and beneath alternatel}- broadly brown and luteous. Length, 2^—3 lines. Not common. Sand-hills at Deal, in spring and aiituum. fil SCUTATINA. Family 4.— EURYGASTRTDiE. Genus 1. — Eurygaster, Lap. Broad, oval, convex. Head deflected, broad, convex, triangular, rounded in front, the central lobe of the face not elevated. Antennce slender, gradually thicker from the base upwards, inserted near the eyes ; 1st joint short ; 2nd curved ; 2nd and 4th longer than the 1st ; 3rd shorter ; 5th longest, subfusiform. Eijes ; the portion which is above the lateral margin of the head, triangular, convex. Ocelli very small, distant. Mostrum reaching to the 3rd pair of coxa? ; the base in a channel, narrow in front and very wide and oval behind, where also the sides are produced ; 2nd joint tlie longest. Thorax. — Pronofum very convex, hexagonal, wider than long, anteriorly narrow, posteriorly very wide ; anterior margin rather longer than the width of the head, concave between the eyes and nearly straight behind them ; lateral margins nearly straight or rounded, delicately reflexed; hinder and posterior angles much rounded ; posterior margin straight, with a short furrow from within the hinder angles. Scutellum convex, with the base more raised, as long as the abdomen, but not so wide, leaving a broad portion of the elytra and abdomen uncovered ; sides straight, posteriorly broadly rounded ; the disk in the centre with a short keel. Elytra : anterior margin nearly straight ; Coriuni ; the uncovered portion coriaceous, widest at its base, gradually narrower till it meets the scutellum at the end of the straight part of its margin ; the covered portion mem- branous ; Memlrane with many (15 — 20) long nerves. Sternum : — Prosternum divided in the centre and produced on each side of the rostral channel into a thin plate, which is rounded oft' and raised at the sides and in front, forming, with the base of the head, a channel in which the antennae lie when at rest. Legs short, strong ; thighs flattened ; tibiae (espeoially the 1st pair) angulated, the margins raised and set with very short spines or teeth ; tarsi hairy beneath ; the 2nd joint shortest. Abdomen ovate, rather convex beneath ; the segments shorter in the centre than at the sides, their posterior margins vei'y concave, and that of the last spgjticnt deeply cut out for the reception of the EURYGASTRID.E. 65 genital segments, wliich fill the entire space so formed. Of the Genital segments beneath ; in the $ only one is visible, the surface is varied with slight elevations, the posterior margin concave in the centre, and thence sinuate to the sides : in the $ 3 segments are seen, the first 2 forming transverse, narrow, overlapping plates, of which the posterior margin in the centre is slightly notched, and thence rounded to the sides ; the third, on the joosterior margin, is in the centre sharply notched, and thence continued nearly straight to the points of the last abdominal segment. Connesivum hori- zontal, much rounded and widened posteriorly, and not covered by the elytra or scutellum. /Species 1. — Eurygaster maurus. CiMEX MAUKUS, Zw. F. S, 246, 913 (1761); Scop. Eat. Carn. 120, 352 (1763) ; Lin. S. N. 1, 716, 5 (1767) ; Rossi, F. E. ii, 227, 1290 (1790); Fab. E. S. iv, 87, 30 (1794); JFolf, Ic. Cim. 135, t. 13, fig. 129 r/, d, c, d (1801). Thyreocoris Austriaca, Schrank, E. B. ii, 68, 1095 (1801). Tetyra MAURA ct PicTA, Fab. S. R. 136, 36 & 38 (1803). — — Fall. Mod. Cim. 41, 1 (1807); Hem. Suec. 12, 2 (1829); Burm. Handb. ii, 390, 3 (1835); H. Sc/if. Nom. Ent. i, 53 & 89 (1835); Germ. Zeits. i, 73, 3 (1839) ; Ramb. Faun. And. ii, 100, 5 (1842). ScuTELLERA MAURA, L. Diif. Rech. Hem. 26 (1833). Bellocoris pictus, Ha/m, Wanz. ii, 45, t. 45, fi«f. 140 (1834). Odontotaksus maurus et pictus, Spin. Hem. 363, 4 & 5 (1837). Eurygaster — Am. et Serv. Hera. 53, 2 (1843); Sahlh. Geoc. Fen. 15, 1 (1848) ; Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 85, 1 (1860) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 1, 370, 3 (1861). — MAURA, Kolen. Mel. Ent. iv, 10, 129 (1846). Varies in colour from fulvous brown without markings to luteous with stripes and shades of brown ; smooth, slightly shining. Head deeply punctured above and beneath, central lobe of the face as long as the side lobes, narrowed in front. AntenncB yel- lowish-red, 4th joint piceous towards the tip, 5th piceous or black, 4th and 5th with very short hairs. Bostrum luteous, the last 2 joints piceous or black. Thorax. — Pronotum deeply punctured like the head; sides nearlv 5 G6 SCUTATINA. straight to tlie hinder angle ; on the first third of the disk an indis- tinct transverse siuuated line ; in the centre a faint longitudinal line. Scutellimi at the base crenate-punctate, the rest with finer punctures tlian the pronotum ; close to and touching the pronotum are two distant, small, ovate, whitish, shining nodules ; the central keel very short and ill defined. Elytra : the uncovered portion punctured like the scutellum. Sternum : — Prosternum black-punc- tured, especially towards the sides ; Meso- and Metasternum finer and more sparsely punctured. Legs luteous or reddish ; thighs beneath with black punctures in rows ; tihice with a row of connected black punctures on the inner side ; tarsi concolorous with the tibias, claws and pulvilli rather darker. Abdomen above black, smooth ; beneath luteo-ferrugineous, deli- cately black punctured; Connexivum horizontal, the upper side deflected, alternately broadly black and fulvous, coarsely punctured. Length, 4 — 5 lines. In the lighter-coloured examples the head and pronotum are tra- versed longitudinally by dark-brown stripes ; of these, on the pro- notum, one on each side of the pale central line is the more conspi- cuous : the scutellum is also more or less clouded w^ith brown, leaving thi'ee clear subovate patches ; the largest of these reaches from the apex nearly half the length upwards, the others are placed above this, but more towards the sides. Scopoli (' Ent. Carn.', p. 120), remarks that in all the varieties the colouring of the insect beneath is always the same. " Subtus autem in omnibus hisce meis varietatibus color unus et idem, nempe ferrugineus, punctis fuscis ubique variegatus." According to Leon Dufour this species is common in France upon the ears of wheat, which it pierces and sucks while they are in a green state. Folkestone, July to September. tSjK'cieS 2. EUKYG ASTER HoTTENTOTTUS. CiMEX HoTTENTOTTA, Fab. E. S. iv, 87, 31 (1794) ; Fan::. F. G. Ill, 7. TuYKEocoKis cucuLLATA, SclirJc. F B. ii, C8, 1091 (1801). Texyha IIottentotta, Fab. S. 11. 13G, 37 (1803) ; Fam. Haiidb. ii, 390, 2 (1835); II. Schf. Norn. E.it. 1, 53 (1835) ; Gem. Zcifs. 1, 73, 2 (1839) ; llumb. Faun. And. ii, 101, G (1842). EURYGASTRID/E. 67 Tetyra nigra, Fab. S. R. 136, 39 (1S03). CiMEX MAURus, Wolff, Ic. Ciiii. 135, t. 13, fig. 129 h (1804). EuKYGASTER IIoTTEXTOTTUs, Lap. Hem. 69 (1832). Bellocoris MAURUS, Bahi, Wanz. ii, 44, t. 45, tig. 139 (1834). EuRYGASTER HoTTENTOTTUS, Am. et Serv. Hem. 53, 1 (1843) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 369, 2 (1861). — HoTTENTOTA, KoleH. Mel. Ent. iv, 12, 131 (1846). Very broad throughout, slightly shining. Varies in colour from brown-ochreous to black, finely punctured all over, still finer on the scuteJlum, the punctures either concolorous or black. Head wide ; Face ; the central lobe not so long as the side lobes, which meet in front and enclose it. Thorax.— Pronotum ; the sides gently rounded, at the hinder angles very much rounded ; on the 1st third of the disk a delicate transverse line which does not reach the sides, before this line and towards its ends are usually two, nearly smooth, angulated spaces : in some specimens these latter characters are not present. Scutellum ; the raised basal portion crenate-punctate ; behind this is the central keel, broad and dwarf, but distinct, ending at about frds of the length of the scutellum, the disk sloping thence roof like (not convex) to the sides. Abdofnen. — Connexivum rather strongly punctured. Length, G lines. Rare : a single specimen, captured casually by Mr. Ernest Adams, is of the brown-ochreous type ; the antennie yellow, with the 4th joint piceous towards the apex, and the 5th joint black, except the base, which is narrowly yellow ; the base of the jy^'onohim is narrowly black, the colour curving upwards at the junction of the hinder and posterior margins, widening and forming two broad, out-curving bands, which suddenly stop before they reach the centre of the disk ; exterior to these, within each hinder angle, is a distinct black spot ; there is a similar spot on the base of the Corium, and on its sides two black lines. Connexivum with indistinct dark spots. This species is at once distinguished from E. maurus by its greater size, and by the central lobe of the face not reaching the anterior margin. 68 SCUTATINA. Family b.~MLlWM. Genus 1. — ^UA, Fab. Head triangular, elongated, curved, thick. Antennce slender, flat- tened ; tubercles small, appressed, inserted near, but anterior to each eye, pointing obliquely inwards, ^ycs round, small, but rather prominent. Ocelli very small, distant. Rostrum long, slender, 2nd joint the longest, 3rd and 4th of about equal length, shorter than the first ; rostral channel deep, wide in front, the sides much produced. Thorax. — Pronotum hexagonal, convex, hinder sides short, much rounded. Scutelliom more than half the length of the abdomen, but not nearly so wide, sides slightly sinuate, end rounded. Elytra : Corium with the posterior margin rounded ; lleinhrane with 7 long nerves. Sternum with a rostral channel ; Prosfernum on each side ■with a shallow transverse channel ; the anterior margin is divided in the centre, and produced into 2 thin plates over the base of the head, forming a channel for the antenna? when at rest. JLer/s mode- rate ; thighs compressed ; tihicB outwardly flattened, the margins reflexed; tarsi ; 1st joint longer and stouter than the 3rd; 2nd joint shortest. Abdomen ovate, convex beneath ; Connexivum horizontal, narrow, a little wider on the 6th segment. The genital segments in the $ are not visible on the upper side, but in the ? they project beyond the last abdominal segment, the posterior margin of the last being nearly straight. Sjiecies 1. — ./Eli a acuminata. CiMEX ACUMiNATUs, Lin. r. S. 251, 939 (1761); S. N. 1, 723, 59 (1767). MiAK ACUMINATA, Curt. B. E. XV, pi. 701 (1838). — NEGLECTA, Ball. Cat. Hem. 1, 223, 3 (1851). — PALLIDA, Kiist. Stett. Eut. Zeit. 13, 394, 4 (1S52) ; Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 121, 2 (1860) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 352, 5 (1861). Elliptic, narrow and pointed in front, flavous or ochreous, with a green tinge, thickly and finely black-punctured, and down the centre of the insect a black stripe, gradually widening as far as ^LIID.E. 69 the base of the pronotum, and theu couverging to a poiut at the end of the scutellum, a strong, raised, yellow line being in the centre of the black stripe. Head. — Face ; central lobe yellow, hindwardly a little raised, the apex pointed, depressed ; side lobes convex, much longer than the central lobe, meeting together and enclosing it ; apex of each rounded, leaving a small notch between them ; sides at first almost parallel, then perceptibly constricted, afterwards widened out and slightly sinuate, the margins closely black-punctured. In the middle of the head is a black, punctured stripe, beginning in a point at the apex, gradually widening almost as far as the base of the central lobe, and theu continued with straight sides to the base of the head ; in the middle of this stripe, dividing it into two, is first the central yellow lobe, and then a line of the same width and colour continued from its base to the base of the head. Antenme red, the base yellowish, apex brown ; 1st and 2nd joints short, subequal ; 3rd nearly twice as long as the 2nd ; 4th and 5th subequal, each a little longer than the 3rd, and much thicker. JSi/es black, rounded. Ocelli red. nos- trum reaching to the 3rd pair of coxa? ; rostral channel at first wide, oval, with the sides thick, then constricted and shallow, but suddenly raised into thin plates, which end abruptly at the base of the head ; viewed sideways across the constricted part, a portion of the sides ajjpears to have been roundly cut out. Thorax. — Pronotum; anteriorly straight, as wide as the head and eyes ; sides long, nearly straight, a little constricted in the middle ; margins incrassated, yellowish, posteriorly obtusely dentate ; hinder sides rounded, deflected ; posterior margin straight. Down the centre of the disk, in continuation of the stripe on the head, is a broad, black, punctiu-ed stripe, gradually wider to the posterior margin, and hindwardly fainter in coloui", divided down the centre by a smooth, raised, yellow line, and bounded on the sides by a slighter yellow line ; within the lateral margin a narrower, black, punctured stripe, lying posteriorly in a groove, on the outer side of which, witliin the hinder angles, the disk is much raised ; the space between the central and lateral black stripes is of the luteous ground colour, with concolorous finer punctures and indications of lines. Scutellum ; at the basal angles a very short black line ; in the centre a broad black-punctured stripe, gradually decreasing in width and colour to the apex, where it ends in a point ; in tlie centre of the 70 SCUTATINA. stripe is a smooth, raised yellow line, whicli decreases with it in width ; and on each side is the indication of a smooth line ; the rest of the scutellum is of the luteous ground colour, with concolorous punctures finer than those in the stripe. Elytra : Corium kiteous or ochreous, with a greenish tinge, the anterior margin concolor- ously punctured as far inwards as the first nerve, which is strong, smooth, raised, and yellow ; within this black-punctured, finer than on the pronotum ; Membrane transparent. Wings transparent, the base of the nervures black. Sternum luteous, finely punctured ; Prosternnm ; the plates of the divided segment produced anteriorly ; reflexed and rounded off to behind the eyes. Legs yellow; thighs beneath, delicately brown-punctured, with two contiguous black dots beyond the middle ; tilice with very fine short hairs, the first pair finely brown-punctured ; tarsi yellow, the margins of the joints beneath and tlie claws brown. Abdomen above, black, with a yellow line in the middle of the 6th segment ; Connexivum yellow. Underside luteous, with concolorous fine punctures and 4 series of very fine black jjunctures, fainter on the 5th and 6th segments ; stigmata black. Length, Sv? — 4 lines. Local. Darenth Wood, June ; Weybridge, amongst grass, August. Genus 2. — J^lioides, A. DoJirn. Sub-elliptic, narrowed in front. Head deflected and curved, especially in front, broad, subtrian- gular; Face; apex rounded, notched in the centre; sides much rounded, slightly sinuate ; side lobes outwardly raised, inwardly depressed, meeting beyond and enclosing the central lobe, which is narrow, yet well defined, but at its fine apex depressed. AntenncB; each inserted on a stout tubercle rising near but anterior to each eye, and pointing forward, with its outer side produced into a short, blunt spine; 1st joint short; 2nd and 3rd slender, 3rd as long as the first, 2nd -Jrd longer ; 4th and 5th stout, 4th as long as the 2nd, 5th longest, fusiform. Eyes small, prominent, inner and posterior sides straight, outwardly rounded. Ocelli small, distant. JRostrum reach- ing beyond the 2nd pair of coxa? ; 1st joint short, 2nd very long, 3rd short, wide and flat, 4th longer tban the 3rd ; the base lies in a ^LIID^. 71 short, oval channel, the sides of which are much produced and rounded. Thorax. — Pronotum almost hexagonal, convex ; hindwardly, espe- cially within the hinder angles, much raised ; in front nearly straight, wider than the head, anterior angles produced into a small tooth ; sides widely divergent, lateral margin wide, incrassated, posteriorly ending abruptly ; hinder and posterior angles much rounded ; pos- terior margin, opposite the scutellum, straight. Scutellum frds the length of the abdomen, subtriangular, base not so wide as the abdo- men, sides slightly sinuate, apex broadly rounded. Elytra: Gorium ; posterior margin rounded ; Memhrane with 5 nerves. Sternum : Prosternum ; rostral channel very wide, the plate on each side much produced, raised, and rounded off" ; transverse channel deep ; Meso- sternum ; the rostral channel wide and shallow. Legs short, stout ; if A /[^f/is compressed; tilicB outwardly flattened, slightly hairy; tarsi strongly hairy beneath, 1st joint longer and stouter than the 3rd, 2nd shortest. Abdomen semi-elliptic, convex beneath ; Connexiviiiii moderate, of equal breadth throughout, horizontal. Species 1. — tElioides inflexa. Cydnus inplexus, Wolff, Ic. Cim. 188, t. 3 8, fig. 182 (1811). CiMEX PERLATUS, Fall. Hem. Suec. 32, 18 (1829). Eysarcokis iNFLExus, Hdhi, Wanz. ii, 129, t. 70, fis^. 210 (lS3i). iELiA INELEXA, Rumb. Faun, And. ii, 106, 2 (1842) ; Am. et Serv. Hem. 134, 2 (1843) ; Sahib. Geoc. Fen. 29, 39 (1848) ; Flor, Rliyn. Liv. i, 124, 3 (18G0). Pentatoxia iNFLEXuM,'Zr. Schf. Nom. Ent. i, 55 & 92 (1835) ; Wauz. vii, 93 (1844). SciocoRis INFLEXUS, Kolen. Mel. Eut. iv, 31, 153 (lS46j. Pentatoma inflexa, Gorski, Anal. 76, 42 (1852). — lineolata, Muls. An. Soc. Lin. 84 (1852). ^LioiDES inflexa, Dohm, Stett. Eut. Zeit. 21, 101 (1860). PLATisoLEN INFLEXUS, Fleb. Europ. Hem. 334, 3 (1861). Luteous, shining, thickly and finely black-punctured. Head piceous or bronzed, lighter at the sides, coarsely punctured ; on the Crown a yellow line mostly extending to the central lobe of the face, at each side of this line another shorter and finer. Anfemiai ; 72 SCUTATINA. tubercle yellow, the spine piceous ; the first 3 joints yellow, the 4th and 5th black. IJi/es piceous, hindwardly yellow. Ocelli reddish. Bostrum luteous, the labrum darker, last joint piceous ; the curved margin of the rostral channel yellow. Underside of the head rugosely black-punctured. Thorax. — Pronotum ; in tlie centre a longitudinal, fine, yellow line ; from this on the anterior 3rd a many-sinuated, faint, transverse line extends to the lateral margins j close to this anteriorly are two longish, narrow, irregular smooth spaces. Scufellum with a fine pale line down the centre, at the extremity of which is a dark spot, the base often shaded with brown, on the outer margins a very narrow black spot, joined to which is a pale-yellow, shining, comma-shaped spot. Elytra : Cormin punctured like the scutellum and pronotum ; memhraiie piceous or fuscous. Sternum pale luteous, sparsely black- punctured, more thickly at the sides and in front ; rostral channel black, Leys : coxce and thighs pale luteous, the latter with brown punctures in longitudinal rows, two or three punctures towards the apex larger and darker than the rest ; tihice darker towards the tip ; tarsi luteous, 3rd joint piceous. Length, 2\ — 3 lines. Local. Dartford Brent ; Weybridge ; in July and August. Family 6.— PODOPID^. Genus 1, — Podops, Lap. Elliptic, convex ; pronotum armed at the anterior angles ; eyes prominent. Head subquadrangular, widest behind the eyes ; Face rounded in front, central lobe scarcely so long as the side lobes, leaving an apical notch. Antennts short ; the tubercles at the base of the eyes, the outer side produced into a short, obtuse, curved spine ; 1st joint stout, 2nd slender^ shorter ; 3rd and 4th stouter than the 2nd, in length subequal, nearly as long as tlie 1st ; 5th longest and stoutest, fusi- form ; Eyes semi-oval, very prominent, not touching the pronotum. Ocelli prominent, distant. Rostrum reaching to the 3rd pair of coxa?, slender, basal joint in a channel the sides of which are much produced. Thorax. — Pronottim convex, hexagonal, anterior margin longer than the width of the head, a little concave, with a stout process at each PODOPIDiE. 73 anterior angle, sides straiglit, margins broadly reflexed, terminat- ing posteriorly in a tooth ; hinder angles rounded ; hinder sides de- flected ; posterior margin straight ; disk in front, raised into a short, central, longitudinal keel, on each side of which is a furrow ex- tending to the anterior angle, on the inner side of the process. SciiteUum nearly as long as the abdomen, but not so wide ; convex, subquadrangular, rounded behind, sides slightly sinuate. Elytra: Corncm ; the portion uncovered by the scutellum alone coriaceous, the rest membranous ; Memhrcme with 5 long nerves. Sternum without rostral channel ; Prosternum on each side with a transverse channel. Legs short, stout ; tihice with short hairs, 1st pair angu- lated ; tarsi hairy beneath, 2nd joint very small. Abdomen convex above and beneath ; Connexivum narrow, the sides posteriorly not covered by scutellum or elytra. Species 1. — Podops inunctus. CiMEX INUNCTUS, Fcib. E. S. iv, 90. 45 (1794); Panz. F. G. 36, 24; Wolff, Ic. Cim. 5, t. 1, fig. 5 (ISOO). Tetyra inuncta et Tangiea, Fab. S. R. 139, 53 & 138, 49 (1803). — Tangira, Fall. Hem. Suec. 16, 7 (1829). PoDOPS iKUNCTUs, Lajp. Hem. 72 (1832) ; Bum. Handb. ii, 387, 2 (1835) ; Spin. Hem. 372, 1 (1837) ; Germ. Zeits. i, 63,1 (1839); Am. et Serv. H^m. 57, 1 (1843); Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 78 (1860) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 350 (1861). Tetyra inuncta, H. Sch. Nom. Eut. i, 53 & 89 (1S35). PoDOPS Tangirus, Oerm. Zeits. i, 66, 6 (1839). ? — sicuLUS, Costa. Anu. See. Eut. ^r. x, 301, 12, pi. 6, fig. 8 (1841). Dull, dark luteous, thickly black-punctate, smooth. Head black, rvigosely punctured, central lobe elevated into a keel, margin of side lobes rounded and reflexed. Underside black, rugosely punctured. Antenna black, subpilose ; 1st joint piceous, the base and tip of all the joints (except the tip of the 5th) narrowly luteous. .E'yes and oe(^?/^ black. Bostrum luieoM^ \ terminal joint black. TJiorax. — Pronotum dark luteous, thickly and deeply black-punc- tured, the punctures in irregular, transverse, sinuous rows ; the process at the anterior angles securiform ; posterior to the frontal furrow, a transverse, slightly raised, sinuous line ; before this line, by 74 SCUTATTNA. the proximity of the punctures, the disk is black. Scutellum dark luteous, black -punctured ; the punctures, except at the base, finer than on the pronotum, base raised in a triangular form, the apex of which is extended down the centre ; close to the pronotum 3 equidistant white, shining, nodules ; one central, the others close to tlie basal angles, which are black and depressed. Elytra : the uncovered poi-tion of the Gorium dark luteous, black-punctured like the scutellum. Sternum black, rugosely punctured. J^egs and coxce pale luteous ; tliighs beneath with 2 large band-like brown spots, one being beyond the middle, the other at the tip ; tihice ; 1st pair on the inside with a black line the whole length ; 2nd pair on the inside with a black spot at the base and a brown shade at the tip ; tar^si light brown, third joint black. Abdomen above black ; beneath ferruginous, lightly black-punc- tured ; Connexivum luteous, black-punctured. Length, 2f — 3 lines. Not uncommon in sandy places among the roots of grass in spring and autumn. Near London; Folkestone; Deal; Holm Bush, Sussex (TFoI- laston) . Family 7.— PENTATOMID^. Goius 1. — Eysarcoris, Ilakn. Short, stout, broad-oval, pointed in front, convex. Head much deflected, quadrangular, thick ; Croicn slightly convex ; Face; central lobe broad, reaching the anterior margin, which is widely notched ; side lobes a trifle longer than the central lobe, at the apex rounded. Antcnnce : tubercles short, stout, inserted ob- liquely anterior to the eyes, the apex outwardly produced into a short, blunt spine ; 2nd and 4th joints in length subequal, longer than the 3rd ; 5th longest and broadest, fusiform. Eyes moderate prominent, 3-sided, outwardly rounded. Ocelli distant. Hostrum rising at the anterior margin of the head, reaching to the 2nd seg- ment of the abdomen, 2nd joint longest, 1st and 3rd joints widened ; rostral channel short, sides produced and rounded before and behind. Tliorax. — Pronotum convex, short, hexagonal, posteriorly very broad, the side and hinder margins converging into a more or less PENTATOMIDiE. 75 obtuse and projecting point, of which the sides are much rounded ; front a little wider than the head, concave, anterior angles cut oflf straight ; sides more or less sinuate ; posterior angles rounded, pos- terior margin, as far as the base of the scutellum, straight ; the disk hindwardly at the broadest part much raised, before and behind this much deflected. Scutellum convex, more than half as long as the abdomen, but not so broad, sides much sinuate, apex broadly rounded. EJijtva : Corium ; anterior margin sinuate ; posterior margin rounded ; Memlrane with 5 long nerves. Sternum without transverse channels ; rostral channel very slight. Letjs moderate ; tihi(S finely haired ; tarsi ; 1st joint as long as the 3rd, 2nd short. Ahdomen short, semi-elliptic, very convex beneath. Sjjec'ies 1. — EysARCoRis melanocephalus. CiMEX MELANOCEPHALUS, Fab. E. S. 12, 176 (1794); Wolff, Ic. Cim. fig. 134 (1811); Panz.Y. G. 26, 24. CYD^-TJs — Fab. S. R. 187, 14 (1803). Eysarcoius — Zra/;«, Wauz. ii, 66, t. 70, fig. 211 (1834). EusARCOKis — i?'/?/^. Euiop. Hem. 332, 1 (1861). Shining, whitish clouded with brown, punctured ; pronotxim in front with two large, subquadrate, coppery-black patches, and a large triangular patch of the same colour at the base of the scu- tellum . Head coppery -black, rugosely punctate. Antennce : 1st and 2nd joints luteous ; 3rd more or less piceous ; 4th and 5th black, the base narrowly luteous. Eyes brown. Ocelli small, red. Bostrum luteous ; lahrum and 3rd and -kth. joints brown. Tliorax. — Pronotum ; sides nearly straight, at the broadest part of the disk a little produced, hinder angles much rounded ; lateral margins yellowish, delicately bordered with black, at the anterior angles a very minute tooth ; disk across the centre whitish, in front a large subquadrate patch at each side, separated by a small trian- gular space of the ground colour ; hinder portion shaded with brown. Scutellum whitish, shaded with brown, base with a large, trian- gular, coppery-black patch. Eli/tra : Corium whitish shaded with brown ; Memhraiie brown. Sternum strongly punctured, coppery- black, with a white patch on each side of the centre. Lef/s pale yellow ; thii/hs with a few, scattered brown punctures, two large 76 SCUTATINA. coppery-black spots beyond the middle and towards the under side, and two small spots at the apes, one above, the other beneath 5 tihice, at their insertion, with two black dots above and one beneath; tarsi luteous ; 1st and 2nd joints at the tip, and the 3rd wholly, piceous. Abdomen convex, above black, beneath coppery-black, punctured finer than the sternum ; Connexivum moderate, of equal breadth throughout ; above and beneath black, with marginal, triangular yel- low spots. Length, 3 lines. Darenth "Wood, Kent, by sweeping, in June. Sjjecies 2. — Eysarcouis ^neus. CiMEX ^NEUS, Scop. Ent. Cam. 122, 358 (1763). — EUCATUs, Rossi, E. E. 13, 11 (1790). — PERLATTJS, Fab. E. S. iv, 125, 177 (1794) ; Wolff, Ic. Cim. 08, t. 7, fio-. 65 (1801) ; Fall. Mou. Cim. 50. IS (1807) ; Hem. Suec. 32, 18 (1829). Cydnus — Fab. S. E. 187, 15 (1803). Eysakcoris perlatus, Hahii, Wanz. ii, 67, t. 51, fig. 155 (1834). Pentatoma perlatum, //. Schf. Wanz. vii, 93 (1844). Eysarcoris ^neum, Kolen. Mel. Ent. iv, 32, 156 (1840). EusARCORis ^NEUS. Fieb. Europ. Hem. 332, 2 (1861). Shining, whitish shaded with dusky or brown, punctured ; pt'onotum in front, with two large subquadrate coppery -black patches ; . scutellum, with a large white nodule at each basal angle. Sead coppery-black, rngosely punctured ; Crown with a central whitish line. Antennce : first 3 joints luteous, with a brown line beneath ; ■ith black, the base luteous ; 5th black. Eyes brown. Ocelli small, brown. Sostrum luteous; lahrum and 3rd and 4tli joints brown. Thorax. — Fronotum ; sides sinuate, especially towards the poste- rior angles, which are much produced, forming an obtuse point projecting beyond the base of the elytra ; lateral margins whitish, in front a little widened, anterior angles sharp, but not toothed ; disk in front with two large, subquadrate, coppery-black patches, of which the inner angle is bordered by a strong white line, the tri- angular space between the patches and the centre of the disk whitish, posterior and lateral portions of the disk dusky. Scutellum PENTATOMID.E. 11 -whitish, shaded with dusky; iu the centre an interrupted, faint whitish line ; at each basal angle a large, ovate, oblique, shining white nodule, Elytra : Corium whitish, shaded with brown ; Metn- Irane brownish. Sternum strongly punctured, luteous, the sides more or less black. Legs pale yellow ; thiglis with black-brown punctures in rows, and beyond the middle with a large sub-annular black spot ; tihicB more or less black-punctured in rows, and two larger spots on the outer side near the base ; tarsi piceous, the base of each joint paler. Abdomen above black, beneath finely punctured, coppery-black, laterally with a regular, broad yellowish band, and more centrally on the posterior segments with an irregular broad yellowish band; stigmata black ; Connexivum above, externally yellow, with narrow black interruptions ; internally black ; beneath yellow with narrow black intervals. Length, 2\ — 3 lines. Scarce. New Forest {Bev. T. A. MarshaU). Genus 2. — Pentatoma, Latr. Oval, sub triangular iu front. Head elongate; Face widened before the eyes, then gradually narrower and rounded to the apex; side lobes wide, central lobe narrow. Antennce moderate or slender. Eyes moderate. Ocelli small. Bostrum 4-jointed, slender, reaching at least to the 2nd pair of coxse, 2nd joint longest ; rostral channel shallow, sides a little produced in front. Thorax. — Pronotum very broad, subconvex, hexangular, hinder angles rounded, or sometimes much produced. Scutellum at least I the length of the abdomen, subtriangular, base convex, sides sinuate, being constricted beyond the middle. Elytra generally not covering the connexivum ; Corium, outer margin rounded, pos- terior margin straight or rounded; Memlrane with 7 — 9 nerves. Sternum : Prosternum ; on each side a transverse channel ; Meso- sternum with a slight keel. Leys moderate ; tihice outwardly with the margins reflexed, forming a long channel; tarsi; 1st and 3rd joints in length subequal, or the 1st longest, 2ud short. Abdomen, above subconvex, beneath convex ; Connexivum generally recurved. 78 SCUTATINA. Species 1. — Pentatoma nigricorne. CiMEx NiGRicoKNis, Fub. E. S. iv. 9-i, 59 (1794) ; S. R. 157, 8 (1803) ; JFolff, Ic. Cim. 138, t. 14, fig. 132 (1804) ; Fall. Mou. Cim. 47,'9 (1807) ; Hem. Suec. 27, 9 (1829); Burm. Handb. ii, 369, 15 (1835) ; Ramb. F. And. ii, 124, 11 (1842). — Eryngii, Germ. Reis. Dalm. 283, 479 ; F. Ins. Eur. 2, 21 (1813). Pentatoma nigkicoknis et Eryngii, Halm, Wanz. ii, 58 & 59, t. 48, fig. 147 & 148 (1834). — NIGRICORNE et VARiUM, //. Schf. Nom. Eut. i, 5G & 93 (1835). — — //. Schf. Wanz. vii, 95 (1844) ; Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 138,6 (]860). Carpocoris nigricornis et Eryngii, Kolen. Mel. Eut, iv, 46, 170, & 47, 171 (1846). MoRMiDEA — SaJilh. Geoc. Fen. 30, 1 (1848) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 335, 3 (1861). Pentatoma melanocera. Huh. An. Soc. Liu. 90 (1852). Very variable in colour and size. Greenish, ochreous-brown, brown-red, or red with more or less black streaks or spots. Finely punctured. Antennce black, 1st joint reddish. Hinder angles of the 'pronotum produced into a prominent, broad, ob- tuse, up-curving point, of which the apex is broadly black. Membrane smoke-brown. Legs yellowish or reddish. Ochreous brown. Head deflected, long, very slightly convex ; Crown on each side with two fine, black lines ; Face ; outer margins of the side lobes nearly straight, black, at the tip rounded, inner margin straight ; central lobe as long as the side lobes. Antenna rather short ; tubercles yellowish, at the apex outwardly a fine short spine; 1st joint not reaching the end of the head; 2nd ;^rd longer than the 1st; 3rd subequal ; 4th and 5th subequal, longer than the 2nd. JEyes brown. Ocelli distant. Bostntm luteous, witii a central dark line, tip black. Thorax. — Pronotum in front deflected at the same angle as the head ; anterior margin in the centre straight, anterior angles much produced, cut off obliquely behind the eyes, outwardly acute ; sides PENTATOMIDiE. 79 widely divergent, sinuate, yellow, margins reflexed ; hinder angles very prominent, forming a broad, angular, obtuse, up-curving black point ; hinder sides narrowly yellow, gently rounded into the straight posterior margin. On the 1st third of the disk are two irregular, transverse, smooth spaces, with a few black punctures in their centre ; from the anterior angles, within the yellow sides, is a broad, black- punctured streak ; black punctures are also, but less thickly, spread within the yellow sides to and within the black hinder angles ; on the central portion of the disk the punctures are not black. ScuieUum crenate-punctate, the punctures black, and stronger than those on the pronotum ; apex paler than the base. Elytra : Corium paler and finer black-punctured than the pronotum ; anterior and posterior margins a little rounded; Membrane with 7 nerves, smoke-brown, with a dark cloud at the inner basal angle and within the anterior margin. Sternum yellowish, finely punctured. Legs : thighs pale yellowish ; beneath very finely haired, delicately black-punctured, and with a fine, longitudinal, central black line, and a black spot at the apex; tihice i^iuk J ; tarsi pinky; 1st joint longer and stouter than the 3rd ; 3rd black at the sides. Abdomen, above black ; Connexiviim black and red alternately. Underside finely punctured, yellowish -brown, sides paler. Length, 5^ — 6 lines. Eare. Two specimens taken casually by Mr. J. J. Eeading, in Devonshire, and one in the same county by Mr. Saunders. Flor (' Rhyn. Liv.,' p. 142) gives Fentatoma fuscispinum, Bohem., as a closely allied but distinct species, and remarks that "it is easy to be distinguished by the difference in the form of the pronotum. "With us as yet I have found no transition from one to the other." Tet, after pointing out the differences, he concludes his remarks by saying, that " the intermediate forms (Uebergangsformen) are to be considered as bastards, and not varieties." Fieber, however, in his remarks on Flor's work in the ' Wiener Entomol. Monatsschrift,' 18G3, says without any doubt that P. fiiscispinum is synonymous with P. nigricorne. Cimex lunula, Fab., and Carpocoris bilunulata, Kolen., are quoted by authors as synonymous of Cimex varius. Fab., but they are all probably, varieties of P. nigricorne, Fab. 80 SCUTATINA. Species 2. — Pentatoma Baccarum. CiMEX Baccakum, Lin. F. S. 928 (1701) ; S. N. 1, 721, 45 (17G7). — Verbasci, De G. Mem. iii, 257, 4, pi. 14, fig. 5 (1773). — Baccarum, Fab. E. S. iv, 117, 144 (1794) ; S. E. 172, 92 (1803) ; Fanz. F. G. 33, 20; IFolff, Ic. Cim. 60, t. 6, fig. 57 (1801); Fall. Mou. Cim. 48, 13 (1807); Hem. Suec. 29, 13 (1826) ; Zett. Faun. Ins. Lap. i, 464, 5 (1828) ; Ins. Lap. 260, 6 (1840) ; Bum. Handb. ii, 369, 13 (1835) ; Ramb. F. And. 124, 10 (1842). Pentatoma Baccaktjm, Le F. et Sen. Enc. x, 57, 20 (1825) ; Hahn, Wanz. ii, 63, t. 50, fig. 152 (1834) ; SaJilb. , Geoc. Fen. 26, 1 (1848) ; Flor, Rbyn. Liv. i, 137, 5 (1860). Carpocoris — Kolen. Mel. Eut. iv, 53, 181 (1846). MoRMiDEA — Fieh. Europ. Hem. 335, 1 (1861). Distinctly hairy. Luteous, ocbreous, or with a purple tinge, deeply black-punctured. Apex of scutellum broadly yellow. AntenncB and connexivum alternately black and yellow. Le^s luteous, finely black-punctured. Underside luteous or rufo- luteous, with black punctures in longitudinal series. Head rugose, black-punctured: Face; sides straight, apical margin reflexed, central lobe raised, well defined, not so long as the side lobes, leaving an apical notch. Autennce : tubercle at the top produced outwardly into a distinct blunt spine ; 1st and 3rd joints in length subequal, each not half the length of the 2nd ; 4th as long as the 2nd ; 5th not so long as the 4th. The tubercle and 1st joint yellow ; 2nd black, the base broadly yellow, except a fine black line continued down the inner side ; 3rd and 4th black, base and apex yellow ; 5tli black, the base alone yellow. F^es brown. Ocelli brown. Thorax.— Pronotum subconvex ; anterior margin concave, anterior angles produced, cut off" obliquely behind the eyes, outwardly not acute ; sides widely divergent, margins broadly reflexed ; hinder angles rounded, not produced ; hinder sides short, straight, deflected ; posterior margin slightly concave ; disk with round, deep punctures, and a lateral fovea ; in front flattened, deflected ; sides rugose, some- times black ; posteriorly convex, and raised within the hinder angles. PENTATOMIDiE. 81 Scutellum ; apex narrow, rounded, broadly yellowish, the punctures in the centre of the base distant. Eh/tra : Gorium ; anterior and posterior margins slightly rounded ; disk finer punctured than the pronotum ; across the base a black patch ; Membrane brownish, transparent, with 8 nerves shaded on each side with a darker tint ; at the inner basal angle a black spot, and a larger, distinct one beyond. Wings diaphanous, with a greenish shade ; from the an- terior margin, opposite the spot on the membrane, a crescent- formed, dark cloud extends across to the fold. Legs ochreous, finely black-punctured, and with long hairs ; on the tJ/ighs beneath, beyond the middle, one or two black spots larger than the rest, and a black spot within the apex ; tibice beneath, with a black spot at the base, the inner side of the apex also black ; tarsi hairy, 1st joint except the base, and the 3rd joint, black ; 2nd and base of the 1st, yellow. Abdomen above subconvex, black ; Gonnexivicm black, with a large subquadrate, yellow spot in the middle of each segment. Underside rufo-luteous, with 4 longitudinal series of black punctures, more or less distinct. Length, 4i — 5^ lines. Common in autumn. Species 3. — Pentatoma Juniperinum. CiMEx JuNiPERiNus, Lin. F. S. 2i9, 930 (1761) ; S. X. 1, 722, 48 (1767) ; De G. Mem. iii, 231 & 253, i, pi. 13, fig. 1, 2 (1773) ; Fab. E. S. iv, 109, 113 (1794) ; S. 11. 167, 60 (1S03); Pam. E. G. 33, 14; Wolf, lo.Cim. 51, t. 6, fig. 51 (ISOl) ; Fall. Mon. Citn. 47, 12 (1807) ; Hem. Suec. 28, 11 (1829) ; Zeii. P. Ins. Lap. i, 465, 7 (1828) ; Ins. Lap. 260, 7 (1840). Pentatoma Juniperina, Ha/iu, Wanz. ii, 61, t. 49, fig. 150 (1834) ; Am. el Serv. Hem. 132, 5 (1843); Sahib. Geoc. Pen. 26, 3 (1848). — Juniperinum, H. Sch. Nom. Ent. i, 56, 92 (1835) ; Flor, Ilhyn. Liv. i, 132, 2 (1860). Carpocoris Juniperina, Kolen. Mel. Ent. iv, 50, 175 (1846). Pentatoma Juniperi, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 336, 3 (1861). Deep green above and beneath, slightly shining, very finely punc- tured ; sides of the pronotum, base of the anterior margin of the 6 82 SCUTATINA. elytra, apex of tlie scutellum, and the outer side of the con- nexivii/m, yellow ; antennce and legs black. Head subconvex ; Face in fx'ont with a small notch ; central lobe nearly as long as the side lobes. Antennce : tubercle short, outwardly produced into a short, blunt spine ; 1st joint short ; 2nd three times as long as the 1st ; 3rd f rds the length of the 2nd ; 4th and 5th in length subequal, nearly as long as the 2nd. Bostncm reaching beyond the 3rd pair of coxae, black. Thorax. — Pronotum ; anterior margin straight in the centre, an- terior angles produced, cut off obliquely behind the eyes, exteriorly acute ; sides widely divergent, a little rounded ; margins reflexed, yellow ; hinder angles obtuse, not produced ; hinder sides deflected, nearly straight ; posterior margin straight ; disk in front flattened and deflected, with two smooth, irregular, transverse spaces on the first third ; posteriorly convex and raised within the hinder angles almost into a nodule. Scutellum on a level with the pronotum ; base with a subtriangular, black, slightly raised patch across the entire breadth ; disk subcrenate-punctate, apex distinctly greenish - yellow. Elytra : Clavus and outer side of the Coriiim coarser punc- tured than the disk, base of the anterior margin of the latter yellow ; Ilemhrane dusky, transparent, with 8 nerves. Sternum finely punc- tured. Legs black, or greenish-black, with very short hairs ; hinder tihice slightly curved. Ahdomen, above black ; Connexivum yellow, inwardly black. Under- side finely punctured. Length, 5 — 5^ lines. On juniper bushes. Eare. Sanderstead Downs {A. Hayward) ; Mickleham Downs (T. Ingall). Species 4. — Pentatoma vernale. CiMEX VERNALIS, WoIff, Ic. Cim. 141, 135, t. 14, fig. 135 (ISOO) ; Panz. F. G. 113, G ; Fall. Hem. Suec. i, 30, 14 (1S29) ; Ficb. Europ. Hem. 38'J, 1 (1861). Pentatoma veenale. Halm, Wanz. ii, 64, t. 50, fig. 153 (1834) ; H.Schf. Nom. Eiit. i, 56 (1835) ; Sahib. Geoc. Fen. 26, 2 (1848) ; Flor, llliyn. Liv. i, 135, 4 (1860). Carpocoris — Koleii. Mel. Ent. iv, 52, 179 (1845). PENTATOMID.E. 83 Luteous-brown, thickly and finely black-punctured ; antennce pinky- red; 4tli joint witb a broad black ring; 5th except the base, black ; ahdomen above black ; underside pale luteous, with dark, longi- tudinal punctured streaks; lerjs luteous, finely black-punctured. TIead flat ; Face in front without a notch, rounded ; central lobe short, in front depressed, enclosed by the side lobes. Antennce : tubercle very short, apex rounded ; 1st joint more than half the length of the 2nd ; 2nd and 3rd in length subequal ; 4th and 5th subequal, each longer and stouter than the 3rd. ^yes rather small, prominent, concolorous with the head. Ocelli distant. Bostrmn reaching to the 3rd pair of coxjb, luteous. Thorax. — PronoUmi in front deflected ; anterior margin slightly concave, cut off obliquely behind the eyes ; sides widely diverging, slightly sinuate, margins yellow, reflexed ; hinder angles prominent, broadly rounded ; hinder sides rounded into the straight posterior margin. Sciitellum punctured like the pronotum ; apex luteous, narrowly rounded. Elytra : Corium punctured finer than the pro- notum and scutellum ; anterior and posterior margins a little rounded ; membrane with 7 nerves, luteous, or luteous-brown, with a dark cloud at the inner basal angle. (S'^^'rww/M luteous, finely black- punctured. Leffs luteous or reddish, very finely black-punctured ; tarsi concolorous. Ahdomen, above black ; Connexivum black with yellow intervals. Underside pale luteous, with longitudinal wavy bands or streaks of black punctures ; stigmata black. Length, 3| — 4^- lines. Eare. One specimen taken casually, locality unknown ; and one specimen in the collection of Mr. Gr. H. Crotch. Species 5. — Pentatoma dissimile. CiMEX PRAsixus, De G. Mem. iii, 266, 9 (1773) ; IFoIff, Ic. Cim. 52, i. 6, fig. 49 (1801); Fall Mon. Cim. 47, 11 (1S07) ; Hem. Suec. 28, 10 (1829). — DissiMiLis, Fab. E. S. iv, 109, 112 (1794) ; S. R. 167, 59 (1803) ; Panz. F. G. 33, 13; Wolff, Ic. Cim. 53, t. 6, fig. 50 (1801); Bum. Handb. ii, 370, 17 (1835); Fieb. Eiarop. Hem. 339, 4 (1861). Pentatoma Junipekina, Le P. et Serv. Enc. x, 57, 19 (1825). — PKASiNUM, Halm, Wanz. ii, GO, pi. 49, fig. 119 (1834). 84 SCUTATINA. Cakpocoris pkasina et dissimilts, Kulen. Mel. Ent. iv, 43, 173, & 49, 174 (1846). Pentatoma DissiiliLis, Am. et Sen. Hem. 131, 4 (1843). Deep green, strongly black-punctured, slightly shining, beneath luteous, greenish or reddish, legs greenish, tarsi reddish-brown. Head flat ; Face in front with a small, narrow notch ; central lobe pointed, not quite so long as the side lobes. Antennce inserted on a short tubercle, the top of wliich is outwardly produced into a short, blunt spine ; 1st joint shorter than the head ; 2nd twice the length of the 1st;' 3rd and 4th each progressively a little longer; 5th per- ceptibly longer than the 4th ; the first 3 joints greenish, 4th reddish- brown, 5th reddish-brown at the base, the remainder piceous. Eyes greenish, the centre brown. Ocelli brown. Sosfrum reaching be- yond the 3rd pair of cosee, greenish, the tip black. Thorax. — Pronotiim ; anterior margin concave, anterior angles pro- duced and cut off obliquely behind the eyes, exteriorly pointed ; sides nearly straight, widely divergent ; margins slightly reflexed, sometimes yellowish ; hinder angles prominent, broadly rounded ; hinder sides a little rounded ; posterior margin straight. Scutellum punctured like the pronotum ; base convex ; posteriorly a slight, wide depression at each side ; apex gradually rounded, pale green. Elytra punctured rather finer than the pronotum and scutellum ; Corium ; posterior margin straight ; Membrane smoke-brown, with a fuscous cloud at the inner basal angle. Sternum pale greenish, slightly punctured. Leys green ; tliiglis paler ; tarsi reddish-brown, claws black. Abdomen, above black, beneath greenish or reddish, with shallow punctures; Cotmexivum green, thickly and finely black-punctured, the margin and the edges of the segments narrowly yellow. Length, 5^ — 6 lines. Common on many kinds of trees, in summer. Ge?)ifs 3. — Strachia, Hahn. Sead wide, flat, (with the eyes) subtrapezoidal ; Face ; sides before the eyes sinuate, lateral margins incrassated, reflexed ; apex rounded, with a central small notch ; central lobe short, pointed. Antennce moderate ; tubercles short, inserted obliquely anterior to the eyes ; 1st joint short, stout; 2nd, 4th, and 5th in length subequal; PENTAT0MIDJ5. 85 3rd shorter ; 4th and 5th stoutest, Bostrum reaching to the 2nd pair of coxsD; basal joint very broad, long; 2nd joint long; 3rd and 4th short ; rostral channel shallow, sides a little produced in front. Thorax. — Fronotum subconvex, subtrapezoidal ; anterior margin very concave, reflexed ; anterior angles cut off straight, exteriorly produced into a very small, obtuse tooth ; lateral margins straight, reflexed ; hinder angles raised, obtuse ; posterior margin rounded ; on the first third of the disk a transverse raised smooth line. 8gu- tellum more than half the length of the abdomen, at the base convex, sides sinuate, apex small. Elytra : Coriuiu ; anterior margin rounded, reflexed ; posterior margin slightly concave or sinuate ; Membrane with 6 long nerves. Sternum : Prosternum ; on each side a trans- verse channel ; Mesosternum with a slight keel. Leffs : fibics on the upper side with a channel the whole length ; tarsi ; 1st joint nearly as long as the 2nd and 3rd together ; 2nd short. Abdomen beneath convex ; Connexivum moderate. Sjjecies 1. — Strachia ornata. CiMEX OKNATUs, Liu. Y. S. 251, 937 (1761) ; S. N. 1, 723, 56 (1767); Scop. Eut. Cam. 123, 361 (1766) ; Fad. E. S. iv, 117, 144 (1794) ; S. R. 172, 93 (1S03) ; Panz. E. G. 33, 21 ; Wo/J, Ic. Cim. 15, t. 2, fig. 15 (1800) ; Fall. Mon. Cim. 49, 15 (1807); Hem. Suec. 30,15 (1829); Punn. Handb. ii, 368, 12 (1835) ; Ramb. Faan. Aud. ii, 118, 1 (1842). — DOMiJsULUs, Sco]). Ent. Carii. 124, 362 (1766). — FESTivus, Lin. S. N. ii, 723, 57 (1767) ; Fab. E. S. iv, 118, 151 (1794) ; S. R. 173, 95 (1803) ; Pam. E. G. G, 19 ; Wotf, Ic. Cim. 61, t. 6, fig. 58 (1801). Stkacuia FESTiVA, Ha/m, Wanz. 1, ISl, t. 29, fig. 93 (1831). Pextatoma ornata, L. Puf. llech. 30, 6 (1833). EUKYDEMA HEllBACEUJI et PICTUM, II. ScJif. Paiiz. E. G. 115, 12 & 116, 12 & 13 (1835). Stkacuia oenata, heebacea et picta, Hahn, Wauz. ill, 12, 13 & 14, t. n, fig. 238—240 (1835). EuRYDEJiA ORNATA, Am. et Serv. Hem. 126, 1 (1843); Sahib. Geoc. Eeu. 24, 1 (1848). EURYDEMA ORNATUH, FESTIVUM, DECORATUM, HERBACEUM, LlIESGICUM, Armeniacum et pictum, Kolen. Mel. Eut. iv, 25 — 29, 144 — 151 (1846). EURYDEMA ORNATUM, Floi\ Rlljll. Liv. 1, 144, 1 (ISGO). Strachia eestiva et ornata, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 342, 1 & 2 (1861). 86 SCUTATINA. Elliptic, glossy red ; 6 spots ou the pronotum, a large triangular spot at the base of the seutdlicm, the clavus, the inner portion of the corium and a posterior spot, black ; memirane and tvings black. Beneath red, with 3 rows of large black spots. Head black, the reflexed margin red. AntenncB, Eyes and Ocelli black. Thorax. — Pronotum finely and widely punctured, red, with 6 black spots, of which two long, narrow, transverse, are anterior to the raised, transverse line, and four are posterior to it, in a transverse row, the two middle ones being the larger. Scutellum finely, widely crenate-punctuate, subconvex ; apex uupunctured, rather elongated to an obtuse point ; at the base a large black spot, subtriangular, the sides being rounded ; before the apex, on each side, a small narrow black spot, appearing like an encroachment of that colour from the corium. JElytra: Clavus black, strongly punctured ; Corium; disk finer and closer punctured than the scutellum and pronotum, out- wardly stronger punctured ; red, with the inner portion broadly black as far as the posterior angle, there ending abruptly ; at the outer side of this black patch is a large triangular interruption of the ground colour ; beneath the posterior margin of the black patch the disk is raised transversely, and posterior to this is a black spot ; Mcmhrane black. Wings black. Sternum ; slightly punctiu'ed, stronger in the channel of the presternum ; red, the middle, and a large spot at the side of each segment, black. Legs black. Jbdomen, above red, with a black spot on the last two segments ; beneath red with three row's of large black spots, the central spots quadrangular, the lateral ones oval ; Connexivum red. Length, 4| — 5 lines. Not common. Frequents the flowers of TJnibellifera. A single specimen taken at Lee. Species 2 Strachia oleracea. CiMEX OLERACEUS, Lin. F. S. 550, 934 (1701); S. N. 1, 722, 53 (17G7); Le G. Mem. iii, 2G6, 10, pi. 15, fig. 22& 23 (1773) ; Tab. E. S. iv, 121, 162 (1794); S. U. 177, 112 (1S03) ; Fanz. F. G. 32, 12 ; Wolff, Ic. Cim. 16, t. 2, fig. IG (1800); Fall. Mon. Cira. 49, 16 (1807); Hem. Succ. 31, 16 (1829) ; Zett. F. Ins. Lap. i, 4G5, 8 (1828); Ins. Lap. 260, 8 (1840); Bam. Hanclb. ii, 368, 11 (1835). PENTATOMIDiE. 87 Strachia oleracea, Halm, Wanz. i, 1S2, t. 29, fig. 94 (1831) ; Fieh. Europ. Hem. 3-15, 9 (1861). EuRYDEMA OLEKACETJM, ZT. Aye/;/". Nora. Eut. 1, 55 (1835); Kolen. Mel. Eiit. iv, 22, Ul (1816); Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 146, 2 (1860). — OLERACEA, SaUh. Geoc. Feu. 25, 2 (1818). Elliptic, blue-green, finely punctured ; sides of tlie head dind. pronohim, anterior margin of the coriuin, a broad central line on the pro- notum, apex of the scutellum, and a contiguous large spot on each elytron, yellow, white or red. Sead. — The reflexed margin straw -yellow; Anfennce, Eyes and Ocelli, black. Thorax. — Pronotum ; anterior margin in the centre, lateral margins, and a broad, hind war dly diverging line down the centre of the disk straw-yellow ; the raised smooth line on the anterior por- tion of the disk is widened laterally, and before and behind it the punctures are closer and deeper, elsewhere they are distant and dis- posed in transverse rows. Scutellum crenate-punctate ; aj)ex a short, obtuse point, almost rounded, unpunctured, broadly straw- yellow ; sometimes also the sides of the base are more or less yellow. Elytra : Corium much finer and closer punctured than the pronotum and corium ; anterior margin and a large transverse spot in a line with the apex of the scutellum, straw-yellow; Membrane black-brown. Sternum slightly punctured, stronger in the channel of the Pro- sternum.; black or with yellow spots. Leys; thiyhs entirely black or with the base more or less ; the tip narrowly, and a half-ring beneath, yellow ; tihios black, with a central yellow ring ; tarsi black. Abdomen black above ; beneath black or yellow, with 3 rows of large black spots, one central and one on each side. The lighter markings on the upper side and legs vary from white to red ; the colours on the underside vary from black to yellow, with spots of various form and size, so that no two specimens are exactly alike in colouring. Length, 3 — 3| lines. Not rare, but local. Isle of Wight {E. Lewis) ; Cambridge, July {F. Bond). 88 SCUTATINA. Family 8.— ASOPID^. Genus 1. — Zicrona, Am. et Sew. Head small, subquadrangiilar, forwardly narrowed ; front straight ; side lobes inwardly raised, apex outwardly rounded ; central lobe as long as the side lobes, strongly defined ; posterior half raised, anterior half depressed ; Crown a little convex. Antennce moderate, inserted on short stout tubercles before the eyes ; 1st joint short ; 2nd a little longer than either the 3rd, 4th, or 5th, which in length are subequal. Eyes moderate, prominent. Ocelli small, distant. Bostrum vea,c\imo beyond the 2nd pair of coxa?, stout ; basal joint broad ; rostral channel very short and shallow. Thoraoc. — Pronotum a little convex, hexagonal, almost trapezoidal, the binder sides being short and much deflected ; anterior margin deeply concave, angles acute ; sides nearly straight ; hinder angles raised, obtuse ; posterior margin straight. Scutellum subtriangular, about half as long as the abdomen ; sides sinuate, beyond the middle nearly straight and parallel ; apex broadly rounded. Elytra : Corium posteriorily deflected ; anterior and posterior margins rounded ; Mem- brane with G or 7 long nerves. Stermim : Prosternum on each side with deep, transverse channel; Mesosternum with a slight keel. Lecjs : fore tibiae beneath, with a fine, acute spine ; tarsi strong ; 1st joint as long as the other two, 2nd short. Abdomen, beneath convex ; Connexivwn moderate, recurved. Species 1. — Zicrona ccerulea, CiMEX cffiRTJLEus, Liti. P. S. 250, 933 (1761) ; S. N. 1, 722, 50 (1767) ; Be G. Mem ill, 268, 11 (1773) ; liossi, F. E. ii, 237, 1314 (1790); Fab. E. S. iv, 123, 166 (1794); S. R. 178, 119 (1803); Schrlc. E. B. ii, 76, iv (1801); Wolff, Ic. Cim. 18, t. 2, fig. IS (ISOO); Panz. E. G. 32, 14 ; Fall. Mon. Cim. 50, 17 (ISO?) ; Ilem. Succ. 32, 17 (1S26). Pentatoma CfERULETJM, Curt. B, E. i, 20 (1824) ; Ilulni, Waiiz. ii, 05, t. 56, fig. 154 (1834) ; il. Schf. Norn. Eut. i, 56 & 92 (1835). ASOPIDiE. 89 Asopus CCERULEUS, Buim. Handb. ii, 378, 1 (1835) ; H. Schf. Wanz. vii, 112 (ISM) ; Koleu. Mel. Ent. iv, 37. 1C2 (1816). ZiCRONA ccERrLEA et iLLUSTKis, Am. et Serv. Hem. 86, 1 & 87, 2 (ISIS) ; SaJilb. Geoc. Fen. 19, 2 (1848) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 346 (1861). Asopus (Ziceona) cceruleus, Flor, Rhyu. Liv. i, 90, 1 (1860). Elliptic, pointed in front, entirely glossy blue-green or violet, very finely punctured. Head. — Ant evince black. Eyes and Ocelli piceous. Thorax. — Pronotum within the anterior margin depressed and strongly punctate ; the punctures stronger than on the scutellum and corium ; on the first third two lobate, slightly raised, nearly unpunctured spaces ; behind these a slight transverse depression ; Scutellum crenate-punctate. ISlytra : Corium within the anterior margin, and the Glavus, more strongly punctate ; Membrane dark brown ; Leys black, with a greenish gloss. Abdomen., above, at the base, brown. Length, 1\ to 31 lines. Not very common in the London district ; taken flying in woods, in the spring. In moss in winter, Mickleham {I)r. Power). Not rare at Scarborough among heather, in April, May, and October, and in the larva state in September (T. Wilkinson). Genus 2. — Jalla, Hahn. Head flattened, quadrangular ; Pace widened before the eyes and then constricted; apex sinuate; end of side lobes rounded; central lobe narrow, nearly as long as the side lobes. Antennce slender ; 1st joint stout, very short ; 2nd 3-1- times longer than the 1st ; 3rd |rds as long as the 2nd ; 4th a little longer than the 3rd ; 5th a little longer than the 4th. Pyes moderate ; Ocelli small, a little wider apart from each other than from the eyes. Postrum very stout, reaching beyond the 2nd pair of coxae ; 1st joint very broad ; 2nd joint longest ; 3rd and 4th of equal length ; rostral channel very short. Tliorax. — Pronotum hexagonal, hindwardly convex ; front as wide as the head and eyes ; anterior margin very concave, angles acute ; 90 SCUTATINA. sides sliglitly rounded, margins incrassated ; hinder angles obtuse ; hinder sides sinuate ; posterior margin a little longer than the scutellum is wide, nearly straight, posterior angles deflected, acute. Scutellmn more than ^ the length of the abdomen, subtriangular ; base convex ; sides deflected, sinuate, beyond the middle parallel ; apex broad, rounded. Elytra : Corium ; anterior and posterior mar- gins rounded ; Memhrane with 7 long nerves. Sternum ; on each side a wide transverse oblique channel across the pro- and meso- sternum ; Mesosternum with a slight central keel in a shallow, narrow channel. Legs : thighs ; 1st pair beneath with a large spine beyond the middle ; tibice widened at the apex on the upper side, with the margins reflexed, forming a narrow channel ; beneath, beyond the middle, with a small, acute spine ; tarsi ; 1st joint as long as the 2nd and 3rd together ; 2nd short. Abdomen semi-elliptic ; convex beneath ; Connexivum moderate. Species 1. — Jalla dumosa. CiMEX DUMOSA, Lin. r. S. 249, 929 (17C1); S. N. 1, 721, 46 (1767) ; Fab. E. S. iv, lU, 121 (1794); S. R. IGS, 71 (1S03) ; Panz, E. G. 33, 18 ; Fall. Mon. Cim. 47, 10 (1807) ; Hem. Suec. 28, 12 (1826). Jalla dumosa, HaJin, Wanz. i, 101, t. 16, fig. 54, 55 (1831) ; Am. ct Sew. Hem. SG, 1 (1843) ; Kolen. Mel. Eiit. iv, 36, 161 (1846); Fieb. Europ. Hem. 347, 2 (1861). Pentatoma dumosum, H. Schf. Nom. Eut. 1, 53 (1835). Asopus DUMOSUS, Burm. Handb. ii, 378, 3 (1835) ; H. ScJif. Wanz. vii, 113 (1844). Elliptic, pointed in front, slightly shining ; above fusco-luteous, black- punctured ; sides of the pronotum, centre of, and two basal spots on, the scutellum, margin of the elytra and abdomen, and a ring on each of the tibice, vermilion ; underside black. Head black, finely punctured ; Face ; central lobe vermilion, which colour is also continued in a line over the Croion. Antenncs black, base of the 3rd joint red. JiJg es hlack. Ocelli red. Rostrum deep piceous. Thorax. — Pronotum; the broad incrassated lateral margins ver- milion ; anterior half of the disk black, in front and within the lateral margins thickly i)uneturcd ; iu the centre a broad longitudinal line, on ASOPID^. 91 each side of this 3 or 4 raised yellow spots, forming parallel lines, which before their extremity give off a waved yellow line curving to the hinder angles ; the portion of the disk posterior to this dull luteous, with deep, distinct punctures, the intervals smooth. Scutellmn rather strongly punctured; sides posteriorly luteous; apex reddish; in the centre a smooth vermilion line extending ^ths of the length, broad at the base, gradually narrower, and ending in a fine point ; at each side of the base and at some distance from the lateral margins a large suboval, smooth, pale-vermilion spot. Elytra fusco-luteous, very finely black -punctured ; anterior margin at the base vermilion ; Membrane light brown. Sternum strongly punctured. Legs black ; tibicB with a broad vermilion ring on the upper half. Abdomen, above smooth, black ; beneath strongly punctured ; Gonnexivum black, externally with red spots, the extreme margin vermilion. The ? is larger and the colours lighter than the $ . Length, 5^ — 6 lines. Two specimens taken by Mr. H. J. Harding, and one by Mr, Ernest Adams, but they have no note of the locality. Genus 3. — Rhacognathus, i^2>3. Head flattened, quadrangular ; Face, wider just before the eyes ; apex of the side lobes rounded ; central lobe narrow, pointed, shorter than the side lobes, leaving a narrow notch. A?itennce slender ; tubercles short, inserted before the eyes ; 1st joint short ; 2nd more than double the length of the 1st ; 3rd scarcely so long as the 2nd ; 4th and 5th subequal, each longer than the 2nd. Eyes moderate. Ocelli small, a little nearer to the eyes than to each other. Bostrwn stout, reaching to the 2nd pair of coxae ; 1st and 3rd joints very broad ; rostral channel short and shallow. Thorax. — Pronotum convex, hexagonal ; in front as wide as the head and eyes ; anterior margin very concave, anterior angles cut off obliquely, exteriorly produced into a small tooth ; sides a little concave, widely divergent, the 1st half finely serrate, hindwardly produced into an obtuse point ; hinder sides short, nearly straight ; posterior margin a little longer than the width of the scutellum, straight, its angles acute. Scutellum half the length of the abdomen, subtriangular, sides sinuate, bej^ond the middle almost parallel, apex 92 SCUTATINA. broad, rounded. Elytra: Corium ; anterior and posterior margins a little rounded ; Membrane with 7 nerves. Sternum ; on each side an oblique, transverse channel across the pro- and mesosternum ; Mesostermm with a slight keel. Legs : t'lbice outwardly flat, the fore' pair widened at the end, the outer margins reflexed ; on the underside a fine, acute spine; tarsi hairy beneath; 1st joint broad, as long as 2nd and 3rd together. Abdomen semi-elliptic, convex beneath; Connexivum broad, ex- tending beyond the elytra. 8j)ecies 1. — Rhacognathus punctatus. CiMEX PUNCTATUS, Zw. S. N. i, 720, 34 (1767); De G. Mem. iii, 269, 11(1773); Fab. E. S. iv, 95, 62 (1791); S. R. 157, 12 (1S03) ; Wolff, Ic. Cim. 179, t. 18, fig. 173 (1811) ; Full. Mou. Cim. 45, 6 (1807); Hem. Suec. 25, 6 (1826) ; Zett. Jus. Lap. 1, 259, 5 (1810). Eysahcokis punctatus, Hahn, Wauz. ii, 69, t. 51, fig. 157 (1831). Pentatoma punctatum, H. Sch. Nom. Eut. i, 56 & 93 (1835). Asopus punctatus, Burm. Handb. ii, 378, 2 (1835) ; //. Schf. Wanz. vii, 112 (1811). Asopus (Zicrona) punctatus, Flo)\ Rliyn. Liv. i, 91, 2 (1860). Rhacognathus punctatus, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 317. Luteous, more or less obscured with fine black punctures, sometimes altogether dark, with a greenish tinge ; beneath luteous, black- punctured, or black. Mead bronzy or black ; Face ; central lobe a little raised at the base and depressed in front. Antennce black, the extremities of the 2ud and 3rd joints narrowly yellow. Eyes brown. Ocelli red. Eostrum piceous. Thorajc. — Pronotii/in ; in the centre a narrow, longitudinal, yellow line ; in pale examples the front and sides black, the lateral margins yellow. Scutellitiji ; base rather convex, outer margin depressed ; just within the basal angles a deep fovea ; down tlie centre a slight indication of a keel. Sternum luteous, black-punctured, the sides black. Legs: coxce yellow; thighs black above, yellow at the base and beneath ; tihice black, with a broad yellow ring iu the centre ; tarsi black. ASOPIDiE. 93 Abdomen, above blue-black, beneath luteous, thickly black-punc- tured, or entirely black ; Connexivum black, with yellow spots. Length, 4 — 4| lines. Not common. Spring and autumn. Haslcmere {Barrett) ; Holm- bush {Fcnn) ; Shirley, Surrey {E. C. Bye). Genus 4. — Asopus, Burm. Head flattened, quadrangular ; Face wider just before the eyes ; side lobes recurved, apex rounded, central lobe shorter, leaving a wide, deep notch in front. AntenncB in length moderate, slender, each inserted on a very short tubercle before the eyes ; 1st joint half the length of the head ; 2nd a trifle longer than the 4th ; 2nd and 5th shorter than the 4th, subequal. Eyes large, prominent. Ocelli small, a little wider apart than distant from the eyes. Bostrum arising in front of the head, reaching to the hinder coxse, thick, very wide at the base, 2nd joint longest ; rostral channel very short and shallow, hardly perceptible. Thorax. — Pronotum hexagonal, broader than long, in front as wide as the head and eyes ; anterior margin very concave, anterior angles much produced, cut off obliquely and exteriorly produced into a small tooth ; sides, in front, strongly serrate, very sinuate, and spreading out into a large, broad, rounded, projecting, and up-curving process ; hinder angles rounded ; hinder sides long, nearly straight ; posterior margin longer than the breadth of the scutellum, straight across the scutellum, but beyond a little produced posteriorly over the clavus ; posterior angles acute ; disk hindwardly on a level with the scutellum, forwardly deflected at the same angle as the head. Scutellum about half as long as the abdomen, triangular ; base convex, sides sinuate, apex narrowly rounded. Elytra : Cormm ; anterior margin rounded, posterior margin straight ; IIeinbra7ie with 8 nerves. Sternum : Prosternum ; on each side a transverse channel ; Mesosternvm with a slight keel forwardly widened. Legs : tihice outwardly flat, margins slightly reflexed, forming a narrow, linear channel ; anterior pair, inwardly, beyond the middle with a short spine ; tarsi strong, 1st joint a trifle longer than the 3rd, 2nd shorter and thinner. Abdomen semi-elliptic, not very convex ; beneath, in the centre of the 2nd segment, a short blunt spine pointing forwards ; Connexivum broad, extending beyond the elytra. 94 SCUTATINA. Species 1. — Asopus luridus. CiMEX LURIDUS, Fab. S. E. 701, 25 (1775) ; E. S. iv, 91, G7 (1791) ; S. R. 157, (1803) ; Pam. F. G. 92, 9 ; Wolff, Ic. Cim. 136, 130, t. 13, fig. 130 (1801) ; Fall. Mon. Cim. 46, 8 (1807); Hem. Suec. 26, 8 (1826). Arma lurida, TlaJin, Wanz. i, 97, t. 15, fig. 53 (1831). Pentatoma luridum, H. Sch. Nom. Eiit. i, 56 & 92 (1835). Asorus LURIDUS, Bunn. Haiidb. ii, 379, 4 (1835) ; H. Schf. Wanz. vii, 114 (1844); Fleh. Europ. Hem. 348 (1861). Arma luridum, Kolen. Mel. Eat. iv, 40, 164 (1846). Asopus (PoDisus) LURIDUS, Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 95, 5 (1860.) Luteous, thickly black-punctured, slightly sliiniug, bronzy or metallic blue-black on the head and sides of the 'pronotum ; beneath luteous, with two distant, longitudinal rows of black spots, and (in the 2) having a large spot on the 6th segment of the abdomen. Head bronzy or blue-black ; Crown with two smooth lines reaching to the base of the central lobe ; Mice ; central lobe posteriorly a little raised. Antennce black, basal joint beneath luteous, with a central black line, apical half of the 4th joint orange. Eyes piceous. Ocelli red. Rostrum luteous. Thorax. — Pronotum ; the punctures in short series ; sides broadly metallic, blue-black ; the serrated lateral margins yellow ; in the centre of the disk two large, but slight, depressions, bordered in front by a short, raised, smooth line. Scutellmn punctate-crenate, more or less clouded with black, composed of contiguous punctures, the extreme basal angles depressed, black. Elytra : Corium ; finer punctured in the centre than at the sides ; posteriorly, adjoining the outer nerve, a small smooth space. Sternum finely black-punctured ; on each side of the yellow mesosternal keel a quadrate smooth space. Leys finely haired, rufo-luteous, thickly piceous- or black-spotted ; beneath, beyond the middle, a larger black spot ; tarsi black, 2nd joint and base of the 1st rufous. Abdomen, above black, beneath luteous, with two distant rows of black spots, one of the spots being at the anterior edge of each segment, and (in the ?) a larger central black spot on the anterior ASOPID.E. 95 edge of the Gth segment ; Connexivum, above black, with narrow, orange interruptions ; beneath yellow with black spots. Length, 5^ lines. Not common. August and September, on trees in damp places. Genns 5. — Picromerus, Am. et Serv. Head flattened, quadrangular ; Face ; scarcely widened before the eyes ; apex straight, without a notch, outwardly rounded ; central lobe as long as the side lobes, not pointed. Antennce long, fine, compressed, inserted on short tubercles before the eyes ; 1st joint very short; 2nd long; 3rd, 4th and 5th in length subequal, each scarcely so long as the 2nd. Eyes large, prominent. Ocelli small, distant. Rostrum stout, reaching beyond the 3rd pair of coxse ; basal joint very broad ; rostral channel very short and shallow. Thorax. — Pronotum broader than long, hexagonal, in front as wide as the head and eyes ; anterior margin concave ; anterior angles much produced and cut off obliquely, externally produced into a small tooth ; sides, in front finely serrate, very sinuate, widely divergent, forming a broad, acute, projecting and upcurving spine ; hinder sides long, sinuate ; posterior margin longer than the scutellum is wide, straight across the scutellum, but beyond a little produced posteriorly and depressed upon the clavus ; posterior angles acute ; disk for- wardly deflected at the same angle as the head, posteriorly on a level with the base of the scutellum. Scutellum \ as long as the abdomen, triangular; base convex; sides sinuate; apex narrow, rounded. Elytra : Corium ; anterior margin rounded, posterior margin straight ; Mem- Irane with 8 or 9 long nerves. Sternum with a side channel extending obliquely across the pro- and mesosternum ; ■ Mesostermim with a slight keel, anteriorly widened. Legs finely haired, anterior thighs and tibicB beneath, beyond the middle, with a small spine ; all the tihicB outwardly flat, the margin reflexed and forming a narrow, linear channel; tarsi hairy beneath, 1st joint as long as the 2nd and 3rd together. Abdomen semi-elliptic, convex beneath, in the centre of the 2nd segment a short, obtuse process, pointing forwards; Connexivwn bi'oad, recurved, extending beyond the elytra. 96 SCUTATINA. 8j)ecies 1. — Picromerus bidens. CiMEX BIDENS, Lin. S. N. i, 718, 23 (1767) ; De G. Mem. iii, 259, pi. 13, fig. 9 (1773) ; Rossi, F. Etr. ii, 230, 1297 (1790) ; Fab. E. S. iv, 93, 54 (1794) ; S. R. 155, 2 (1803) ; Pmiz. E. G. 26, 22 ; Wolff, Ic. Cim. 7, t. 1, fig. 7 (ISOO); Fall. Moa. Cim. 43, 1 (1807); Hem. Suec. 22, 1 (1826) ; Zeit. Ins. Lap. i, 259, 1 (1840). Army — Hahn, Wanz. i, 92, t. 15, fig. 51 (1831); Kolen.lld. Ent. k, 39, 163 (1816). Pentatoma bidens, H. Sch. Nom. Eut. i, 56 & 93 (1835). Asopus — Burnt. Handb. ii, 379, 6 (1835) ; U. ScJif. Wauz. vii, 113 (1844). Picromerus — Am. et Serv. Hem, 84, 1 (1843) ; Sahib. Geoc. Fen. 18, 1 (1848) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 349, 1 (1861). Asopus (Picromerus) bidens, Flor, Rhyu. Liv. i, 92, 3 (1860), Luteous, thickly black-punctured, often so mucli as to appear entirely piceous, slightly shining ; head bronzy : underside rufous or piceous. Head bronzy ; Grown with two central, nearly unpunctured lines reaching to the base of the central lobe ; Face ; central lobe pos- teriorly a little raised. Antenncs red, tip of the 5th joint piceous or black. Eyes piceous. Ocelli red, JRostrum luteous. Thorax. — Pronotum ; sides and spines pitchy-black, the serrated lateral margin yellow ; on the anterior third of the disk two large, subangular, nearly unpunctured spaces, on their posterior margin a small, smooth, orange spot. Scutellum crenate-punctate, clouded with piceous ; extreme basal angle depressed, black, within this raised into a small, smooth, yellow spot ; apex narrowly orange. JElytra; Gorium less and more finely punctured than the prouotum ; Memhrane dark brown, nervures strong. Sternum luteous, black- punctured ; on each side of the yellow mesosternal keel a large, usually black, quadrate spot ; on the anterior edge of the metasternum a large, lobate, raised, yellow spot. Legs rufous, with a pink tinge ; thighs finely brown-punctate ; tibiae, towards the centre yellow ; tarsi ; 1st and 2nd joints pinky red, 3rd piceous. Abdomen, above piceous-black ; beneath rufous or piceous, finely RAPHTGASTRID.E. 97 punctate ; Stigmata small, beneath each a shoi't, sinuate, impressed line ; Connexivum punctate, blue-black interrupted with orange. Length, 5 — 6 lines. Common in August and September, on trees and bushes. Family 9.— RAPHIGASTRIDtE. Genus 1. — Tropicoris, Hahn. Head elongate, nearly flat ; Face widest just before the eyes, then gradually a little narrower to the end, which is rounded ; margin of side lobes delicately reflexed ; central lobe scarcely so long as the side lobes, which sometimes meet and enclose its fine point. Ajiteimce long, slender; the last two joints thickest ; 1st joint not so long as the head ; 2nd a little longer than the first ; 3rd much longer than the 2nd ; 4th not so long as the third ; 5th fusiform, rather shorter than the 4th, but longer than the 2nd ; 4th and 5th in thickness subequal. Eyes large, prominent. Ocelli large, distant. Rostrum arising at anterior margin, reaching to the 2ud joint of the abdomen ; base broad, the remainder narrow, 3rd joint longest ; rostral channel shallow, the sides anteriorly ending in a tooth ; the margin of the head in front, beneath, with a channel extending to the eyes. Thorax. — Pronotum hexagonal, much broader than long ; front as wide as the head and eyes ; anterior margin concave ; anterior angles produced and cut off obliquely behind the eyes, exteriorly produced into a small tooth ; sides anteriorly very finely serrate, then very sinuate, widely and nearly at a right angle divergent, spreading out into a large, broad, projecting and up-curving process, which on tlie anterior side is broadly rounded, but posteriorly the apex is produced into a short tooth ; hinder sides long, sinuate ; posterior margin across the scutellum straight; disk in front flat, deflected at the same angle as the head, hindwardly on a level with the scutellum. Scutellum \ as long as the abdomen, triangular; base convex ; sides sinuate ; apex narrowly rounded. Elytra : Corium ; anterior margin sinuate, posterior margin straight ; Memhrane with 6 long nerves. Sternum: Prosfernum ; on each side a transverse channel; Meso- sterimm with a central longitudinal keel, hindwardly widened. Legs : tihics outwardly flat, the margins reflexed, forming a narrow, linear channel ; tarsi long, 3rd joint longer than the 1st, 2nd short. 7 98 SCUTATINA. Abdomen long, semi-elliptic, above flat, beneatli convex ; in the centre of tlie 2nd segment a short, blunt process, pointing forwards. Connexivum broad. Species 1. — Tropicoris rufipes. CiMEX KUFiPES, Lin. S. N. i, 719, 24 (1767) ; De G. Mem. iii, 253, 2 (1773); Fab. E. S. iv, 93, 56 (1794); S. R. 156, 5 (1803) ; Wolff, Ic. Cim. 9, t. 1, fig. 9 (1800); Fall. Mon. Cim. 46, 7 (1S07) ; Hem. Suec. 26, 7 (1829); Burm. Handb. ii, 366, 7 (1835); Am. et Sen. Hem. 149, 1 (1843); Sahib. Geoc. Ten. 30, 13 (1848); Flor, Rliyn. Liv. i, 107, 1 (1860). Pentatoma — Le P. et Serv. Enc. x, 55, 13 (1825) ; H. Sch. Norn. Eut. i, 56 & 93 (1835). TKoncoRis — Ilahn, Wanz. ii, 54, t. 47, fig. 145 (1834) ; Koleti. Mel. Eut. iv, 44, 169 (1846) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 330 (1S61). Luteons, thickly black-punctured, shining ; beneath orange red ; sides of pro7iotum very sinuate, forming in the middle a broad, projecting process. Head with a bronzy lustre, darker at the sides ; Cvoxon with two parallel, smooth lines from tlie base to the central lobe of the face, which posteriorly is raised, its apex flat, depressed. Antennce : first 3 joints and base of the 4th red, the rest piceous or black. Eyes brown. Ocelli red. Rostrimi luteous, end of the lahrum and the 4th joint entirely piceous. Tliorax. — Pronotum ; the punctures in short series; front black, more or less mixed with orange ; lateral margins and the tooth at the anterior angles orange ; lateral process black. Sctctellum crenate-punctate ; close to the basal angles a small whitish or orange spot ; apex with a slight channel, nearly unpunctured, broadly orange. Elytra : Corium exterior to the costal nerve a little recurved ; Mem,' hrane brown. Stet'mim : Prostermim finely black-punctured ; Meso- and Metasternuon with few punctures ; on each side of the yellow mesosternal keel a quadrate smooth space ; Leys : tliiyhs reddish- brown thickly spotted with black ; tihiee, inwardly with long fine RAPHIGASTRID.E. 99 hairs ; the reflexed margin of the outer side piceous ; tarsi ; tip of the last joint and the claws black. Abdomen above black ; beneath orange red, finely black-punctate, except at the sides and centre; Stigmata black, beneath each a long, depressed, black line ; Comiexivum generally extending beyond the elytra, above alternately broadly black and orange, beneath yellowish. Length, 5^ — 6 lines. Common in autumn, on trees and bushes. Genus 2. — Piezodorus, Fich. Elliptic, subconvex. Head broad ; Face subtrapeziform, the sides sinuate ; apex without a notch, outer angles rounded; central lobe as long as the side lobes, narrow, slightly defined, a little raised at the base. Antenna; slender ; tubercle very short ; 1st joint half the length of the 2nd ; 2nd and 3rd in length subequal ; 4th and 5th in length subequal, each a little longer than the 2nd. Eyes moderate, not prominent. Ocelli distant. Bostrum reaching to the 2nd pair of coxre, slender ; sides of the rostral channel slightly produced in front. TJiorax. — 'Pronotum hexagonal ; anterior margin conca\'e, anterior angles produced, cut off obliquely behind the ej'es ; sides widely divergent, straight, hinder angles rounded, not produced, the disk within them raised ; hinder sides straight, deflected ; posterior margin slightly concave. Scutellum on a level with the pronotum, more than half the length of the abdomen, subtriangular ; base convex ; sides sinuate, constricted beyond the middle ; apex broadly rounded. Elytra : Corium ; anterior and posterior margins slightly rounded ; Membrane with 8 nerves. Stermim : Frost crnum ; on each side a' slight transverse channel ; Mesosternum with a central keel. Legs rather slender ; tibice on the outer side with a shallow longitudinal channel, ybre tibi(e internally, in the middle, with a very small, acute spine ; tarsi, 1st and 3i-d joints subequal, 2nd short. Abdomen above subconvex ; Connexivum horizontal, widened pos- teriorly, projecting beyond the elytra. Underside convex, 2nd seg- ment vrith a long, recurved, appressed spine. 100 SCUTATINA. Species 1. — Piezodorus purpureipennis. ? CiMEX PUKPUiiEiPENNis, De 0. iii, 258, 5, t. 13, fig. 15 (1773). — PKASiNUs, Schr. F. B. 73, 1105 (1801), nee Lin. Pentatoma purpureipennis, Uahn, Wanz. ii, 62, t. 51, fig. 151 (1831). — JuNiPEEiNA, L. Biif. Rech. Hem. 28 (1833). CiMEX alliaceus. Germ, Taun. Ins. ix, 14. — INCARNATUS, Germ. Paun. Ins. iv, 23. — LiTUiiATUS, {King), Burm. Handb. 365, 3 (1835). Raphigaster purpureipennis, Ramb. Faun. And. ii, 125, 1 (1838). — INCARNATUS, Koloi. Mcl. Eut. iv, 56, 1S3 (1846). Piezodorus De Geeri, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 320 (1861). Above, deeply, finely, distinctly black-punctured, slightly shining, pale green, or with the coriuin and the base of the pronotum purplish ; beneath entirely pale green or yellowish ; abdomen above black ; legs yellow. Head. — AntenncB reddish, base paler; Eyes and Ocelli brown. Thorax. — Pronotum ; lateral margins reflexed, yellow ; on the 1st third of the disk two transverse, narrow, irregular, smooth, annular spaces, punctured within ; sometimes almost obliterated. Ehjtra : Corium, except the anterior portion, punctured finer than the pro- notum or scutellum ; anterior margin at the base yellowish ; Mem- brane reaching beyond the abdomen, colourless, transparent. Wings colourless, transparent. Legs yellow or greenish. Abdomen, above black ; Connexiviim greenish or yellowish, in- teriorly narrowly black. Underside yellowish, greenish, or ochreous, the punctures shallow, confluent ; Stigmata black ; the recurved spine on the 2nd segment reaching to beyond the 2nd pair of coxae. Length, 5 — 6 lines. Common on furze and broom bushes, in the autumn. Ge?ms 3. — Acanthosoma, Curt. Head rather narrow, gradually less from the eyes to the apex ; central lobe as long or longer than the side lobes, widest at the extremity, AntenncB slender; tubercle very short ; 1st joint as long or longer than the bead. Eyes small. Ocelli small, distant. Bos- RAPHIGASTRID^. 101 trion slender, reacliing beyond the 2nd pair of coxae ; sides of the rostral channel slightly produced. Thorax. — Pronotiwi hexagonal, hinder angles sometimes much produced. ScuteUum about half the length of the abdomen, trian- gular, the apex produced into a long, narrow, smooth point, which has a slight central channel. Elytra longer than the abdomen ; Memhrane with 5 or more nerves, some of which at the base spring from a cross nerve. Sternum with a deep, thin, central keel ; Prosternum with a slight transverse furrow, bounded anteriorly by a large callosity. Legs slender ; tarsi 2-jointed. Abdomen above flattened, with a central keel ; Comiexivum re- curved, moderate, on the 6th segment widened and produced pos- teriorly. Underside convex, with a strong longitudinal keel, termi- nating on the 2nd segment in a strong spine which projects across the sternum, lying on one side of the sternal keel ; the segments, especially in the male, are drawn up in the centre towards the base. Genital segments : in the male the 2ud alone is visible on the upper- side, very narrow, with the sides carried down to a point within the 6tli abdominal segment ; in the female the 3rd alone is visible from above as a flat or curved plate, of which the outer margin is more or less rounded, and with a notch in the centre : on the underside in the male two segments are visible, the 1st large, lying in the angle of the 6th abdominal segment, the 2nd very narrow ; in the 9 all three segments are seen, the 1st smaller than in the $ , the 2nd narrow, the 3rd large, as on the upperside. Sjjecies 1. — Acanthosoma griseum. CiMEX GKisEUS, Lhi. F. S. 926 (1761) ; S. N. i, 721, 43 (1767). — iNTEiiSTiNCTus, Lhi. P. S. 927 (1761) ; S. N. i, 721, 44 (1767) ; Fab. E. S. iv, 116, 141 (1794) ; S. R. 171, 88 (1803). — Betuljj, De G. Mem. ill, 261, 8, pi. 14, fig. 9 (1773). — AGATHiNUs, Fub. E. S. iv, 114, 133 (1794) ; S. R. 170, 82 (1803); Fall. Mou. Cim., 45, 5 (1807); Hem. Suec. 24, 5 (1829); Zeti. Faun. Ins. Lap. i, 464, 4 (1832); lus. Lap. 260, 4 (1840). — ACHATiNUs, Wol/f, Ic. Cim. 58, t. 6, fig. 55 (ISOl). AcANi'H0S0.\iA AGATUiNUM, U. Scltf. Nom. Ellt. I, 57 (1835). 102 SCUTATINA. ACANTHOSOMA GKiSEA, Bimn. Handb. ii, 360, 6(1835); Sahib. Geoc. Fen. 33, 2 (18i8). — INTEBSTINCTUM, Kolen. Mel. Eat. iv, Gl, ISO (lSi(3). — GRISEUM, Dull. Trans. Ent. Soc. i, n. s. 113, 4 (1851) ; Flor, Kbyn. Liv. i, 102, 3 (1860). Elasmostethus griseus, /'i6'/5'. Europ. Hem. 329, 2 (1861). Elliptic, angulated in front, reddish-ochreous or greenish ; sliglitly shining, finely but deeply black-punctured ; pronotiim convex ; scuteUum "with a black patch at the base ; ahdomen above black ; connexivum yellow, 6th segment red, the fore and hinder edges of the segments black ; in the 9 the last abdominal seg- ment posteriorly, and the 3rd genital segment entirely, red. Head slightly convex ; Face, apex obtuse, rounded ; central lobe slightly depressed at the apex. Antennce ochreous or brown, the last joint (except the base) black ; 1st joint reaching a little beyond the head, but rather shorter than the other joints, which are sub- equal. J^j/i's rather promiuent, brown. Ocelli brown. Hostrum reaching beyond the 2nd pair of coxa3 ; yellow, wdth a brown central line. Thorax. — Pronohim ; anterior margin concave, anterior angles a little produced and cut off obliquely behind the eyes ; sides widely divergent, nearly straight ; hinder angles a little produced, very obtuse ; hinder sides a little rounded, deflected ; posterior margin slightly concave ; disk convex, prominent within the hinder angles, in front with a narrow, transverse, smooth space, curving towards the anterior angles ; punctures rather close. ScuteUum ; the base convex, with a transverse black patch ; the punctures beyond the base distant. Elytra : Corium ; anterior margin at the base a little incrassated ; posterior margin straight, outwardly slightly incras- sated ; the punctures within the anterior margin stronger and closer than the others ; Membrane light brown, transparent, with 6 prin- cipal nerves, of which the 8 outer ones spring from a curved cross nerve ; transversely are two fuscous bands, the 1st near the base, the 2nd beyond the middle, arising from a large fuscous spot on the anterior margin, the colour also extending down the 2nd and 3rd nerves to the posterior margin, but these bands are sometimes partly or wholly wanting. Wings diaphanous, with a greenish metallic lustre. Lefjs ochreous ; tihicc ochreous or greenish, with fine short hairs , tarsi ochreous. RAPHIGASTRIDiE. 103 Abdomen above black ; on the middle of the 4th segment 2 slight' longitudinal keels, divided and bounded by a furrow ; on the 5th and 6th segments a stronger keel ; Connexivwn yellow, 6th segment red, the fore and hinder edges of each segment black ; the posterior outer angle of the 6th segment in the $ is obtuse, in the $ acute. Genital segments : in the $ the 2ud is black and obtusely ointed ; in the $ the 3rd is red (as also is the 3rd abdominal segment), the posterior margin deeply but widely notched. Underside deep ochreous or reddish ; the spine reaching to the 2nd pair of eoxse ; Sti(/fnata black. Length, S^ — 4- lines. Common on birches, in May and September. De Geer, in his 'Memoires' (1. c), gives a very interesting account of the affectionate care bestowed by a female of this species upon a numerous brood of young ones, exactly after the manner of a hen with her chickens ; adding that Modeer had observed it was principally against the attacks of the male that the mother defended her young. Succeeding authors have quoted De Geer without, appa- rently, having seen the fact stated. But Mr. E. Parfitt, of Exeter, has sent us a female of this species, with several young ones gummed on to the same card, and the following account of them : " When I first saw the mother sitting in bright sunshine in the midst of her progeny on a birch leaf, I was much struck with the happy appearance of the family ; it reminded me at once of the aftection I had seen evinced by female Forjiculcs for their young. The mother would occasionally get up and look around her, appa- rently to see if any enemy were approaching, and if all was quiet she would sit down again. "When disturbed by anytliing, for in- stance, by a bit of stick, with which I touched a young one, the mother directly came to its rescue, putting her autennae down to the little thing and drawing them over it. If that did not do, she would walk round it and endeavour to protect it. I repeated the experi- ment with some of the other young ones, to see if it was really afl'ection I had witnessed, and she repeated very nearly the same conduct, now and then placing a leg over it. Altogether the little creature showed great excitement, and by running round them ap- peared exceedingly anxious about her little charges ; indeed, I never before saw sucli affection exhibited by any insect. And I must add that I certainly felt a pang at taking the lives of these creatures, 104. SCUTATINA. although if I had not doue so, it now turns out, from your remark, the verification of De Geer's observation (which I had never seen) would not have been made." Species 2. — Acanthosoma dentatum. CiMEX DBNTATUS, De G. Mem. iii, 2G0, 7 (1773). — H/EMAGASTEK, Schrlc. Eiiiim. Iiis. Aust. 270, 520 (1781). — LiTUBATUS, Fab. E. S. iv, 114, 131 (1791) ; S. 11. 170, 8-4 (1S03) ; Fall. Hem. Suec. 24, 4 (1829); ZelL Ins. Lap. 259, 3 (1840). — coLLARis, Fab. S. U. 170, 83 (1803). Pentatoma Stolli, Le P. et Serv. Euc. x, 53, 2 (1825). AcANXUOSOMA H.EMATOGASTEU, Bum. Hanb. ii, 360,4(1835); Koleii. Mel. Eut. iv, 59, 187 (1816). — H.EMAGASTEU, H. Schf. Nom. Ent. i, 57 (1835) ; Sahib. Geoc. Een. 32, 1 (1848). — DENTATUM, Ball. Trans. Eat. Soc. i, n. s. Ill, 2 (1851) ; Curt. Traus. Ent. Soc. i, n. s. 271, 2 (1852) ; Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 101, 2 (1860). Elasmostethus dentatus, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 328, 1 (1861). Elliptic, angulated in front, slightly shining, finely black-punctured, ochreous or greenish on i\iG pronoUi/m and corium, with the hinder sides of the pronotum, the clavus, and the inner and posterior margins of the corium, broadly blood-red ; abdomen above black ; coniiexivum yellow, the last segment and in the ? the 3rd genital segment red. Underside deep ochreous ; stigmata black. Head flat ; Face ; central lobe longer than the side lobes, depressed on the apex. Antennce ochreous or brownish, last two joints darker ; 1st joint long, passing beyond tlie liead ; 3rd subequal ; 2nd a little longer than the 3rd ; 5th longer than the 2nd ; 4th longer than the 5th. JEijes rounded. Ocelli brown. Bostrum reaching to the 2nd pair of coxa>, brownish, the end piceous. Tliorax. — T?ronotum narrow in front, anterior margin concave, angles a little produced and sinuate behind the eyes ; sides widely divergent; nearly straight ; hinder angles a little produced, very obtuse, rounded ; hinder sides nearly straight, deflected ; posterior margin slightly concave ; disk slightly convex, in front flat, ochreous, with a traus- RAPHIGASTRID.E. 105 verse smooth space ; hiudwardly greenish, the liiuder angles tipped with black, the hinder sides broadly, and sometimes the posterior margin narrowly, blood-red. Scutellum flat, greenish-ochreous, the base raised, convex, sometimes greenish or reddish. Elytra : Corium ochreous or greenish ; the inner and posterior margins (also the Clavus) broadly blood-red ; posterior margin straight, outwardly a little incrassated. Membrane transparent, light brown, with a fuscous, triangular spot on the middle of the anterior margin j of the 7 nerves the 4 outer ones spring from a curved cross nerve derived from 2 short parallel ones, joined at their base and forming a cell. Wings diaphanous, with a greenish, metallic lustre. Legs ochreous ; tihUe greenish ; tarsi brown. Abdomen above black, the posterior margin of the 6th segment narrowly red ; on the middle of the 4th segment two slight, longitu- dinal diverging keels ; between them and on each side a slight furrow ; on the 5th segment the two keels, still diverging, are continued, and from their midst a stronger keel rises and is continued across the 6th segment. Coimexivum yellow, on the 6th segment red, acutely pointed posteriorly. In the ? the posterior margin of the 3rd genital segment is nearly straight. Underside reddish-ochreous, the points of the 6th segment red ; the spine reaching to the second pair of coxse. Stigmata black. Length, 4i — 5i lines. Common on birch trees, in October. Species 3. — Acanthosoma pictum. CiMEX LiTUEATUs, TFolf, Ic. Cim. U, t. 2, fig. 14 (1800)?; Fall. Mou. Cim. U, 4 (1807); Hem. Suec. 24, 4 (1829), uou Fab. Acanthosoma picta, Newm. Ent. Mag. i, 287 (1833). — clypeata, Bum. Handb. ii, 361, 7 (1835). — LiTURATUM, H. Schf. Nom. Eut. i, 57 (1835); Ball. Trans. Eut. Soc. i, n. s. 112, 3 (1851). — PiCTiPENNE, Curt. Trans. Ent. Soc. i, n. s. 271 (1852). Cypiiostethus lituratus, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 328 (1861). Elliptic, long-angled in front, glossy apple-green, delicately, con- colorously punctured ; hinder angles of the pronotum scarcely produced, rounded ; hinder sides broadly blood-red. Corium 106 SCUTATINA. with a deep, longittidiual channel along the 1st nerve, outwardly green, inwardly pale blood-red and black-punctured, the red colour crossed by two smooth raised spaces and two fovege ; Mem- Irane diaphanous, crossed by a fuscous band. Abdomen above black ; Connexivum green. Underside pale apple-green, delicately concolorously crenate-punctate ; Stigmata also concolorous. Head long, angular, slightly convex ; Face ; central lobe rather flattened at the apex. Antennae green ; the 3rd and 4th joints at the apex, and 5th entirely, brown ; 1st not reaching beyond the head ; 5th subequal ; 3rd and 4th each a little longer, subequal ; 2nd a little the longest. Eyes not prominent, green. Ocelli reddish. Rostrum reaching beyond the 3rd pair of coxae. Tliorax. — Pronotum ; anterior margin concave, in the middle nearly straight ; angles a little produced and cut off obliquely behind the eyes ; sides divergent, a little concave ; hinder angles but little produced, and obtuse ; hinder sides nearly straight, much deflected 5 posterior angles acute, depressed ; posterior margin slightly concave ; disk in front with a very narrow smooth space, the ends of it curving towards the anterior angles. Scutellum ; the base convex, black- punctured ; the basal angles distinctly pale ; posteriorly with the indication of a central keel. Elytra : Clavus pale blood-red, con- colorously punctured ; Corium with a deep, narrow channel along- side the costal nerve, ending abruptly ; anterior to the channel the colour is green with concolorous punctures, on tlie inner side of it is a narrow smooth space ; the rest of the corium pale blood-red, with close black punctures ; across the red portion are two broad, smooth, raised spaces, the first going to the end of the clavus, the second going J'ro)n the end of the channel ; between them a wide fovea and another at the end of the channel ; posterior margin outwardly broadly rounded, incrassated ; Memlrane diaphanous, with 5 nerves, the 3 outer ones undulating at the base and joined together by a slender cross nerve, which forms 2 cells ; across the centre a fuscous band, a spot at the inner basal angle and another on the 2nd outer nerve of the same colour. JLeys green ; tarsi piceous-bluck. Abdomen above black ; in the centre of the 4th segment a wide, shallow furrow, bordered by several minute striae ; upon the 5th and 6th segments a slight keel ; Connexivum ; the side of the last segment prolonged and acute in both sexes. Genital segments ; in the $ none are visible from above ; beneath, the 2nd segment has the posterior UAPHIGASTRID^. 107 margin concave, with a tuft of hairs in the centre, and the sides pro- duced into a small, obtuse tooth, not reaching so far as the point of the connexivum ; in the 9 above, the posterior margin of the green 3rd segment is nearly straight, notched in tlie centre, and there spotted black, the sides rounded off within the points of the con- nexivum. Underside entirely pale apple-green, delicately con- colorously crenate-punctate ; the Stigmata concolorous. Length, 4^ to 4J lines. Common on juniper bushes, in autumn and spring. Species 4. AcANTHOSOMA HiEMORRIIOIDALE. CiJiKx H^MOBRHoiDALE, Li?i. F. S. 248, 925 (1761) ; S. N. 720, 35 (1767); Be G. Mem. iii, 254, 3, pi. 14, fig. 7 (1773); Schrk. r. B. ii, 70, 1099 (1801); Fab. E. S. iv, 98, 76 (1794); S. R. 160, 27 (1803); Don. Brit. Ins. vii, 5, pi. 218, fig. 2 (1798) ; Wolff, Ic. Cim. 10, t. 1. fig. 10 aSOO) ; Fall. Mon. Cim. 44, 3 (1807) ; Hem. Suec. 23, 3 (1829). CiMEX PABULixus, Harris, Exp. Eng. Ins. 88, pi. 26, fig. 2, (1776). ACANTHOSOMA H^MOKRHOIDALE, Curt. B. E. 1, 28 (1821) ; H. Scllf. Nom. Ent. i, 57 (1835); Burm. Handb. ii, 360, 3 (1835) ; Am. el aS^/t. Hem. 154, 1 (1843); Kolen. Mel Ent. iv, 58, 186 (1846) ; Ball. Trans. Ent. Soc. i, n. s. 110, 1 (1851); Flor, Rbyn. Liv. i, 99, 1 (1860). Pentatoma H.EMORKHOIDALIS, Le P. et Serv. Enc. x, 53, 1 (1825). Clinocoris — Halui, Wanz. ii, 71, t. 52, fig. 158 (1831). AcAXTiiosoMA — Fieb. Europ. Hem, 327 (1861). EUiptic, angled in front, slightly shining, ochreous or greenish, strongly black-punctured ; hinder angles of the pronotum much produced ; underside ochreous or reddish-ochreous. Head flat, finely punctured ; Face ; margins of the side lobes rather incrassated ; central lobe longer than the side lobes, depressed 108 SCUTATINA. on the apex. Antennce pitcliy-browu ; 1st joint long, passing far beyond the head ; 2nd nearly a« long as the 1 st ; 3rd not so long as 2ud ; 4th as long as the 1st ; 5th as long aa the 2nd. Eyes not pro- minent, seen from above triangnlar. Ocelli reddish. Rostrum reaching to the 3rd pair of coxa3, yellow, with a central brown hne. Thorax. — Pronotum reddish-ochreous or greenish ; anterior margin concave, anterior angles cut off obliquely behind the eyes ; sides widely divergent, concave ; hinder angles produced into a wide, pro- jecting, obtuse spine ; hinder sides long, much sinuate ; posterior margin concave ; disk with the punctures distant ; in front flat, on the 1st third a transverse, smooth, generally interrupted space ; hindwardly convex, hinder angles slightly recurved, reddish, the produced apex piceous or bltick. Scutellum, except the apex, margi- nate ; ochreous or reddish-ochreous ; punctures distant. Elytra : Corium greenish-ochreous, punctured finer and thicker than the pronotum or scutellum ; anterior margin incrassated ; posterior margin straight, incrassated ; Memhrane light brovra., with 7 nerves, and a cross-nerve at the base forming 2 cells. Wings coloured like the membrane. Sternum : legs ochreous, with very short hairs ; tarsi piceous. Abdomen above, on the last segments, with a central keel, which is channeled in the centre ; 1st 3 segments black, margins yellow; 4th and 5th the same, but in addition a large yellowish spot in the centre or with the anterior portion entirely yellowish-red ; 6th seg- ment, in the $ red, with two or three black spots; in the $ entirely red ; Connexivum yellow, on the 6th segment red, or entirely red. Genital segments : in the $ the 2nd has the sides produced beyond the obtuse ends of the 6th abdominal segment into an acute red spine ; in the $ the 3rd segment is a broad, red, recurved plate, projecting beyond the acute ends of the 6th abdominal segment. Length, 7 lines. Common on birch trees, in September. COREINA. 109 Section 2.—C0REINJ^ Family L— COREIDtE. Ge?ms 1. — Syromastes, Lafr. Broad, stout, elliptic. Head. — Croion quadrangular, horizontal ; at the end, between the antennae, with two small spines pointing inwards ; Face triangular, small, vertical, the base only of the central lobe visible from above. Antennce : tubercle short, broad, inserted at the end of the crown on the outer side ; 1st joint trigonate, long, strong, curving out- wardly, the base attached to the tubercle by a petiole on the outer side ; 2nd and 3rd joints cyHndrical, longer than the 1st ; 2nd longer than the 3rd ; 4th fusiform, shorter than the 1st, thicker than the 2nd or 3rd. Eyes rather large, roixnd, inserted on the sides of the head, near the base. Ocelli equally distant from the eyes and each other, prominent. Bostnim strong, reaching beyong the 2nd pair of coxae, 1st and 2nd joints long ; base in a deep channel, the sides of which are in front abruptly produced, hindwardly rounded. Thorax. — Pronofum hexangular, greatly deflected in front ; an- terior margin nearly straight, not wider than the head ; sides widely divergent, very sinuate, raised, hindwardly reflexed, and then pro- duced into a very broad, horizontal angle ; hinder sides long, straight, produced and rounded posteriorly ; posterior margin wide, across the scvitellum straight ; disk in front depressed, hindwardly convex, posteriorly with a transverse ridge longer than the base of the scutellum. Scutellum horizontal, flat, short, triangiilar. Elytra not so long as the abdomen ; Corium with the nerves fine ; Mem- hrane filled with a network of nerves, which (except 2 or 3 at the inner basal angle) diverge from a cross nerve near the corium, the space intervening forming a large cell. Sternum with a narrow rostral channel, deepest on the metasternum ; hinder margin of the Metasternum much produced over the abdomen. Legs strong ; thighs greatly, but gradually, incrassated ; on the underside with a channel, of which the edges are beset with very short blunt spines ; tibi(B on the upperside wdth a narrow channel ; tarsi ; the 1st joint as long as the 2nd and 3rd together. * Page 16. 110 COREINA. Abdomen above flat ; the last segment in the ^ posteriorly broadly rounded ; in the $ the posterior margin deeply concave ; beneath very convex within the connexivum ; the last segment, in both sexes, retracted and posteriorly deeply cut out. Connexivum not covered by the elytra, reflexed, very broad, gradually widened and then narrowed, ending in a short, subacute point. Genital segments in the $ not visible from above, but beneath one, elliptic and convex, projects through the last abdominal segment ; in the ?, on the upper side, two segments are visible, short, and not so wide as the last abdominal segment, their posterior margins concave, of the last one so much so as to form 2 obtuse points, which project beyond the last abdominal segment ; on the underside the last segment is reflexed posteriorly, and the anterior margin in the centre is covered by the cap-like 1st segment, at the sides of which only the pro- jecting points of the 2nd segment are visible. /Species 1. — Syromastes margin atus. CiMEX MARGiNATus, Lifi. T. S. 923, (1761); S. N. i, 719, 28 (1767); Scop. Ent. Carn, 124, 363 (1763) ; Rossi, F. E. ii, 231, 1301 (1790); Fab. E. S. iv, 126, 1 (1794) ; TfW, Ic. Cim. 20, t. 3, fig. 20 (ISOO). — AURiCTJLATUS, Be G. Mem. iii, 272, 17 (1773). CoBEUs VENATOE, Cogb. 111. Ic. ii, 82. t. 19, fig. 7 (1801). — MAKGiNATUs, Fab. S. R. 192, 6 (1803) ; Fall. Mon. Cim. 56, 1 (1807); Hem. Suec. 36, 1 (1829); Sckill.Beitr. 38, 1, t. 4, fig. 1 (1829) ; ZelL P. Ins. Lap. i, 466, 1 (1832) ; Ua/in, Wanz. ii, 102, t. 61, fig. 185 (1834); //. Sc/if. Norn. Ent. 41 (1835); Pa>i2. F. G., 117, 11 (1335) ; Zell. Ins. Lap. 261, 1 (1840); Ramb. F. And. ii, 137, 9 (1842), Syromastes MARGINATUS, Lair. Gen. iii, 118, ] (1801) ; Burm. Handb. ii, 315, 4 (1835) ; H.Sc/if. Wanz. iv, 1. 141, fig. 443 (1839) ; Am. el Serv. Hem. 207, 1 (1843) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 228 (1861). GoNOCERirs — Koleti. Mel. Ent. ii, 51, 11 (1845). Syromastes (Syromastes) marginatus, Flor, Rhyu. Liv. i, 172, 2 (1860). Light or dark brown, dull, very finely black-punctured through- out, Antennce : 1st joint brown, punctured, and finely but roughly COREIN^. Ill granulated; 2nd and 3rd red; 4th black. Eyfis and Ocelli hrown. Elytra : Membrane brown, shining. Underside entirely brown, shaded, very finely black-punctured. Legs: tliighs dark brown by reason of the close black punctures on a light bi'own ground ; tihice and tarsi reddish. Length, 54— 6|- lines. Common on various plants, in autumn. Genus 2. — Enoplops, Am. et Serv. Broad, stout, oval. Head. — Croirn quadrangular, nearly horizontal, convex, with a fine depressed line down the centre, the end produced at each side into a stout, short lobe, which is externally furnished with a short, out-curving spine ; Face very small, narrow, recurved under the crown ; the central lobe inserted between the terminal lobes of the crown, raised, and projecting beyond them, so that, viewed from above, it appears as a deflected spine ; on its upper surface are 3 small tubercles. Antennce : tubercle very short, broad, inserted at the end of the terminal lobes of the crown ; 1st joint very stout, trigonate, long, curved outwards, base truncate, attached to the tubercle by a veiy short petiole, produced from the outer side only; 2nd joint longer than the 3rd, almost cylindrical ; 3rd joint longer than the 1st, not quite so long as the 2nd, base round, the rest trigonate ; 4th joint fusiform, shorter than the 1st, much thicker than the 2nd and 3rd. Eyes moderate, round, inserted on the sides of the head, near the base. Ocelli equally distant from the eyes and each other, prominent. Nostrum strong, reaching beyond the 2nd pair of coxae ; 1st and 2nd joints long ; base in a short, deep channel, of which the sides are produced, rounded before and behind. TJiorax. — Pronotum hexangular, greatly deflected ; in front wider than the head, anterior margin concave, the exterior angles pro- duced into short spines ; sides widely divergent, very sinuate, in front minutely dentate, hiudwardly gi'eatly raised, and rather expanded ; hinder sides long, with a deep, angular notch, near the upper end, posteriorly gradually rounded into the long posterior margin ; disk, in front concave, hindwardly (within the broad hinder angles) convex, posteriorly with a transverse ridge longer than the base of the scuteUum. Scutellum horizontal, flat, short, triangular. 112 COREINA. Elytra not so long as the abdomen ; Cormm with the nerves fine ; Membrane filled with a network of nerves arranged as in Si/ro- mastes. Sternum with a shallow rostral channel, deeper and wider on the metasternum ; posterior margin of the Metasternum produced over the abdomen. Le(/s strong ; thighs not incrassated in the middle, without a channel beneath, unarmed ; 8rd pair angulated ; tihicB with a fine depressed line on the upper side ; tarsi, with the 1st joint as long as the other two together. Abdomen above flat, the last segment with the posterior margin in the $ slightly concave and bisinuate ; in the ? deejily concave, beneath very convex within the connexivum, the last segment with the posterior margin deeply cut out. Con7iexivum not covered by the elytra, reflexed, very broad, gradually widened and then narrowed, the last segment a little constricted in the centre and ending in a long, obtuse point. Genital segments as in Syromastes, but in the 9 '^1^^ ^^^^ segment is posteriorly produced into two long, broad points, which scarcely project further than the points of the connexivum. Species 1. — Enoplops Scapha. CouEUs ScApnA, Fab. E. S. iv, 127, 2 (1794) ; S. R. 193, 9 (1803) ; Coqb. 111. Ic. ii, 82, t. 19, fig. 5 (1799) ; Wolff, Ic. Cim. 69, t. 7, fig. 66 (1801) ; Curt. B. E. iv, pi. 174 (1827); Schill. Beitr. 39, 2, t. 4, fig. 2 (1829); Hahn, Wanz. ii, 103, t. 61, fig. 186 (1834) ; H. Schf. Panz. r. G. 116, 9 (1835) ; Norn. Ent.l, 41 (1835) ; Ramb. F. And. ii, 138, 10 (1842) ; Kolen. Mel. Ent. ii, 49, 7 (1845). Syromastes Scapha, Burm. Handb. ii, 315, 3 (1835). Enoplops Scapha, Am. et Sen. Hem. 208, 1 (1843) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 230, 1 (1861). Syromastes (Enoplops) Scapha, Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 171, 1 (1860). Above ochreous, entirely covered with fine black punctures, so that the colour appears dull fuscous. Head black, closely punctured, the lateral margins and anterior spine whitish. Antennce : 1st joint black, finely rugose-punctate, beneath ochreous, black-pimctured ; 2nd red ; 3rd, the base red, the rest black ; 4th black. Eyes and Ocelli bi'own. Eostrum piceoug. COREID^. 113 Thorax. — Pronotum, lateral margins whitish. Elytra : Corium ; anterior margin at the base narrowly whitish ; Membrane brown, shining. Sternmn ochreous, sparingly black-punctured ; Mesosternum in the centre, black. Legs ochreous ; thighs with large, confluent black spots, more distinctly marked beneath ; tihice finely haired, a row of small black spots beneath, the extremity piceous ; tarsi piceous, 1st joint at the base ochreous. Abdomen above, in the centre, yellow, the sides black ; Connexivum black, with a small yellow spot close to the outer margin of each segment, larger on the 6th. Underside ochreous, very finely punctured, both concolorously and black, with a row of small black spots on the anterior and posterior margins of each segment, and two large black spots on each side of the centre of the 2nd and 3rd segments ; the sides of the abdomen and the whole of the con- nexivum more or less fuscous by reason of the close black punc- tures. Stigmata small, yellow, with a black centre. Length, 5 — 6 lines. Local. Folkestone ; Scarborough, on Ononis, &c. {T. WiUcinson) ; from July to September ; Charmouth and Tenby {Dale) ; Nev/castle- ou-Tyne (Hancock'). Genus 3. — Gonocerus, Lafr. Elongate, elliptic, a little widened posteriorly. Head. — Crown elongate, quadrangular, a little deflected, rather convex, with a central depressed line, the end produced into two short, broad lobes, of which the oiiter angles are oblique and without spines ; Face small, triangular, deflected more than the crown, the central lobe longest, raised, narrow, and pointed, its base between the terminal lobes of the crown, with a depression on each side. Anfennce ; tubercle very small and flat, inserted at the end of the crown on the outer side ; 1st joint stout, trigonate, long, curved outwards, the base narrower, not petiolated ; 2nd and 3rd trigo- nate, narrower than the 1st ; 2nd much longer than the 1st and a little longer than the 3rd; 4th fusiform, shorter than the 1st. Eyes large, rounded, prominent, inserted rather below the middle of the sides of the head. Ocelli small, prominent, equally distant from the eyes and each other. Rostrum reaching the 8rd pair of 114 COREINA. coxae, slender, the base in a short channel, of which the sides are produced, but rounded. Thorax. — Pronotum hexangular, almost 8-sided, greatly deflected in front ; anterior margin not wider than the head, a little concave ; sides divergent, concave, hindwardly much raised and rather ex- panded ; hinder sides short, straight ; jDosterior margin, across the base of the scutellum, straight, extended upwards to the hinder sides almost in a straight line ; disk in front and centre depressed, rising in a curve to the hinder angles, posteriorly deflected, with a ridge longer than the base of the scutellum. Scutellum horizontal, flat, short, triangular. Elytra not so long aa the abdomen ; Membrane filled with fine anastomosing nerves, w^hich (except 3 at the inner basal angle) proceed from a cross nerve near the corium, the space there left forming a narrow, angulated cell. Sternum with a rostral channel deepest on the metasternum. Legs moderate ; tliighs not incrassated, unarmed ; tihice outwardly with a fine de- pressed line. Abdomen above flat, beneath convex ; Connexivum moderate, reflexed, covered by the elytra, not widened in the centre. Genital segments as in Syromastes, but on the upperside, in the $ , the 2 visible segments are both extended beyond the points of the con- nexivum, and the last is posteriorly produced (as in Enoplops) into 2 broad, flat points. Species 1. — Gonocerus venator. CoREUS VENATOR, Fab. E. S. iv, 128, 4 (1794); S. R. 194, 12 (1803); Wolf, Ic. Cim. 21, t. 3, fig. 21 (1800); Schill. Beitr. 40, 4 (1S29) ; H. Schf. Panz. F. G. 116, 15 (1835). — cHLOKOTicus, L. Duf. Recli. 35, 2 (3 827). Gonocerus venator, Burm. Haiidb. ii, 311, 1 (1835); Am. et Sen. Hem. 239, 3 (1843) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 229, 3 (1861). CoREUS CRUDUS, Newfii. Ent. Mag. v, 174 (1838). — (Gonocerus) venator, Kolen. Mel. Ent. ii, 51, 9 (1845). Light brown, dull, very finely black-punctured throughout. Antennce red-brown, finely concolorously punctured. Eyes brown. Ocelli red. Itostrtcm yellow, the end piceous. Elytra ; Membrane dark brown, shining. Underside entirely flavous, with concolorous COREID^. 115 and black, fine punctures. Legs flavous ; tihics at the ends, and the tarsi red-brown. Length, 6 — Q\ lines. Not common. Box Hill, Surrey, on box trees, in May. Genus 4. — Verlusia, Spin. Narrow and angulated in front, broader behind, and angulated at the sides of the abdomen. Head. — Croivn long, quadrangular, horizontal, slightly convex, with a fine depressed line down the centre, the end produced at each side into a short lobe ; Face narrow ; central lobe inserted between the terminal lobes of the crown, raised, projecting forwards and downwards, so that, viewed from above, it appears as a deflected spine ; on its upper surface are 2 small tubercles ; side lobes small, compressed, retracted under the crown. AnteniKs; tubercle very small, flat, inserted at the end of the terminal lobes of the crown ; 1st joint stout, long, trigonal, curving outwards ; base truncate, attached to the tubercle by a short, stout petiole produced from its outer side only ; 2nd and 3rd joints cylindrical, each longer and more slender than the 1st, the 3rd longer than the 2ud ; 4th joint fusiform, shorter than but as broad as the 1st. Eyes moderate, pro- minent, inserted below the middle of the sides of the head. Ocelli small, nearer to each other than to the eyes. Eostrum slender, reaching beyond the 2nd pair of coxse, the 1st 2 joints longest, subequal ; rostral channel short, the sides produced, rounded be- hind. Thorax. — Pronotum hexangular (almost 8-sided) ; anterior margin a little wider than the head, concave, the angles slightly produced ; sides widely divergent, slightly concave ; hinder angles pointed, slightly raised and expanded ; hinder sides long, at first shortly produced and angulated ; posterior margin, across the scutellum, straight ; disk flat, in front depressed, close to the posterior margin, with a Slight transverse ridge. Scutellum horizontal, flat, short, triangular. Elytra as long as the abdomen ; Clavus deflected towards the corium ; Corium raised in the centre, anterior margin slightly reflexed, posterior margin sinuate ; Membrane filled with anastomosing nerves, which, except 3 or 4 at the inner basal angle, arise from a cross nerve, leaving between it and the posterior margin 116 COREINA. of tlie corium a long narrow cell. Sternum with a rostral channel, deepest ou the metasternnni. Legs slender. Abdomen above concave ; the last segment in the (^ broadly rounded behind, with a wide, shallow notch in the centre ; in the ? the posterior margin deeply concave, produced exteriorly into a point. Underside convex, the 6th segment retracted and squarely cut out for the reception of the genital segments. Connexivmn not covered by the elytra, very broad in the centre, reflexed in a curve, forming a thin, triangular plate ; on the margin with a small triangular notch at the junction of the 4th and 5th and 5th and 6th segments. Genital segments in the ^J not visible above, but beneath one is seen projecting through the last abdominal segment, long, convex, and posteriorly rounded. In the $ , above, the last 2 segments are visible, both projecting far beyond the points of the connexiviim ; the former with its posterior margin very concave, on each side produced into a lanceolate point ; the latter also produced posteriorly into 2 lanceolate points, so that, including the points of the con- nexivum, the body ends in 6 points : on the underside the 3 seg- ments are visible, the 1st small, convex, and cap-like, resting pos- teriorly on the 3rd segment ; at its sides the broad points of the 2nd segment project from under the last abdominal segment ; the 3rd segment projects from below the 1st in the form of a concave plate with a ridge in the centre, and is posteriorly pointed, as on the upperside. Species 1. — Verlusia rhombea. CiMEx EHOMBEus, Liti. S. N. 1, 718, 22 (1767). AcANTHiA KHOMBEA, Rossi, F. E. ii, 226, 12S7 (1790). COREUS KHOMBEUS et QUADRATUS, Fab. E. S. iv, 1 32, 19 & 20 (1791) ; S. R. 199. 35 & 86 (1803). Lyg^us quadkatus, Coqb. 111. Ic. i, 37, t. 9, fig. 12 (1799J. CoREUS — Wolff, Ic. Cim. 70. t. 7, Hg. 67 (1801) ; Fall. Mon. Ciin. 56, 2 (1807); Hem. Suec. 36, 2 (1829); L. Buf. Rech. 35, 3 (1827) ; Schill. Beitr. 40, 3, t. 4, fig. 3 (1S29) ; H. Schf. Pauz. F. G. 118, 12 (1835); Ilahi, Wauz. ii. 104, t. 6]. fig. 187 (1839) ; Ramb. F. And. ii, 137, 8 (1842). — RUOMBEUS, Le p. et Serv. Enc. x, 59, 2 (1825). Syromastes quadratus, Burm. llaiidb. ii, 314, 1 (1835). COREID.E. 117 Veklusia qtjadrata, Spin. Hem. 147 (1837) ; Am. et Serv. Hem. 205, 1 (1843). CoREUS (Verltjsia) quadratus, Kolen. Mel. Ent. ii, 50, 8 (1845). Verlusia RHOJIBEA, i^iV/i. Europ. Hem. 229, 2 (1861); Sl°al, K. Vet. Akad. Eorh. 204, 1 (1862). Dull yellowish-brown; above entirely but very minutely black- punctured, and granidated. Sead darker. Antennce ; 1st joint fuscous or dull reddish, finely punctate-granulate ; 2nd and 3rd yellowish-red ; 4th black, the tip red. SJyes brown. Ocelli reddish. Bostrum ochreous, tip piceous. Thorax. — JPronotum ; sides ochreous. JElytra ; Jilembrane hrown, shining. Wings pale brown, -svdth darlter nerves. Legs flavous; thighs sometimes darker. Abdomen above orange ; the base black, and a row of black spots down each side ; Connexivum concolorous with the elytra, with small black spots on the margin. Underside pale ochreous ; the connexivum and sides of the abdomen pale fuscous, the rest of the abdomen with large, shallow, concolorous punctures. Length, 4^ — 5^- lines. Not rare. On various trees and shrubs, in the autumn. Genus 5. — Coreus, Fab., Fieb. Elliptic, narrow and angulated in front, granulated. Head with small distant tubercles, each bearing a hair ; Crown quadrangular, very convex, rugose, the end widened at each side into a very short, outwardly pointing lobe, within which the tubercle of the antennae is hidden ; Face broad, quadrate, deflected ; the central lobe narrow, bearing a row of several small tubercles ; side lobes rounded in front. Antennce rather short and stout, granulated and closely beset with short hairs, which are very thick at their base ; 1st and 4th joints thickest ; the 1st and 3rd, in length, sub- equal ; the 2nd and 4th a little shorter ; the 4th conical. Eyes large, round, prominent, iusei'ted below the middle of the sides of the head. Ocelli large, prominent, rather nearer to each other than to the eyes. Rostrum reaching beyond the 2nd pair of coxae, 2ud joint longest; the channel sides produced, short, flat, rounded at each end. 118 COREJNA. Thorax. — Pronoium deflected, almost flat, subtrapeziform ; the sides nearly straight ; hinder angles acute and slightly raised ; the posterior margin rounded at the ends ; both the sides and the pos- terior margin as far as the scutellum, set with strong projecting spines, each with a hair arising before its apex ; disk rugose, with very short obtuse tubercles, each ending with a hair ; within the posterior margin suddenly deflected towards the latter. Scufellum horizontal, small, triangular ; the posterior angle prolonged ; the sides with fine, short spines. Elytra as long as the abdomen ; Clavus deflected to the corium ; Corium ; the anterior margin nearly straight, reflexed ; the 1st nerve strong, raised ; the disk rugose- punctate ; Meonhrane filled with nerves, of which 6 arise from a cross nerve, between which and the posterior margin of the corium is left a wide quadrangular cell ; beyond their origin the nerves throw out several branches and cross nervures. Stermim with a rostral channel, deepest on the ^ro- and metasternum. Legs short, hinder thujlis longest, incrassate, spined on the underside; tarsi; the 1st joint as long as the other two together. Abdomen above flat, beneath convex, posteriorly somewhat ridged ; the last segment deeply cut out, roundly in the ^ , angularly in the ? . Connexivum not covered by the elytra, broad, reflexed, rounded ; on the margin each segment j^roduced into a small, acute tooth ; the last segment, in both sexes, posteriorly produced at each side into a broad obtuse spine, which is nearly straight on the inner side. Genital segments ; in the ^J scarcely visible above ; on the underside one is visible, convex, rounded, ending with a small tubercle. In the ? , above, two segments are seen, the 1st narrow, 2nd with the sides sloping inwards, and posteriorly truncate ; on the underside the 1st segment is lozenge-shaped, projecting on to the 3rd, which is convex and narrow, the end truncate, and not extending beyond the points of the connexivum ; of the 2nd, the prolonged sides only are visible, lying on the sides of the 3rd. Species 1. — CoREUs hirticornis. CoKETJs HiKTicoKNis, Fab. E. S.. iv, 131, 17 (1794); S. R. 198, 31 (1803); Panz. F. G. 92, 17; Le P. et Se.ro. Euc. X, 59, ] (1S25) ; Fall. Hem. Suec, 37, 3 (1S29) ; Py^amb. P. And. 135, 5 (1812) ; Am. et Serv. Heui, 238, 1 (1813). COREID^. 1 19 CoiiEUS HiRTicoRNis et I'lLicoKNis, Buriii. llandb. ii, 309, 1 & 2 (1835) ; Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 176, 177, 1 & 2 (1860); /'/ei. Europ. Hem. 221, 4 & 5 (1861). — AFFiNis, H. Schf. Wanz. iv, 97, t. 141, fig. 441 (1839). ? Mekocokis serkatus, Costa, Atti, 371 (1847). Dasycoris denticulatus, Ball. Cat. Hem. 519, 1 (1852) ; Sleln. Berl. Eut. Zeits. iv, 248, 3 (ISGO). ? CoREUs WoLrni, Gorski, Anal. 148, 96 (1852). Above dull, dark cinuamon or cbocolate-brovpu, very rugose, aud beset with short stiff hairs ; beneath ochreous. Head. — Antenncd ; the 1st 3 joints red-brown; the 4th black, with the tip red. ^yes and Ocelli dark brown. Bostrum dark brown ; the produced sides of the rostral channel ochreous. Thorax. — Fronotum ; lateral margins narrowly whitish, the spines also whitish, the spine at the hinder angle longer ; the spines on the posterior margin brown, the one on each side of the scutellum the longest and whitish. Scutellum; the spines on the sides con- colorous or whitish. Elytra ; Gorium with black, rugose, granular points, in longitudinal rows ; Ifemh-ane slightly shining, ochreous, the nerves brown, with pale intervals. Sternum ; on each side of the rostral channel, on the mesostermun, a large black spot. Legs ; thiglis rugose, chocolate-brown, mottled, especially beneath, with ochreous ; the 2nd pair beneath with 1 short spine ; the 3rd pair darkest, on the underside with several out-curving spines, of which two are much longer than the rest. The 1st long spine is near the tibia, but before it are 4 small ones, the 1st being the shortest, and the 4th only half the length of the long spine ; the 2ud long spine is not so long as the 1st, and is at some distance from it ; sometimes there is a very small tooth between them. Further back, at the Bame distance as between the two long spines, a 3rd and 4th shorter spine are sometimes placed, but one or other is more frequently absent : the two long spines have the base broadly, and the apex narrowly, black, the intermediate portion whitish. Tihice ochreous or reddish, with fine, short, black hairs ; tarsi ochreous or piceous. Abdomen above orange-red, the 1st and 2nd segments entirely, and the 3rd at the sides, black. Connexivum ochreous or reddish- brown. Underside ochreous, with a central and two lateral brown lines. Length, 4^ lines. 120 COREINA. Not rare. Darenth, Folkestone, ou thistles by the roadside, in July ; Weybridge, by sweeping grasses, in August ; Eltbam, in moss on the ground, August. The chief points of difference between C. Jiirticorms, Fab., and C pilicornis, Khig, according to Flor, are, that the former is " long- haired, the head on the upperside with prominent tubercles between the granules ; the side margins of the pronotum with strong, pointed teeth, the last on the hinder angles not, or very little, larger than the rest." The latter " is short-haired ; the head on the upper- side without tubercles ; the teeth on the side margins of the^ro- notum small, the last on the hinder angles perceptibly the largest." Fieber says of G. hirticornis, " Hinder thighs with 5 spines, the last and before the middle small" (the presence of the hinder smaller spines we do not find to be constant). Of C. pilicornis he says, " Hinder thighs with 2 strong spines and 1 small middle spine." But Flor says that in both species the hinder thighs are toothed exactly alike. The synonymy is extremely confused. Flor describes both C. hirticornis, Fab., and C.2)ilicorms, Klug ; yet he says of the former, " This species has very great similarity with the latter, and it is possible that a large number of examples of both sjiecies would exhibit transitional characters and make their union necessary." Stein, in the Berlin ' Ent. Zeit.' for 1860, not only amalgamates the two species, but gives them as synonymous with Gimex denticulatus, BiCO])., AcantJiia denfic'ulafa,l^ossi; Goreus denticulatus, Wolff; and Goretis scabricornis, Pauz., attributing their differences to climatic influences over a wide geographical range. Fieber, on tlie other hand, has not only kept all as distinct species, but has even j^laced Gimex dentimdatus, Scop., in a new genus {Bothrostethus) . Among this conflict of opinions, and being without specimens of the species referred to, we believe we have not erred in uniting G. hirticornis and G. pilicornis. Genus 6. — Spathocera, Stein. Sead finely granulated above and beneath ; Groion quadrangular, convex, the sides in front produced into a short, sharp spine, within which the tubercles of tlie antenna? are plainly visible ; behind the COREIDiE. 121 eyes constricted into a short, smooth neck ; Face narrow, vertical, the central lobe prominent, with short spines ; side lobes small and short. Aiitennce short, strong, granulated ; 1st joint 3-sided, short, stout ; 2nd and 3rd much thinner ; the 3rd thickened sud- denly, and 3-sided at the apex ; 4th pointed - ovate, the apex finely haired. Eyes large, flattened. Ocelli large, prominent. Rostrum reaching to the middle of the mesosternum ; 1st and 2nd joints long, in length subequal ; 3rd and 4th joints shorter, Sub- equal ; the base in a short channel, with raised sides. Thorax. — Pronotum deflected, finely punctured, and granulated, long-trapeziform, in front as wide as the base of the head ; sides sinuate, rounded off" before the raised hinder angles, which, how- ever, are subacute ; the margins narrowly reflexed ; hinder margin straight across the scutellum, but roundly produced over the base of the corium ; the disk, posteriorly, suddenly deflected to the posterior margin. Scutellum cordate, the base deeply concave, with a slight central keel ; the apex raised. Elytra ; Claims deflected to the corium ; Corium horizontal, nerves prominent ; Membrane filled with a net- work of nerves, which radiate from 3 stronger nerves arising from the base. Sternum with a narrow rostral channel, ending on the mesosternum. Legs short, strong, angulated, unarmed ; tarsi ; 1st joint as long as the 2nd and 3rd together. Abdomen above flat, beneath convex ; on the upperside in the $ the end is rounded ; in the $ the last segment has the posterior margin concave, with 2 genital segments projecting beyond in the form of a broad, square, central plate, and an obtuse point at each side of it. On the underside, in the ^ , the last abdominal segment is deeply cut out for the genital segments, which are globose and not projecting ; in the $ , the last abdominal segment has a central depression, with a small keel in its middle, and the posterior margin is concave ; the 1st genital segment has a slight central keel in con- tinuation of that on the last abdominal segment, and the posterior margin is nearly straight ; the obtuse points of the 2nd segment lie at the sides of the third segment, which is broad and square, as on the upperside, but with 2 on-lying lobes. 122 COREINA. Species 1. — Spathocera Dalmani. CoKEUS Dalmani, Schill. Beitr. 41, 5, t. 1, fig. 1 (1S29). Arenocokis Dalmannii, Halm, Wanz. ii, 112, t. 64 fig. 193 (1834). PsEUDOFHLCEUs Dalmanni, Biirm. Handb. ii, 308, 2 (1835). Spathoceea Dalmani, Sieiji, Berl. Eiit. Zeits., iy, 254, 1 (1860) ; Stat, K. Vet. Akad. Fdrii. 205, 1 (1862). — Dahlmanni, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 216, 2 (1861). Varies in colour from dull oclireous-brown to fuscous-brown, but always with the sides of the pronohim whitish. Head. — Crown with 4 rows of very short, stout spines, and a single similar spine behind each eye. Antennce ; 1st joint generally dark brown ; 2nd and 3rd dull ochreous, the latter black at the apex ; 4th black, the hairs at the apex whitish. Eyes dark brown, shining. Ocelli reddish-brown, shining. Rostrum piceous ; the raised sides of the rostral channel ochreous. Thorax. — Pronotum in the centre ochreous, fuscous in front and behind ; the side margins thickly set with whitish granulations, the white colour extending the whole length of the sides, but diminishing to a narrow line at the rounding of the posterior angles ; on the disk a slight central keel extending from the anterior margin half way up, and on each side of it a longer, higher, and broader ridge, with a deep furrow between them. Scutellum ; the concave base semi- circularly black, divided by a raised ochreous line, the remainder ochreous or fuscous. Elytra; Clavus finely punctured in rows; Corium very finely granulated, unicolorous, or in light coloured examples with darker spots, and generally a short whitish line on the middle of the hinder margin ; Memhrane fuscous, with darker nerves. Sternum ochreous, clouded with brown at the sides, and black in the centre. JLeys ; thighs brown and ochreous, mixed ; tihice ochreous, with 3 faint, narrow rings and the apex brown ; tarsi; 1st joint ochreous ; 2ud and 3rd black. Abdomen above reddish or fuscous ; Connexivum reddish-brown, with a lighter spot at the junction of the segments. Underside reddish or fuscous brown, the posterior margins of tlie segments pale, spotted with black. Length, 3 lines. Rare. Hitherto captured in England only by us, at Weybridge, Surrey, under moss, on a sandy hillock, late in August, 18G3 ; and by Dr. Power, at the same place, in May, 1864. COREIDiE. 123 Genus 7. — Pseudophlceus, Burm. Long-oval, angulated in front ; head, antennce, pronotum, and legs granulated. Head. — Crown short, broad, quadrangular or quadrate, suddenly contracted behind the eyes ; in front with the sides produced into a short process, within which are the tubercles of the antennae ; Face nearly vertical, triangular ; the central lobe longest, raised, with two rows of strong granidations. Antennce short, granulated; 1st joint short, thick, oval, with strong granulations ; the base petiolated ; 2nd and 3rd much thinner than the 1st, and more finely granulated ; the 2ud fths the length of the 1st, and a ti-ifle thicker than the 3rd ; 3rd joint 2^ or 3 times longer than the 1st ; 4th joint as long and as thick or thicker than the 1st, fusiform, suddenly and greatly con- stricted just above its insertion, the remainder of the joint having a narrow attachment to the base thus formed (this peculiar structure making it appear as if there were a minute joint between the 3rd and 4th) ; the basal half of the fusiform portion is granulated and thereby incrassated, while thg remainder is finely haired, and, the transition from one part to the other being rather abrupt, the joint has the appearance of an acorn in its cup. JEJ^es round, prominent, inserted below the middle of the sides of the head. Ocelli large, very prominent. Rostrum reaching to the 2nd pair of coxa?, rather strong ; 2nd joint rather longer than the 1st ; 3rd and 4tli shorter ; subequal; the sides of the rostral channel raised, produced for about half tlie length of the head. Thorax. — Pronoium short, broad, indistinctly hexagonal, the hinder angles being broadly rounded ; anterior margin concave, wider than the base of the head, anterior angles acute ; sides diver- gent, nearly straight or concave ; hinder angles raised, obtuse ; pos- terior margin nearly straight ; disk more or less strongly granulated and punctured ; postei'iorly a narrow portion is suddenly deflected to the posterior margin. Scutellum small, triangular, concave ; apex raised, pointed, or bilobed. Elytra as long as the abdomen, anterior margin nearly straight ; Clavus deflected to the corium ; Coriuin horizontal ; anterior margin slightly reflexed ; posterior margin straight ; nerves strong, prominent ; Memlrane filled with nerves, which give out anastomosing branches in their course ; these mostly proceed from a 124 COREINA. strong cross nerve distant from the base of the membrane, where a wide space is left, crossed by 2 or 8 nerves only, near the inner margin. Sternum with a deep, rounded rostral channel, ending in a deeper fovea on the mesosternum. Legs rather short ; thir/lis gra- dually thickened towards the apex ; tarsi; 1st joint as long as the other 2 together. Abdomen above flat, beneath convex ; the last segment posteriorly cut out for the genital segments — roundly in the ^ , angularly in the ? , as in Cbre?iz. F. G. 79, 21 ; L. Bi'f. Kech. 47, 2 (1827). Alydus Htosciami, Schill. Beitr. 49, 2, t. 5, fig. 5 (1829). CoRizus Hyoscyami, Fall. Hem. Suec. 44, 6 (1829) ; Curt. B. E. xi, 481 « (1833); HaJin, Wauz. i, 18, t. 3, fig. 10, (1S31) ; Burm. Haudb. ii, 306, 1 (1835) ; Ramb. F. And. ii, 112, 1 (1812) ; //. Schf. Wanz. vi, 1 (1842) ; is, 269 (1851) ; Kolen. Mel. Eut. ii, 58, 18 (1845). 9 130 CORETNA. Theuafha Hyosciaaii, Am. et Serv. Hem. 245, 2 (1843). Couizus (TnEUAPnA) Hyoscyami, Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 196, 5 (1S60). TuERAPiiA Hyoscyami, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 232 (1801). Scarlet, with black spots above aud beneath, slightly sliiuing. Head scarlet, bordered narrowly all round with black, but broader behind the eyes and about the ocelli. AntenncB black. Eyes pitchy- black. Ocelli red. Underside red, the centre of the head and the sides of the rostral channel black. Itostrum black. Thorax. — Pronotum scarlet, the anterior margin and depression, and a large bilobed patch at the base, black. Scutellum ; the base broadly black, the rest scarlet. Elytra ; Claims black ; Corium scarlet, two small spots near the Clavus, and a large, rounded, poste- rior one, touching the anterior margin only, black ; Ilemhrane light smoky-brown, the basal angles black. Winys light smoky-brown. Sternum scarlet, the centre and two round spots on each side black, the base of the lateral metasternal process also black. Leys ; thiyhs black, the upper edge (except, sometimes, on the 1st pair) with a narrow ochreous line ; tihiw black, beneath with a narrow ochreous line ; tarsi black. Abdomen above scarlet, the 1st and 6th segments entirely, and a large, transverse, quadrangular patch on the anterior portion of the 2nd segment, black ; ConnexiDum scarlet. Underside scarlet, with a lateral row of round spots and a central row of larger oval sj)ots, black, the spot on the last segment being the largest, aud confluent with the side spots on the same segment ; Genital seyments in the $ , with the visible portion black. Length 4i — 5 lines. " Oharmouth, Teignmouth, Dawlish Warren and Eavenglass, May 20th to July 1st, on thistles and restharrow; Veutnor, 1st August, on Ononis; Sandhills, Braunton Burrows, beginning of September " {Curtis, 1. c.) ; Tenby, Portland, &c., August and September {Dale). Genus 2. — Corizus, Fall. Head. — Croivn deflected, broad, subquadrate, incrassated round, and especially behind, the eyes, postcrioidy constricted ; in front produced at the sides into a short, blunt, deflected process, within which the tubercle of the anteuntB is concealed ; Face vertical, coEiziD.i;. 131 triangular, short, convex, the central lobe broad and raised. Antennce slender; 1st joint stout, subovate; 2nd, 3rd, and 4th in length sub- equal ; the 4th thicker than the 3rd, fusiform. Eyes large, round, prominent. Ocelli large, promiiient, distant. Eostrum slender, reaching beyond the 2nd pair of coxse ; rostral channel short and shallow, with the sides raised in front. Thorax. — Pronofum deflected, trapezoidal, slightly convex, ante- rior margin narrower than the head, a transverse ridge in front just within the anterior margin, and a fine raised line down the centre, often indistinct ; hinder angles obtuse, raised, with a deep depres- sion on the inner side extending to the posterior margin. Scutellum short, triangular, the apex raised. 'Ehjtra as long as or longer than the abdomen ; Coriwm, anterior margin straight ; posterior margin straight, rounded into the anterior margin ; dist flat, more or less transparent ; nerves rather strong ; Memhrane transparent, filled with fine, straight, and anastomosing nerves, mostly arising from a strong cross nerve at the base. Sternum with a rostral channel on the ?neso- and metasternum; the posterior margin of the Metasternum produced over the abdomen, at the sides lying alongside the base of the Connexivum, and visible from above. Legs in length moderate ; tliiglis somewhat incrassated, slender at the base ; tihicB and tarsi slender, the 1st joint of the latter as long as the 2nd and 3rd together. Abdomen above, flat, the last segment obtusely pointed or rounded ; Connexivum wide, rounded, reflexed. Underside convex, the last segment not so long as on the upper side. Genital segments after death not visible, being retracted witliin the last abdominal segment. Species 1. — Corizus crassicornis. CiMEX CKASsicoRNis, Liu. F. S. 952 (1761) ; S. N. i, 729, 92 (17C7). LYG.15US — Fc/l^. E. S. iv, IGS, iU (179-1); UW, Ic- Ciin. 145, fig. 140 (1804). CoBEUs — Fab. S. R. 201, 40 (1803) ; Fall. Mon. Cim. 58, 5 (1807) ; Pam. F. G. 92, IS. Corizus — Fall. Hem. Suec. 41, 1 (1829) ; Zelt. F. Ins. Lap. i, 467, 2 (1832) ; Burm. Handb. ii, 806, 4 (1835) ; Zeii. Ins. Lap. 261, 1 (1840) ; H. ScJif. Wanz. vi, 2 (1842) ; Kolen. Mel. Ent. ii, 61, 23 (1845) ; Sfal, K. Vet. Akad. Forh. 208, 3 (1862). 132 COREINA. PtHOPHALUS GRASsicoRNis, SctVill. Beitr. i, 50. 1, t. 6, fig. 2 (1829) ; Hahn, Wanz. iii, 2, fig. 227 (1835); Sahib. Geoc. Ten. 45, 1 (1848) ; Fleb. Europ. Hera. 234, 3 (1861). CoRizus 51AGNIC0IINIS, Biimi. Haiidb. ii, 306, 3 (1835). CoKizus (CoKizus) CKASsicoKNis, IloT , llhyii. Liv. i, 190, 1 (1860). Fuscous brown or black, strongly punctured. Head with coarse, confluent punctures, posteriorly witb a smooth black ring, the frontal processes very short and deflected, the tubercles of the antennae just visible within. Antennas rather strong, ochreous, obscured by black punctures, which form a line on the upper side of the first 3 joints, 4th joint black. Eyes and ocelli ochreous-brown. Tliorax. — Pronotum thickly black-punctured on a scarcely per- ceptible ochreous ground, the sides slightly sinuate, the lateral and posterior margins, the transverse ridge and the central line, ochreous. ScuteUum black, with strong confluent punctures, the margin slightly incrassated, constricted before the apex, which is obtuse and concave ; the extreme end, a spot on the lateral margin near the base, and sometimes one in the centre, red. Elytra ; Clavus and Coriuni whitish, transparent, except the anterior margin of the latter, which is ochreous and opaque ; nerves reddish, with large, long black spots ; Membrane and nerves whitish, transparent. Wings, transparent. Sternum finely punctured, ochreous, the sides brown ; the prolonga- tion of the metasternum short, sinuate, outwardly rounded. Legs ochreous, closely spotted with black, the 3rd pair of thighs black above ; tarsi ochreous, the end of the joints broadly black. Abdomen above black ; 4th segment posteriorly, angularly cut out in the middle, across which a red spot extends joining a smaller red spot on the 3rd and 5th segments ; the 5th segment has also two other red spots on the anterior margin, its posterior margin is entirely red ; the Gth segment black, with 4 red or reddish spots, whereof two are anterior and oval, two posterior and subquadrate ; Connexiinim black, with orange spots. Underside ochreous, brown- punctured, generally with 4 longitudinal darker lines, and the sides brown. Length, 3i — 4 lines. Eare. Parley Heath and near Milton, Dorset (Dale). CORIZID/E. 133 Sjjecies 2. — Coiuzus maculatus. CoRizus MACULATUS, Fleb. Beitr. i, 349, 30, t. 2, f. 26 (1836) ; H. Schf. Wanz. vi, 2, t. 181, fig. 559 (1812); Kolen. Mel. Ent. ii, 61, 22 (1815) ; GorsH, Anal. 162, 115; Fleb. Europ. Hem. 235, 1 (1861). — 'L^m,Bohem. Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forli. 51, 3 (1852); Sign. Km. Soc. Ent. Erance, 3 ser. vii, 91, 30 (1859) ; Stal, K. Vet. Akad. Eorh. 208, 4 (1862). — (Coiuzus) maculatus, Flor, Rlijii. Liv. i, 193, 3 (1860). Above yellowisli or browish-red, sliining ; strongly, distinctly punc- tured, and with fine longish hairs ; beneath flavous. Head strongly, confluently punctured. Antenncs pale red, the last joint darker. Eyes and Ocelli brown. Rostrum flavous, beneath with a piceous line. Underside strongly, distinctly punctured. Thorax. — Pronotum strongly, distinctly punctured. Scutellum with strong confluent piinetures, the apex obtu.se, with the margins incrassated, leaving a hollow within. Ehjtra; Clavus and inner half of the Corium whitish, transparent, the anterior half dark brown- red ; nerves red, with small black spots ; JSIemhrane transparent, with a light brownish cloud at the base. Sternum with a black spot at the base of each coxa, the sides brownish, with fine, distinct punctures, the centre and the prolonged posterior margin of the Metasternum smooth. Legs yellowish red, finely haired ; tliiglis with minute brown dots; apex of the last joint of the tarsi, and the claws black. Abdomen above reddish-yellow, the margin and large spots projecting inwards, black; the last segment elongated, with 2 or 3 black spots in a line in the centre : Connexivum- reddish, with a black spot on each segment. Underside flavous, with a row of black spots on each side, and one in the centime, except on the last 2 segments. Length, 3^ — 4 lines. Scarce ; 2 specimens, locality unknown. Species 3. — Coiuzus capitatus. LiG.EUs CAPITATUS, Fab. E. S. iv, 169, 118 (1794); IFolff, Ic. Cim. 75, t. 8. fig. 72 (1801). CoKEUs — Fab. S. R. 201, 49 (1803) ; Fall. Mou. Cim. 59, 6 (1807). 13 A COREINA. lliiorALUS CAPITATUS, ScMll. Beitr. i, 5], 2 (1829) ; HuJin, Waiiz. iii, 3, t. 74, fig. 228 (1835) ; Am. et Serv. Hem. 246, 1 (1843) ; Sahib. Geoc. Ten. 46, 4 (1848). CoKizus — Fall. Hem. Suec. 42, 2 (1829) ; Zeit. P. Ins. Lap. i, 467, 2 (1832); Ins. Lap. 261, 2 (1840); H. Sch. Wauz. vi, 2 (1842), ix, 269 (1851) ; Burnt. Handb. ii, 307, 5 (1835) ; Kolen. Mel. Ent. ii, 62, 25 (1845); Fieb. Europ. Hem. 235, 2 (1861) ; Stal, K. Vet. Akad. Eorli. 209, 6 (1862). CoKisus — Ramb. F. Aud. ii, 142, 2 (1842). CoRizus (CoRizus) CAPITATUS, Flor, Piliju. Liv. i, 192, 2 (1860). Above yellowisli or reddish-browu, shiuiug, with very fine loiigisli hairs; beneath red and ochreous. Head strongly, confluently punctured. Antennce brownish-yellow, or reddish, the last joint brown. Ei/es and Ocelli brown. Bostnmi pieeous. Thorax. — Pronotum finely, confluently punctured, the hinder angles deeper coloured than the disk. Sctctellum with strong, con- fluent punctures, the apex almost bilobed, with the margins incras- sated, leaving a hollow within. Elytra ; Clavus whitish, trans- parent ; Cormni whitish, transparent, except the outer posterior angle, which is red and opaque ; the nerves with large black dots ; Monbrane whitish transparent. Sternum red-brown, with fine con- fluent punctures, the centre black ; on the metasternum at the base of the posterior coxae, a spot and conjoined semicircle, white ; the margin of the produced hinder portion which is seen from above is also white. Legs finely haired; tldfjlis reddish-brown, with dark brown or black dots ; tibias yellowish, with long black spots ; tarsi flavous, the end of the joints black. Ahdomeii above black ; the 3rd and 4th segments with one large oval spot across their max'gins in the centre; the 5th segment with 2 long spots on the anterior margin, yellowish ; the 6th segment elongate, obtusely pointed, the sides broadly yellowish : Conneocivum black, with broad yellow, transverse intervals. Underside ochreous, the sides, especially at the base, red-brown, sometimes a dark line down the centre, and on the posterior margin of the segments. Length, 3 — 3^ lines. Scarce. Mickleham, by sweeping in September {Rye). coRiziu^. 135 Species 4. — Corjzus parumpunctatus. PiiioPALUS PARUMPUXCTATUS, Schill. Beitr. 53, i (1S29); Huha, Waiiz. iii, 4, t. 74, fig. 229 (1835); Panz, F. G. 117, 10. CoRizus — Sifjii. Anu. Soc. Ent. Trance, 3. s. vii, 85, 13 (1859); Fieb. Europ. Hem. 23(3, 4 (1851) ; Stal, K. Vet. Akad. E6rb. 209, 5 (1862). — PKATENSis, Fall. Hera. Suec. 42, 3, pars (1829). (CoRizus) PKATENsis, Flor, Rhyu. Liv. i, 195, 4, pars (1860). Eeddish or oehreovis-brown, shining, very finely haired. Head with coarse, confluent punctures, a large spot on the iucras- sation round the eyes, and a small spot at the base of the ocelli black. Autennce reddish-yellow, 4th joint brown, the first 3 minutely dotted with brown, ^i/es brown, ocelli reddish. Thorax. — Fronotum towards the front somewhat depressed, the disk distinctly, widely, brown or black-punctured, and with a delicate ceiitral line, the depression within the hinder angles, and generally the anterior margin, black or brown. Scutellum reddish, with strong confluent punctures, the lateral margins smooth, iucrassated, the apes obtusely pointed, leaving a hollow within, above which and at each basal angle is a black spot ; generally, also, the entire base is narrowly black. Elytra ; Clavus and Corium yellowish, trans- parent, except the anterior margin of the latter, which is some- times reddish ; nerves spotted with black ; Membrane yellowish, transparent. Wings transparent. Sternum ochreous, fuscous or reddish, at the sides with confluent punctures, the prolonged posterior margin of the metasternum smooth, deeply sinuate. Legs ochreous or reddish, dotted with black, more strongly on the 3rd pair ; tihice yellowish, minutely dotted with black : tarsi yellowish, the end of the joints and the claws black. Abdomen above black ; a large, somewhat oval, yellow spot, com- mencing on the 3rd, extends across the -ith segment ; 5th segment witli 2 central spots on the anterior margin, and two small distant spots on the posterior margin, ochreous ; 6th segment ochreous, elongate, posteriorly with the sides parallel, the end truncate, down the centre a strong black mark, and a narrow, pointed one on each side. Connexivum ochreous or reddish, the margin with small black 136 CORETNA. spots. Underside ochreous, the sides fuscous, obscurely punctured, finely haired. Length, 3^ lines. Scarce. Deal, August ; Weybridge, September (Scott) ; under the leaves of herbaceous plants. Genus 3. — Myemus, Hahu Narrow, elongate, with very short, projecting hairs. Head a little deflected, convex, the sides parallel ; Crown quadran- gular, base iucrassated ; the antenniferous processes lower than the facial lobes, short, obtuse, deflected, not projecting, but concealing the tubercle of the antennae ; 'Face ; the lobes raised, distinct, the central lobe longest, at the apex broader than the side lobes, the hairs thereon very short, projecting forwards. Antennce of moderate length, with very short, projecting hairs ; 1st joint scarcely so long as the crown, the base gradually narrowed inside; 2nd twice as long as the 1st, tapering, the base not so thick as the apex of the 1st ; 3rd slightly tapering, nearly as long as the 2ud ; 4th fusiform, frds as long as the 3rd, and thicker; the junction of the 2nd, and 3rd, and 4th, and 5th well defined. Eijes moderate, semi- globose, prominent. Ocelli moderate, distant, situate at the end of a slight furrow which extends forward, behind the eyes. Ros- trum reaching the 2nd pair of coxae, the base in a very short raised channel. Thorax. — Pronoium slightly convex, trapezoidal ; on the 1st third a slight cross swelling ; in the centre a fine raised line; hinder angles scarcely raised, but within them a furrow runs out on the posterior margin ; posterior margin very slightly concave. Sctifclhim trian- gular, apex obtuse, sides slightly rounded, margins slightly iucras- sated and constricted near the apex. Elytra, usually with only part of the coriimi and a rudiment of the membrane; when developed they are not so long as to cover the abdomen ; Claims and Corium transparent, nerves prominent ; JSLemhrane transparent, filled with nerves, wliich, except two which spring from the inner portion of the posterior margin of tlie coriuin, diverge from a central, basal point near to, but not toucliiug, the posterior margin of the corium. Sternum with a shallow rostral channel, and a deep hollow in the centre of the inesosternum ; Metasternum with the posterior margin coRizm^. 137 a little produced. Legs moderate, hinder pair longest ; tJiighs not incrassated ; all with projecting hairs, shorter than those on the antennae ; tarsi, 3rd joint as long as the otlier two, on the 3rd pair longer. Abdomen convex, above and beneath, long, narrow, the sides parallel in ^, slightly curved in ? ; above, the 3rd segment poste- riorly deeply cut out at the sides ; 4th segment posteriorly, deeply cut out in tlie centre ; 5th segment posteriorly concave ; 6th seg- ment, in (^ elongate, posteriorly rounded ; in ? truncate ; beneath, the posterior margin of all the segments straight ; in ^ the last segment is raised, very convex, much shorter than on the upper side, in ? it is also convex, but as long as on the upper side, and the posterior margin forms two sides of a triangle. Genital segments retractable within the abdomen, in the J" rarely visible, in ? , 3, gradually narrower, are usually to be seen when the insect is alive. Species 1. — Myrmus miriformis. CoREUS MiRiFOKMis, Fall. Mon. Cim. 60, 8 (1807). Lyg^us micropterxjs. Bur. Ent. Trans, i, 73, pi. 3 (1807). lliioPALUS MIRIFORMIS, ScJiill. Beitr. i, 54, 6 (1829) ; H. Schf. Panz. F. G. 121, 11 & 12 (1835) ; Stal, K. Vet. Akad. Forh. 207, 1 (1862). CoRizus MIRIFORMIS, Fall. Hem. Suec. 44, 4 (1829); Zeft. F. Ins. Lap. i, 467, 3 (1832) ; Ins. Lap. 261, 3 (1840). Chorosoma microptera, Curt. B. E. vii, 297, 2 (1830). Myrmus miriformis, Hahn, Wanz. i, 82, t. 13, figs. 46 & 47 (1831) ; Btirm. Haudb. ii, 312, 1 (1835) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 228 (1861). Chorosoma miriforme, Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 186, 1 (1860). Slightly shining, the (^ pale-brown, more rarely pale-green, with the abdomen reddish ; the ? pale-green ; generally with the corium only partially developed and the membrane rudimentary. Head r\igose, with confluent punctures and lines, some of which are black, and with strong, short, black hairs ; a black line in the furrow between the facial lobes and sometimes on the lateral processes. Antenna; red, 4th joint brown ; hairs black. Eyes brown. Ocelli reddish. Bostrum ochreous, with a brown central line. Thorax. — Pronotum with very short projecting hairs, and rather strong confluent punctures ; lateral margins pale ; postei-ior margin 138 COREINA. sometimes reddish ; disk sometimes with 3 longitudinal, broad, dark lines, the central one being divided by the narrow, pale, raised line. Scutellum very finely punctured and haired. Elijtra ; Gorlum greenish-wdiite, the anterior margin and 1st nerve pale, the other nerves and the postei'ior margin blood-red ; Membrane and nerves glossy white. Sternum coloured according to the colour of the insect. Legs ochreous or greenish tinged with red, with black dots from which spring short, stiff, black hairs ; the inside of the apex of the hiiider tilicE black ; tarsi greenish or reddish, the end of the joints black. Abdomen above, with a thick black line down the centre, (strongest in (^ ) interrupted on the 4th segment by a red spot ; this line is usually margined with reddish ochreous, but sometimes in the $ the central black line is absent ; in the ^ there are generally two fainter dark lines at the sides, the intermediate space being more or less dotted with brown : Connexivum green or ochreous, paler at the base. Underside ochreous, pale or dark green, accord- ing to the general colour of the insect. Length, 3^ — 4| lines. Local. Weybridge and Dartford Lrent, by sweeping grasses; July ; Thorne Moor and Knighton Heath (Dale). Family 3.— ClIOROSOMIDyE. Gejiffs 1. — Ckouosoma, Qrrf. Narrow, very elongate. Head nearly horizontal, the sides parallel ; Crown very elongate, convex ; the antenniferous processes lower than the facial lobes ; Face ; the lobes raised, distinct, the central one longest and highest, but slightly narrowest, the apex slightly widened, curved downwards and beset with long projecting hairs. Antcnnce long, tapering; 1st joint longer than the head, thick, the base thinner as if cut away on the inner side ; 2nd ^ longer than the 1st, at the base as thick as the 1st, thence gradually tapering ; 3rd cylindrical, not quite so long as the 2ud ; 4th scarcely thicker than the 3rd, and not so long. Ei/es semi-globose, distant from the base of the head. Ocelli small, rather nearer to the eyes than to each other. Sostrum reaching the 2nd pair of coxa:-, slender, the first 2 joints CHOROSOMIDiE. 139 long, the 2nd a little longer than tlie 1st; the base in a very short raised channel. Thorax. — Pronohon long, trapezoidal ; on the 1st third a slight swelling ; the centre with a slightly raised line ; hinder angles raised, with a strong depression within them running out on the posterior margin. 8cutellum narrow, triangular, the apes rounded. Elytra not nearly so long as the abdomen ; Glaviis and Cormm transparent ; nerves opaque ; the posterior margin of the Corium concave, very oblique, forming with the anterior margin a long point ; Membrane and nerves transparent, the latter numerous, very fine, mostly straight, arising from a basal point, but leaving a large cell at the inner basal angle. Sternum with a wide, shallow rostral channel. Legs slender, almost smooth, 3rd pair longest; ^//?y ^'5 gradually a little thicker to the apex. Abdomen long, narrow, above flat or slightly convex ; the last segment in the ^ subquadrate ; in $ narrowed behind ; Connexivum broad, of equal width throughout, reflexed, recurved. Underside semi-cylindrical ; the last segment, in $ , roundly cut out in the centre, in ? angularly arched, G^e?z?Y«Z ^ev/me^zz's obtusely acuminate; above, in $ two are visible, in ? three ; on the underside in ^ , the 3x'd projects far beyond the 2nd, of which only the angular points are seen at the sides ; in $ the 3rd is long, small, cylindrical, the points of the 2nd only being seen at its base. Sjjecies 1. — Chohosoma Schillingi. lluoPALUS SciiiLUNGii {Schumm.), Schill. Beitr. 55, 7 (1S29); //. Schf. Waiiz. iv, 74, t. 131, fig. 402 (1839). Chorosoma Ahuxdinis, Curt. B. E. vii, pi. 297 (1830). Mykmus Sciiillixgii, Burm. Haudb. ii, 312, 2 (1835). Chorosoma — Am. et Serv. Hem. 231, 1 (1843) ; StSl, K. Vet. Akad. Forh. 207, 1 (1862). EnoPALUS Arundisis, Kolen. Mel. £nt. ii, 57, 17 (1845). Choro.^oma Schillingi, Fieb. Europ. Hera. 227 (18G1). Ochreous, finely punctured and haired. iZ"e« J pale. Antennce ; the first 2 joints covered with very short, appressed hairs. Eyes brown. Ocelli red. East rum ochreous, with a central line and the tip brown. Thorax. — Pronotum finely punctured, the disk light gray, Scutelliim 140 COREINA. finely, confluently punctured. Elytra; Claims and corium, except the nerves, glassy, ti'ansparent ; Membrane transparent, iridescent. Wings transparent, iridescent. Legs delicately haired ; the apex of the hinder tihi(B on the inner side, all the tarsi beneath, and the claws, black. Abdomen above with a gradually narrower line at the sides, black to the end of the 4th segment, brown on the 5th ; Connexiviim unicolorous, ochreous. Underside ochreous, with faint longitudinal reddish lines, stronger at the sides. Length, 6 — 6| lines. Deal, on long grasses, August ; Great Yarmouth (Dale.) Family 4.— STENOCEPHALIDyE. Genus 1. — Stenocephalus, Lair. Long, narrow, elliptic, covered with fine short hairs. Head. — Crown long, narrow, horizontal, convex ; the antenniferous processes short, obtuse, not projecting laterally ; Face triangular, short; central lobe very short, encompassed by the side lobes, of which the points are often separated. Antennce long, finely haired ; tubercle small, almost hidden ; 1st joint thick, a little curved outwards, base small, apex obtuse ; 2nd, 3rd, and 4th of about equal thickness, the 2nd 3 times as long as the 1st, the 3rd h the length of the 2nd, the 4th nearly as long as the 2nd. JSi/es placed at about the middle of the sides of the head, moderate, convex, pro- minent. Ocelli very small, nearer to each other than to the eyes. Sostrnm reaching the 2nd pair of coxae, slender, the 2nd joint long- est ; base in a very short raised channel. Thorax. — Pronotum slightly convex, trapeziform, narrow in front; hinder angles obtuse, raised ; posterior margin a little rounded, with a deep depression within each hinder angle. Scutellnm large, flat, triangular, the apex pointed. Eltjtra longer than the abdomen ; Corium flat, the nerves fine ; posterior margin nearly straight ; Membrane hindwardly deflected ; the nerves, except at the inner basal angle, mostly straight, and not arising from the base, which, in the centre, has a broad clear space. Abdomen elliptic ; above, flat ; last segment posteriorly in (^ roundly, in ? deeply and angularly, cut out ; Connexivum broad, STENOCEPHALlDiE. 141 reflexed. Underside convex; last segment in (^ cut out at the sides, and posteriorly, before the uiargiuj constricted ; in $ , the 5th seg- ment is shortest in the centre and raised; the 6th segment flat- tened at the sides, and in the centre drawn into an angulated ridge ; the anterior margin sloping on each side obliquely ; posterior margin concave. Genital segments; above, in (^ , one large, globose, clasped at the sides by the long points of the 2nd segment : in ? , one segment is visible, short, narrowed posteriorly, and with the posterior margin short and slightly emarginate ; beneath, in ^J , as on the upper side ; in ? , in the centre is one short plate, which appears to be divided into 2 by a strong ridge, the posterior margin concave, so that 2 points project ; at the base, on each side, the 2nd segment appears as an angular plate, the point of which is shorter than the central bilobed plate. Species 1. — Stenocephalus agilis. CiMEX AGILIS, Scop. Eut. Caru. 126, 3C6 (17G3) ; Sckrk. F. B. ii, 82, 1125 (ISOl). — NUGAX, Fad. Sp. Ins. ii, 366, 171 (17S1) ; Rossi, F. E. ii, 216, 1333 (1790). Lyg^us NUGAX, Fab. E. S. iv, 162, 93 (1794) ; IFolf, Ic. Cim. 30, t. 3, fig. 30 (1800). CoEEUS NUGAX, Fab. S. E. 200, 42 (1803) ; Lam. Hist. Nat. iii, 495, 4 (1816) ; L. Duf. Rech. 37, 4 (1827) ; Schiil. Beitr. 48, 11, t. 5, fig. 2 (1829). DiCEANOMEKUS NUGAX, Ha/m, Wanz. i, 22, t. 3, fig. 13 (1831). Stenocephalus nugax, Burm. Handb. ii, 328, 1 (1835) ; Ramb. F. And. ii, 129 (1842). — agilis, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 223, 145, 1 (1861). Brown-black, with a ground colour of ochreous showing through, covered with fine, round punctures. ^ea^ smooth, black. Antennce ; 1st joint black; 2nd, the base narrowly, the apex broadly black, the remainder yellow with a faint brown ring in the centre ; 3rd and 4th black, narrowly yellow at the base. Eyes and Ocelli black-brown. Rostrum piceous, 1st joint pale yellow ; the sides of the rostral channel yellow. Thorax. — Fronotum brown-black on an ochreous ground colour, darkest in front, finely punctured, the tip of the hinder angles 142 COREINA. oclireous. Scutellum black or brown, finely punctured, the apex whitish. Elytra; Cormm c6\.o\xrediYikei\iQ Pro7iotum, the punctures slightly larger ; Membrane fuscous brown, with dark, irregular spots between the nerves. Sternum black, finely punctured. Legs ; coxes yellow ; thighs finely haired ; in the 1st pair the base, in the 2nd pair the basal half, in the 3rd pair more than the basal half, yellow ; tihi(B yellow, except the base and apex, which are black ; with short, black hairs in rows, stronger and more projecting than those on the thighs ; ta7'si black, thickly haired beneath. Abdomen, above, blood-red, the base and apex black : Connexivum above and beneath black, with a yellow spot on the anterior margin of each segment. Underside black. Length, 5 — 6-|- lines. Not common. Among EivjyJiorhium, on the coasts of Devon, in September {Stainton). Sjjecies 2. — Stenocephalus neglectus. Stenocephalus neglecttjs, H.Schf. Wanz. iii, 55, t. S9, fig. 272 (1S3G); Fieb. Europ. Hem. 223, 145, 2 (1S61). In colour almost identical with S. agilis, but this is a more slender and delicate-looking insect ; the sides are more parallel, the an- tenncs thinner and longer, and the membrane of the elytra unthoat spots. Length, 5 — 5| lines. Eare : Coasts of Devon. Family 5.— ALYDIDtE. Genus 1. — Alydus, Fab. Narrow, elongate, the sides parallel. Head thick, very convex above and beneath ; Croivn nearly as broad as the front of the pronotum, but constricted behind the eyes into a short neck ; the antenniferous processes, short, small, the ends ALYDID.E. 143 not produced ; Ihce curved in a line with the crown, long, deflected, triangular, with the sides rounded ; central lobe narrow, the apex curved under. AritenncB long, slender, of nearly equal thickness throughout; 1st joint as long as the crown of the head; 2nd and 3rd a trifle longer, subequal ; 4th as long as the 2ud and 3rd together, curved. Eijes large, globose, prominent, placed in the middle of the sides of the head. Ocelli large, prominent, approximate, situate in a line with the back of the eyes. Mostrum reaching the 2nd pair of cox(B, strong, 2nd joint longest. Thorax stout ; Pronotum deflected, trapeziform, hinder angles rounded, with a depression within them running out on the posterior margin. Scutellum long, narrow, pointed. Elytra as long or nearly as long as the abdomen ; Gorium long, narrow, pointed ; anterior margin straight ; posterior margin very oblique ; nerves fine ; Mem- brane wide, elliptic, filled with long nerves springing from a nerve which lies close to and parallel with the base except at the inner angle, where are two large angulated cells. Sternum strong, broad, with a shallow central channel. Legs strong ; coxce large ; hinder tliiglis gradually a little incrassated with several strong spines beneath. Abdomen narrow at the base ; above flat ; the last segment in ^ wide, posterior margin broadly rounded ; in $ , slightly cut out in the centre ; Connexivum ^vide, vertical. Underside convex, the 3rd segment very long ; the last segment posteriorly, in ,^ broadly and squarely, in ? less, and roundly, cut out. Genital segments, above, in $, only appear as 3 keels projecting hindwardly ; in ? but one segment is visible, short, the sides narrowed, and the posterior mar- gin truncate ; beneath, in ^ , one segment is visible, short, convex, ending in 3 short and spinous processes ; in ? also only one seg- ment is usually seen, short, convex, and obtusely pointed ; but sometimes the ends of the other 2 segments are visible. Species 1. — Alydus calcauatus. CiMEX CALCARATUs, Lui. F. S. 96S, (1761); S. N. i, 733, 111 (17G7) ; De G. Mem. ill, 280, 21, pi. 11, figs. 23 & 21 (1773); Rossi, 1. E. ii, 213, 1327 (1790). LxGJEvs CALCAUATvs, Fad. E. S. iv, 162, 91 (1791); JFolf, Ic. Cim. Ill, t. 11, fig. 138 (1801). 144 COREINA. Alydus calcaratus, Fab. S. R. 251, 15 (1803) ; Le P. et Serv. Enc. x, 61,1 (1825); Fall. Hem. Suec. 40, 1 (1829); Schill. Beitr. 49, 1 t. 5, fig. 1 (1829); Hahn, Wanz. i, 198, t. 32, fig. 101 (1831) ; Curt. B. E. viii, pi. 369 (1831) ; H. Schf. Panz.E. G. 121, 10 (1835); Burm. Haudb. ii, 323, 1 (1835); Zett. Ins. Lap. 262, 6, 1 (1840); Am. et Serv. Hem. 226, 1 (1843); i^/or, Rhyn. Liv. i, 183, 1 (ISGO) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 226, 1 (1861). — HiKsuTUs, Kolen. Mel. Ent. ii, 64, 26, t. 8, fig. 8 (1845). Fuscoua black, through which the dull ochreous ground colour in- distinctly shows ; more clearly seen on the cormm of the expanded elytra. Sead finely punctured, and with fine, long, black, projecting hairs. AntenncG with fine, short, projecting, black hairs ; 1st joint black, except a long, yellow streak on the inner side ; 2nd and 3rd ochre- ous, with the base yellow and the tip broadly black ; 4th, black, with the base narrowly yellow. Myes black. Ocelli red. Bostrum pitchy-black. Thorax. — Pronotum very finely punctured, and with distant, pro- jecting hairs, shorter than those on the head. Scutellum black, finely punctured, the apex ochreous. Elytra ; Cormm very finely black-punctured ; Membrane semi-transparent, smoke-brown, with darker nervures. Wings transparent, with a green and purple metallic gloss. Sternum black, finely punctured, and with fine, mostly appressed, gray hairs. Legs with distant black hairs ; Goxcb piceous ; thighs black, the hinder pair with 3 strong, curved spines beyond the middle, and several other smaller spines ; viz., one before the middle, one between the 1st and 2nd, and 2 or 3 gra- dually smaller, beyond the 3rd large spine ; the small spines are often (accidentally) more or less wanting ; tilice with the hairs closer and stronger than on the thighs, 1st and 2nd pair ochreous, with the apex broadly black or piceous, 3rd pair ochreous-brown ; tarsi black or piceous, with nearly half of the 1st joint ochreous. Abdomen above ; the 3rd and 4th segments and the anterior por- tion of the 5th, orange, with the sides narrowly black ; the remainder entirely black ; Connexivum black, with a yellowish spot on the anterior margin of each segment. Underside black, shining, with shoi-t, distant, projecting black hairs. Length, 5| — 5f lines. BERYTINA. 145 Not rare. "Weybridge on JJlex nanus, September ; Isle of "Wiglit, July, (6r. Lewis); Plumstead Common, among heath, August and September; Eolkestone, on Ononis, September; Scarborough {T. Wilkinson). Section ^.—BJEBYTINA.'' Family 1.— METACANTHID/E. Genus 1. — Metacanthus, Costa. Head short, broad ; Crown globose, with a single deep impression at the base ; Face vertical, small, triangular. Antennce very long, filiform ; 1st joint longest, slightly incrassated at the top ; 2nd about half the length of the 1st ; 3rd as long as the 2nd; -Ith nearly half the length of the 3rd, thickened, fusiform. Fi/es large, globose, prominent. Ocelli large, distant, inserted at the sides of the head just before the pronotum. Bostrum reaching to the end of the metasternum, 2ud joint longest ; rostral channel deepest and widest at the extremity. Thorax very thick; Pronotum much deflected forwards, long trapezoidal ; anterior margin thick, prominent, sloping from the centre to the ends, which terminate in a rounded, projecting nodule; disk in front smooth, with a small central nodule, behind which is a deep transverse impression, the remainder of the disk very convex, with a fine raised line up the centre ending at the top in a large sharp nodule, and with a similar but smaller and more obtuse nodule at each hinder angle ; hinder angles rounded ; posterior margin sub- angularly concave, narrowly reflexed. ScufeUntn triangular, narrow, pointed, the base with a long projecting suberect, back-curving spine. Elytra horizontal, longer and broader than the abdomen, covering the connexivum ; Corium diaphanous, narrow, the posterior margin on each elytron not meeting each other at the end of the clavus, but divergent, and carried forward for some distance in an outwardly curving line, then sinuate and extended long, straight, and slender to a point ; Memhrane hroad, oval, transparent, with 5 nearly straight nerves. Sternum witli the rostral channel deep and wide, ending on the metasternum ; the odoriferous orifice on the oneso- sternum produced as a short, upturned spine. Legs very long; * Page 18. 10 146 BERYTINA. thiglis towards tlie top gradually clavate and then a little constricted ; tihicB filiform; tarsi slender, 1st joint as long as the other 2 together. Abdomen long, elliptic, convex beneath ; Connexiviim broad. Genital segments; in the ^, the only one visible is small and rounded ; in the ? the last abdominal segment has a central hump, whence a ridge proceeds to the end of the genital segments, bisecting them ; of the 1st and 2nd segments, however, only the points are visible at the sides of the 3rd. Species 1. — Metacanthus punctipes. Berytus punctipes, Germ. F. Ins. 7, 21 (1821?). Neides elegans, Curt. B. E. \v, pi. 150 (1827) ; Spin. Hem. 206, 4 (1840). Berytus annulatus, Burm. Haudb. ii, 314, 4 (1835). Metacanthus elegans, Costa, Atti, 7, 258 (1847) ; Fiel). Europ. Hem. 214 (1861). Gampsocoris transilvanica, Fuss. Mitth. d. Ver. zu Hermaiinstadt, 7 (1852). Dusky, ochreous. Head; Croiim and Face black, shining ; Antennce yellow, the 1st joint with several, the 2ud with few black rings, 3rd black at the base, 4th black. Fges and Ocelli dark brown. Thorax. — Pronotmn ; anterior margin whitish, the first 4th of the disk abruptly black, shining, unpunctured, in the centre depressed, and with a small yellow nodule ; the remainder of the disk shining, covered with equidistant, round punctures, with a fine, raised, smooth line up the centre ; all the 3 posterior nodules black ; the posterior margin whitish. Scutellum ; the %'^mQ Vihxte. Elytra; in the membrane a longish, light fuscous dash between the ends of the 2nd and 3rd nerves. Sternum black, the mesosternal spiracular spine whitish, with a dark line beneath. Legs yellow with black rings ; the clavate end of the thighs ochreous with a fuscous cloud ; tarsi; 1st joint yelloM^ 2nd and 3rd black. Abdomen above black ; Connexivum yellowish. Underside dull ochreous, the base black. Length, 2 lines. Common under Ononis in August and September, Folkestone ; Deal ; Coasts of Devon (Stainton). METACANTHIDiE. 147 Genus 2. — Metatropis, Fieb. Head. — Croion quadrangular, in front a large nodule prolonged hindwardly in a keel, at the end of wliich, at the base of the head, is a depression between the ocelli ; Face deflected, broad, curved, all the lobes broad, the central one much the longest. Antennce inserted, above the front of the eyes, filiform ; 1st joint very long, at the top gradually clavate ; 2nd and 3rd at the top scarcely thickened, the 2nd nearly ^ as long as the 1st, the 3rd nearly f rds as long as the 1st ; 4th long- fusiform, f the length of the 2ud and twice as thick. Fi/es large, oval, little projecting. OcelU small, approximate, inserted on the base of the head. Bo strum reaching beyond the 2nd pair of coxfe. Thorax thick : Pronohcm greatly deflected to the front, long- traj^eziform, almost hexangular by the hinder angles being cut ofi" straight ; the sides 3 times constricted, the 1st slightly, immediately behind the anterior margin, the 2nd deeply at about \ of the length, tlie 3rd just before the hinder angles ; disk in front but slightly convex, with a cross impression opposite the 2ud latei'al con- striction, in front of which are 2 small nodules ; hinder portion very convex, but hindwardly, flatly and broadly deflected to the posterior margin ; up the centre is a raised line gradually increasing in height till it forms a rounded ridge which decreases somewhat suddenly, and ends before it reaches the posterior margin ; within each hinder angle, in a line with the top of the central ridge, a large nodule ; posterior margin slightly concave. Scutellum long, narrow, trian- gular, the base convex, with an obtusely pointed nodule in the centre. Elytra in repose horizontal, narrower in the middle than at the base, and wider behind ; Corium narrow, diaphanous, with strong nerves, the posterior margins not meeting at the end of the clavus, but diverging, nearly straight, and prolonged to a long point ; Membrane transparent, broad, hindwardly rounded ; the 1st nerve short, curved ; tlie 2nd long ; the 3rd springs feebly from the 4th, at about ^ its length, but is stronger towards its end ; 4th and 5th joined together at the base. Stermim ; rostral channel broad. Legs filiform, the top of the thighs gradually incrassated ; tarsi; 1st joint as long as the other 2 together. Abdomen long-oval, narrow at the base, above flat, beneath 148 BERYTINA. convex. Genital segments in both sexes rounded posteriorly without processes. Species 2. — Metatropis rufescens. Berytus rufescens, H. Schf. Norn. Ent. i, 43, (1835) ; Panz. E. G. 135, 8. — ELEGAXs, Burm. Handb. ii, 313, 3 (1835.) Neides Sieberi {De Cristofori), Spin. Hem. 20G, 3 (1840). Berytus annulatus, Gorsk. Anal. 141 (1852). Metatropis rtjeescens, Fleb. Wien. Ent. Monats. iii. 207 (1859) ; Europ. Hem. 213 (1861) ; Scott, Ent. Ann. 156, fig. 6, (1862). Berytus (Berytus) rufescens, Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 208, 4 (ISGO). Light brown, shining. Head paler, beneath black. Antennce yellow ; the 1st joint with many black dots, the club, except at its point, piceous ; the 3rd joint with distant, very fine hairs ; the 4th joint black, the apex brown. JSi/es black. Ocelli red shining. Hostrum pale. Thorax. — Pronotum (except on the central ridge) in the middle with a large black spot, which at the front is straight, at the sides does not quite touch the margin, and hindwardly is intersected by a dash of the ground colour. Scutellum diaphanous, except the nodule, which is brown. Ehjtra ; Corium diaphanous, smooth, the nerves reddish brown ; Membrane light brown, transparent, glossy, the nerves opaque. Stermim, in the centre, black. Legs pale yellow with black dots ; thighs with the club brown, except at the apex ; tibia with the lower end brown, the dots closer and finer than on the thighs ; tarsi ; 1st joint yellow, 2nd and 3rd piceous. Abdomen ; the base black, the remainder reddish-brown ; Co)i- nexivum pale. Underside dark brown, the segments with paler margins. Length, 4 — 4^ lines. Hitherto rare in England, only a single specimen having been captured. It was taken by Mr. "Wollaston near Pangbouru. BERYTIDiE. 149 Family 2.— BERYTID^. Genus 1. — Berytus, i^<2(5., Fieh. Long, narrow, more or less linear. Head long, subquadrangular, in front narrower than at the base, across the disk, near the centre, a slight but sharp incision, behind which are the ocelli. From between the ocelli begins a process which gradually rises, and mostly widens a little, and is then narrower to the end, which far overreaches the face ; viewed sideways, it is a vertical more or less rounded plate, curved under until it meets the face, which it often joins. From the ocelli forwards, on each side of the frontal process, but not so long, the sides of the head are distinctly lobe-formed, and at the end of these lobes the antennce are inserted; Face short, narrow, vertical. Antennce long, filiform; 1st joint thickest, not so long as the head and pronotum together, the upper end clavate ; 2nd not so thick as the 1st, and about -Jth its length ; 3rd the thinnest, as long or longer than the 1st ; 4th about twice as long as the 2nd, fusiform, the base thin, narrower than tlie apex of the 3rd. Eyes round, flattened. Ocelli very small. Rostrum reaching only over the presternum, 1st and 2nd joints together not so long as the head ; rostral channel in front with the margins raised for a very short distance. Tliorax. — 'Pronotum long - trapezoidal, narrowed at the hinder angles, within them raised more or less and then posteriorly de- flected ; the lateral margins reflexed, keel-formed ; the disk with a central keel throughout, its end and the ends of the lateral margins prolonged beyond the anterior margin. Scutellum triangular, the base covered by the pronotum, the apex prominent. Elytra longer than the abdomen ; Corium opaque, prolonged to a point ; the nerves strong, straight, the two central ones rounded or recurved into the posterior margin ; the space between the nerves with a row of deep punctures slightly separated ; Membrane diaphanous, finely crenate, the nerves nearly straight, at the base curved. Sternum ; rostral channel continued to the end of the metasternum, widest on the mesosternum ; anterior coxce approximate, posterior coxw very dis- tant. Legs long, 3rd pair very long ; thighs clavate ; tilice thin ; tarsi, 1st joint as long as the other 2 together, the 2nd very short. J 50 BEUTTINA. Abdomen flat above, very convex beneath, the posterior margin of the 6th segment straight. Genital set/menfs closely joined to each other, and to the last abdominal segment, the junction difficnlt to distinguish ; above, in the ^ one, in the ? two (i. e. the 2nd and 3rd) are visible. On the underside, in the ^, the visible segment is wide, convex, caplike, the sides, posteriorly, forming two distant, lobe-like processes ; in the $ the 1st of the 2 visible segments is ridged in the centre and. posteriorly produced, the sides retracted ; the 2nd of the segments is posteriorly narrowed, cleft in the centre, and ends in two lobe-like processes lyiug close together. Species 1. — Berytus Signoreti. Berytus Signoreti, Fieb. Wien. Eiit. Monats. iii, 201,1 (1S59) ; Europ. Hem. 210, 1 (1861). Ochreous. Frontal process above, straight, the end rounded. An- tennce ; 1st joint, club stout, scarcely darker than the rest of the joint, 3rd at apex, 4th entirely, black. Fronotum deflected to the front, the posterior | slightly convex. ^:i_Apex of the Clavus and Corium and a long, pointed spot at the base of each nerve of the Memhrane pitchy black ; Memhrane broader than the Corkim, posteriorly very broadly rounded. Thir/hs gradually clavate, yellow throughout; tarsi ; 1st and 2ud joints yellow. Head ; frontal process moderate, above straight, the end rounded, viewed sideways somewhat semi-oval ; the side processes narrow, somewhat widened before the eyes. Antennce ochreous ; 1st joint, club abrupt and of equal thickness throughout, a shade darker than the rest of the joint ; 3rd, the extremity widened and pitchy black ; 4th black. Eyes red brown. Bostrutn yellowish, the end piceous or black. Thorax. — Fronotum deflected to the front, flat or a little depressed on the first third, slightly widened at the hinder angles, and slightly raised within them, thence deflected to the posterior margin ; the disk posteriorly distinctly punctured, the keels strong and broad, but not deep. Scutellum on each side of the raised centre, brown. Elytra; Clavus with a pitchy-brown spot at the apex; Corium; anterior margin a little and gradually curved, between the nerves slightly punctate ; apex pitchy-black ; Memhrane tinged with ochre- BERYTID^. 151 oiis, the anterior margin sometimes brown ; the base of each nerve with a small, longish, piceous or black spot, which is sharply pointed on the side nest the membrane ; the 4th nerve curved near the base, (generally) joined to the 5th, and forming a cell in which is often a black spot which extends across the 4th nerve, and ends before the 3rd. In the spaces between the 2nd and 3rd, the 3rd and 4th, and the 4th and 5th are broad fuscous-brown streaks, of whicli the 1st scarcely reaches half-way up from the posterior margin, the 2nd is continued interruptedly to the base, and the 3rd is very short ; all tliese streaks are wide on the posterior margin. In the $ all the streaks are very faint. Sternum in the ^ brownish, in the $ ochreous. Legs concolorous with the antenna) ; the club of the thighs very gradual not very thick, and only a shade darker than the rest of the limb ; tarsi; 1st and 2nd joints ochreous, 3rd black. Abdomen beneath slightly shining, finely punctured ; in the ^ brownish-ochreous, with a broad brown band down each side ; in the ? ochreous. Genital segments in the ^ globose, the lateral pro- cesses short, curved inwards ; in the ? the processes are long, the points obtuse, distinctly separated, the sides perceptibly constricted. Length, 2\ lines. AVidely distributed, but not common ; in moss, AVest "Wickhara Wood, March ; Sanderstead, May ; Mickleham, April and August > Deal, May and August. iSpecies 2. — Berytus montivagus. Berxtus montivagus {Bremi), Meyer Ddr. Stett. Eut. Zeit. ii, 88 (1841) ; Fieb. Wien. Eut. Monats. iii, 204, 2 (1859); Europ. Hem. 210, 2 (1861). Ochreous. Frontal process from the side semi-oval. Antennae ; 1st joint, club abrupt, fuscous-brown, 3rd black at the apex, 4th entirely black. Fronotum deflected to the front, convex, the posterior \ often clouded with dusky, sometimes defined into a spot. JEhjtra ; Clavus and Cerium brown at the apex ; Mem- Irane much broader than the corium, very broadly rounded pos- teriorly ; nerves much bent at the base, the dark streaks between them very broad posteriorly. Thighs gradually clavate ; club of the 1st and 2nd pairs dusky, of the 3rd pair fuscous brown or blackish, the apex pale. 152 BERYTINA. Head brown- ochreoiis, very finely punctured ; frontal process straight on the upper surface, rounded at the end, viewed sideways Lalf-oval ; the side processes strong, convex, widened a little at the end, above whitish. AntenncB reddish-ochreous ; the club of the 1st joint stout, abrupt, entirely or only on the sides fuscous brown ; 2nd at the apex fuscous brown ; 3rd with the apex narrowly and suddenly black ; 4th long fusiform, scarcely so thick as the club of the 1st, black. Eijes brown. Underside red-brown. Rostrum piceous. Thorax.' — Sides deeply punctured, ochreous, the margin next the sternum broadly black-brown ; pronotum slightly deflected to the front, at the anterior angles slightly compressed, at the hinder angles a little and roundly widened, hindwardly on the posterior margin, narrower ; posterior margin slightly concave ; the disk transversely convex, in the centre (including the central keel) shghtly depressed, within the hinder angles much and roundly raised, the anterior half fijiely, the posterior half strongly punctured, and with a large, dusky cloud. In some examples this cloud becomes a distinct spot, in others it is quite wanting. The keels are white. Scutellum dark ochre- ous, sometimes with a black margin, the centre strongly raised, pale ochreous. Elytra shining ; Clavus ochreous, the apex brown ; Coriuvi ochreous, anterior margin slightly curved, with a dark shade near the apex, which has a long, piceous spot, and one or two dots above it, between the nerves ; posterior margin with a very delicate brown line ; Memlrane diaphanous, much broader than the corium, the apex very broadly rounded ; the nerves, especially the 4th, much bent at the base, the 4th united to the 5th, forming a cell at the base, but again diverging ; on the base of each nerve a very small, light-brown dot; between the 2nd and 3rd, and 3rd and 4th nerves, a long, interrupted, brown streak, very broad at its exit on the pos- terior margin ; at the base, within the curve betrt' eeu the 3rd and 4th nerves a large black-brown spot, and another longer spot between the 4th and 5th nerves, beyond the cell ; the 4th and 5th nerves on the base brown. These markings vary in depth of colour, and are always paler in the $ than in the (J . Sternum crenate-punctate, black or dark-brown, with fine, short whitish hairs. Legs ochreous ; tliigJis long-clavate, the club in the first 2 pairs dusky ochreous on the sides, in the last pair fuscous brown (rarely blackish) with the apex paler ; tihice with the extreme end brownish ; tarsi ; 1st joint yellow, 2nd and 3rd black, the second sometimes piceous. BERYTID.^. 3 53 Abdomen above black or fuscous. Underside finely punctate, ocbreous-brown, with a pale line in the centre, and a dark brown one on each side, the central line and the margins of the segments smooth; the ? paler than the J". Genital segments 'henes^th. ; in the ^ the processes are not prolonged posteriorly, but are curved round ; in the ? the processes form a triangular, convex point, in the least degree constricted before the rounded apex, which is almost imperceptibly notched. Length, 3 lines. Portmarnock (Wollaston) ; Sanderstead in moss, in March (Doiifflas) ; Folkestone, not rare, at roots of grass, in September {Scott) ; Charlton, under broom bushes ; Coast of North Devon, in October (Stainton). Species 3. — Berytus cognatus. Berytus cognatus, Fieb. Wien. Eut. Mouats. iii, 205, 4 (1S59) ; Europ. Heai. 210, 4 (1S61). Ochreous. Head ; frontal process seen from above linear, from the side semicircular ; rostral channel nearly obsolete. Antennce ; club of 1st joint black. Pronotum much deflected to the front, convex, keels white, the middle one deepest. Elytra ending in an obtuse point ; Membrane with 3 long, entire, black streaks between the middle nerves, the first 2 broad, the 3rd narrow. Club of the thighs gradual, black at the sides. Processes of the genital segment, iu the ^ , short, parallel. Head ochreous-brown ; frontal process seen from above almost linear, convex, compressed at the point, with fine downy hairs ; seen from the side semicircular, slightly separated from the face ; side processes deflected, parallel, somewhat stouter towards the ocelli. Antenncs yellow ; 1st joint, club rather abrupt, black ; 2nd, with a slight brown ring at the extreme apex ; 3rd, black at the apex ; 4th, black, hairy. Eges brown. Ocelli ochreoiis. Rostnim black ; rostral channel scarcely perceptible. Thorax. — Pronotum dull, much deflected from back to front ; first 3rd ochreous-brown, nearly flat, finely punctured ; the remainder pale ochreous, tinged with dusky, transversely very convex, and roundly deflected to the posterior margin, the punctures distinct, 154 BERYTINA. large, round, sliining ; keels white, strong, rising in the same curve as the disk, the middle one deepest, the side ones merg- ing into the slight callosity at the hinder angles ; posterior margin slightly concave. Scutellum white. Elytra slightly shining, anterior margin slightly curved ; Clavus mostly brownish between the nerves ; Corium, nerves strong, lustrous ; in the ^ the space between the inner ones brownish ; posterior margin outwardly with a fine brown hne, apex black ; Ilenibrane broader than the corium, posteriorly obtuse-lanceolate, diaphanous, lustrous, with 3 long, black streaks; the 1st between the 2nd and 3rd nerves not quite reaching to the base, broad, widened posteriorly and sublanceo- late ; the 2nd between and as long as the 3rd and 4th nerves, broad, equal throughout ; the 3rd between the 4th and 5 th nerves, narrow, interrupted ; in the ? these streaks are much fointer. 8ternu7)i brown, crenate punctate ; Mesosternum piceous, disk quad- rangular, nearly flat, with a deep middle channel, on the outer de- flected sides a deep depression ; Metastermim convex, the middle depressed. Legs yellow ; thighs ; club dusky, the sides with darker granulations ; tarsi ; 1st joint yellow, 2nd and 3rd black. Aldomeii beneath yellow-brown, with distinct, sharp, irregular punctures, and a smooth yellowish middle line. Genital segment in the ^ callous, posteriorly abruptly deflected, the lateral processes short, parallel, the space between them quadrangular. Length, 2f — 3 lines. Dartford Brent, among thyme and moss, August. Species 4. — Berytus clavipes. Gekkis clavipes, Fab. E. S. iv, 192, 20 (1791); Fall. Mon. Cim. 118, 2 (1S07). Berytus — FaL S. R. 265, 2 (1803) ; Fall. Hem. Suec. i, 165, 2 (1829) ; Sc/iill. Beitr. i, 56, 2, t. 7, fig. 3 b (1829) ; Ila/u/, Wanz. i, 135, t. 21, fig. 69 (1831) ; H. Sclif. Norn. Eut. i, 43 (1835) ; Fieb. Wieu. Eut. Moiiats, iii, 205, 5 (1859); Europ. Hem. 211, 5 (1861). — (Neides) clavipes, Flor, Bhyu. Liv. i, 205, 2 (1860). Dusky ochreous, shining. Frontal process ; above straight, on the side subtriangular, rounded beneath. AntenncB ; 1st joint, club slight, gradual, dusky only on the sides ; 3rd yellow throughout. Fronotum flat ; sides nearly parallel ; posterior margin straight. BERYTID^. 155 Elytra narrow ; Ilemhrane not wider than the corium, apex lanceolate. Thiglis slightly, gradually clavate, the club not dark coloured. Head ochreous-brown, with downy whitish hairs, the posterior -| darker, finely punctured ; Frontal process above long, straight, narrow, flat, with white hairs on the sides ; seen from the side sub- triangular, the underside rounded, the base not touching the face ; side processes straight, parallel, deflected in front. Antennce yellow- ish ; 1st joint, the club slight, gradual, dusky on the sides ; 3rd not darker at the apex ; 4th black, finely haired, apex brownish. Eyes brown. Ocelli ochreous. Underside red-ochreous, finely, indistinctly punctured. Rostrum piceous, the base paler. Thorax. — Sides strongly punctured ; Pronotum brown-ochreous, depressed transversely in the middle, the anterior half finely, the posterior half strongly punctate ; sides almost parallel, very slightly constricted in front ; the keels strong, whitish, the side ones dimin- ished in height at and behind the slightly raised hinder angles, the central one even throughout ; hinder angles a Uttle rounded, the ]30sterior margin straight. Scutellum ochreous, the centre strongly raised. Elytra narrow, parallel ; in the $ shghtly curved on the anterior margin ; Claviis and Corium ochreous or brown-ochreous ; the nerves very strong, sliiniug, the spaces between them on the corium deeply crenate-punctate, more slightly on the claviis ; the nerves and intervals (especially in the ^) narrowly streaked with brown, the apex of the corium piceous-black ; membrane-suture brownish ; Memhrane dull, brownish, diaj)hanous, finely crenate, with 3 blackish streaks between the nerves, the 2nd very broad at the end, the 2nd nerve generally with a brown streak. At times the membrane is only partially developed. Sternum red-ochreous indis- tinctly pixnctured. Leys pale or brown-ochreous ; thighs slightly andgradually clavate, the cluh not dusky; tarsi ; 1st joint ochreous, the 2nd and 3rd black. AhJomen above black ; Connexivum ochreous. Underside sliining, red-ochreous, with 2 pitchy-black streaks down each side and a pale line in the centre, distinctly granulose punctate, the edges of the segments smooth. Genital segments beneath ; in the ^ the lateral processes narrow, on the outside straight, the inside curved slightly outwards, the space between the two processes square, except that the very convex centre of the segment is posteriorly rounded and projects a little ; in the ? the processes form a long point, the ends 156 BERYTINA. obtuse, with a small uotcli between them, the outer sides very slightly concave. Length, 3 — 3^ lines. Eare ; Darenth Wood, May 30th, under leaves ; Folkestone, Sept. 1st, under Ononis arvensis. Species 5. — Berytus crassipes. Bekyttjs ckassipes, H. Schf. Norn. Ent. i 43 (1835) ; Fieb. Eeitr. i, 351, 32, t. 2, fig. 28 (1836) ; Costa, Cent. 127, t. 3, fig. 5 (1852?); Fieb. Wieu. Eut. Monats. iii, 206, 6 (1859) ; Europ. Hem. 211, 6 (1861). Ochreous. Frontal process ; above incrassated, from the side semi- circular. Aiitennce ; 1st joint, club stout, abrupt, black ; 2nd black on the upper i ; 3rd at the apex and 4th entirely black. 'Elijtra together rhomboidal ; Corimn at the apex black ; 3Iem- hrane broader than the corium, posteriorly obtuse-lanceolate, at the base a large oval spot, and short, cuneiform, internerval lines on the posterior margin, black. Legs proportionally short and stout ; thighs gradually clavate, the club black, piceous at^the end. Head brown-ochreous, very finely punctured ; Frontal process short ; above, incrassated, convex ; viewed sideways semicircular, and joined to the face at the base ; side processes strong, convex, whitish above, widened at the upper end and deflected; in a line with their base, but separate, the ocelli appear as two short, whitish nodules. Antennce brown-ochreous, the club of the 1st joint abrupt, thick, black ; the base of the 2nd ochreous, the rest black ; the end of the 3rd black ; 4th not so thick as the club of the 1st, black. Fges dark-brown. Underside brown-ochreous, very finely punctured. nostrum piceous. Thorax. — Pronotum behind the middle depressed across the disk, including the side keels, but not the centre one, which is even throughout ; hinder angles widened and rounded, the keels thereon shallower ; the disk finely punctured, much and convexly raised within the hinder angles ; posterior margin concave ; all the keels white, with a very fine brown streak on the top. Elytra broad, to- gether almost rhomboidal ; Clavus and Corium ochreous, shining, somewhat finely punctate between the nerves ; the apex of the corium black ; Membrane posteriorly obtuse-lanceolate, ochreous, diaphanous ; BERYTIDiE. 157 on each nerve at its base a very minute liglit-brown dot ; between the 3rd and 4th nerves, at the base, a large, oval, black-brown spot, and between the 2nd and 3rd, and 3rd and 4th nerves, on the pos- terior margin, a short, black-brown dash, broad outwardly and diminishing inwardly to a point ; in the $ these dashes are scarcely perceptible. Sternum brown-ochreous, or dark brown finely punctured. Legs pale ochreous ; thighs strong, gradiially clavate, the club thick, black, the apex piceous; the 1st pair sometimes piceous only on the sides ; tarsi; 1st and 2nd joints deep ochreous, 3rd black. Abdomen above dusky ; beneath strongly punctured ; in the ^ dark brown, with a central line and the sides pale ; in the ? pale ochreous, with a paler central line. Genital segments beneath, in the (J the side processes short, curved inwards so that the inter- vening space appears round ; iu the $ the processes form a longish broad, obtuse point, with a notch just perceptible at the slightly narrower end ; the outer sides almost imperceptibly constricted. Length, 2 — 2|- lines. Eare. On bare, sloping ground at Mickleham, in moss at the roots of Teticrium scorodoniiim, and in tufts of grass, and at Bexley "Wood (Scott) in October. Species 6. — Berytus minor. Berytus minor, H. Schf. Norn. Ent. i, 43 (1S35) ; Fanz. F. G. 135, 7 ; Fieh. Wien. Eut. Monats. iii, 206, 7 (1859) ; Europ. Hem. 211, 7 (1861). — (Neides) minor, Flor, Rbyii. Liv. i, 204, 1 (1860). Ochreous. Frontal process above obtusely pointed, sideways semi- circular. AntenncB ; 1st joint, club rather gradual, stout, short, black ; 2nd brownish towards the apex ; 3rd black at the apex. Fronotimi flat, depressed in the middle ; side keels continued round the hinder angles, which are rounded and depressed ; pos- terior margin nearly straight. Thighs gradually clavate, the club blackish-brown, generally on the sides only. Genital segments, in the ,^ , the processes stout, obtuse, parallel. Head ochreous-brown, finely punctured ; Frontal process seen from above, narrow, slightly convex, obtusely pointed, and with fine white downy hairs ; viewed sideways almost semicircular ; the side processes 158 BERYTINA. incrassated, much deflected, divergent before the eyes aud well defined, but depressed behind them. AntenncB yellow, 1st joint black on the sides of the base, club rather gradual, thick, black ; 2nd brown towards the apex ; 3rd black at the apex ; 4th black, shining, with fine projecting black hairs. Eyes brown. Ocelli ochreous. Bostrum piceous. Thorax. — Sides strongly punctured : Pronotuni ; keels strong, whitish, sometimes with black streaks, side keels continued round the rounded, flat hinder angles ; posterior margin nearly straight ; disk horizontal, depressed transversely in the middle, on the anterior -^ lightly, on the posterior = strongly, closely punctured. Scutelhim pale. Elytra ; Glavus and Corium shining, the nerves lustrous ; Corium, anterior margin slightly rounded, posterior margin with a fine brown line ; Memhrane dull, diaphanous, finely crenate ; anterior margin and the 2nd nerve brown ; between the 2ud and 3rd nerves a strong, gradually widening black dash from the middle to the apex, and a similar but longer and narrower one between the 3rd and 4th nerves on the basal ^ ; apex black ; tliese dashes are often obsolete in the ? . Legs yellow ; tliiylts gradually clavate, the club entirely or only at the sides blackish-brown ; tarsi ; 1st joint yellow, 2nd and 3rd black. Abdomen beneath, in the ^ brown, punctured, the middle with a lighter, the sides with a darker line ; in the $ altogether paler. Genital segments ; in the (J, the processes broad, the points obtuse, distant, not converging, the space between the processes quad- rangular ; in the ? the 2ud segment elongate, slightly constricted in the middle. Length 2-^— 2|- lines. Not rare in moss, and at the roots of grass in dry places, in spring, autamn, and winter ; Deal, Charlton, Sanderstead, N. Devon (^Staiiito)i) , Isle of Man (Stotcell). Species 7. — Berytus commutatus. Beeytus commutatus, Fiel). ia litt. Ochreous. Frontal process seen from above, with a fine thin point, sideways, almost semi-oval. Antenncc ; 1st joint, club short, abrupt, black ; 3rd black at the apex ; 4th black. Eronotum nearly flat, depressed in the middle ; side keels somewhat flat- BERYTIDiE. 159 tened at the hinder angles, which are sliglitly raised ; posterior margin angularly concave. Thighs gradually clavate, the- club fuscous brown at the sides, and with brown punctures in rows. Genital segment in the ^f , the processes broad, the points obtuse, slightly converging. Head ochreous-brown, with very fine whitish hairs, finely punc- tured ; Frontal process seen from above narrow, slightly convex, going to a long, thin point ; viewed sideways almost semi-oval ; side processes wide, convex, not much deflected, nearly parallel before the eyes, slightly defined behind them. Antennce ; 1st joint pale ochreous, slightly blackish on the sides of tlie base, the club short, abrupt, black ; 2nd and 3rd brown-ochreous, the apex of the latter black ; 4th black, shining, with fine projecting black hairs. Eyes brown. Ocelli ochreous. Underside brown-ochreous, finely crenate punctate. JRosfruvi piceous. Thorax. — Sides strongly punctured ; Pronotutn ochreous, nearly flat, depressed in the middle (except the keels), the sides very slightly, almost imperceptibly, constricted in front ; keels strong, whitish, the side ones somewhat flattened at the hinder angles, which are slightly raised ; posterior margin angularly concave ; disli posteriorly slightly deflected to the posterior margin ; the first 3rd with fine, tlie remainder with stronger, subconfluent punctures. Scutellum whitish. Elytra ; Claims and Corium shining, the nerves lustrous ; Corium ; anterior margin slightly curved ; posterior margin narrowly light brown ; apex finely brown margined ; Mevihrane somewhat dull, dia- phanous ; in the (^ the spaces between the 2nd and 3rd, and the 3rd and 4th nerves, with a strong, black-brown line, the inner one extending from the base almost to the posterior margin, and of uniform breadth throughout, the outer one not reaching the base, and very broad posteriorly ; in the ? these dark lines are mostly wanting. Stermim brown-ochreous, finely crenate-punctate. Legs ; CoxcB shaded with piceous ; thighs pale ochreous, gradually clavate, the club fuscous-brown at the sides, and with very fine brown granu- lations and punctures in rows ; tihice very thin, ochreous, or yellow- ish, unicolorous throughout; tarsi; 1st joint yellow, 2nd piceous or black, 3rd black. Abdomen above fuscous-black ; beneath strongly, distinctly punc- tured, ochreous in the ? , darker and with a black -brown line on each side in the ^ ; Connexiviim ochreous. Genital segments in ^ raised, convex, posteriorly deflected abruptly ; the side processes 160 BERYTINA. broad, tlieir ends obtuse, distant but slightly converging, tbc space between the processes broadest and rounded at tlie base ; in the $ the sides of the 2nd segment are almost straight. Length, 2-^— 2f lines. Extremely like B. minor, and perhaps not truly distinct, as a long series of examples shows apparent approximation of structure. Not rare where it occurs. Eltham, Mickleham, and Plumstead Common, in moss and at the roots of grass, &c., in spring, autumn, and winter. Genus 2. — Neides, Latr., Fieb. Long, linear. Head. — Orotvn horizontal, very long, quadrangular, constricted at the sides about the middle, and with a slight incision across the disk at the same place ; immediately behind this transverse cut (just before the ocelli) two, very slight projections, between which begins a process, gradually rising and widening, and then narrowed to an obtuse point, which projects far over the face ; from the end the process curves gradually downward towards the face, but does not touch it ; the upper side is flat, or slightly furrowed down the centre, and the lower side is narrow, Tlie antenniferous processes very short, obtuse, and not widened laterally. Face long, narrow, deflected ; the central lobe long, curved, obtusely pointed, the space between it and the frontal process distinct, triangular ; the side lobes very small, the cheeks large. Antennce as long as the body, fili- form ; 1st joint very long, at the upper end short-clavate ; 2nd not ^ so long as the 1st ; 3rd. iths as long as the 1st; 4th not so long as the 2ud, thickened, fusiform, the base slender, smaller than the end of the 3rd. Eyes large, round, flattened. Ocelli small, inserted behind the transverse cut on the crown. Bostrum reaching the 2nd pair of coxpe ; 1st joint broad, 2nd narrow, in length sub- equal, the 2 together as long as the head ; 3rd rather shorter, 4th longer than the 2nd ; rostral channel the length of the head, wide, shallow, in front with very shortly produced sides. Thorax. — Sides vertical ; Pronotum very long, quadrangular and flat, or long-trapeziform and convex ; anterior margin concave, an- terior angles scarcely produced ; side margins well defined, a very little constricted close behind the anterior angles, posterior margin on the sides of the thorax very oblique, above concave in the middle. BERYTID^, 161 the ends much rounded ; disk posteriorly deflected, within the hinder angles more or less raised, across the middle depressed, the centre with a longitudinal keel, which ceases on the anterior 3rd. Sciifelliim partly covered by the base of the pronotum, the portion visible small, thick, pointed. Elijtra longer than the abdomen, narrow, the sides parallel ; Corium long, going from the end of the clavus to a fine point ; posterior margin straight ; nerves strong, the interstices lilled with cellular punctures ; Membrane lanceolate, the apex obtuse ; nerves 5, simple. Sternum ; rostral channel reaching to the end of the metasternum, deep, narrow, wider on the meso- sternum. Legs very long, filiform ; coxce large, 3rd pair distant ; thighs at the top long-clavate ; tihice suddenly bent and thickened at the top ; tarsi long, 1st joint as long as the 2nd and 3rd together. Abdomen above flat, beneath convex ; the posterior margin of the last segment straight, closely united to the 1st genital segment ; Connexiimm broad, flexible. Genital segments, in (^ , rounded, with- out lateral processes ; beneath, the 1st segment is rounded, convex, cap-like, covering the other 2 segments, which are barely visible at the sides ; in ? , beneath, the 1st segment is obtusely pointed, com- pressed at the sides, and with a slight ridge in the centre ; it overlies the 2nd segment in its centre, and reaches on to the base of the long, subquadrangular 3rd segment, which has a slit down the centre; the points of the 2nd segment at the sides alone are visible. Species 1. — Neides depressus. Neides depkessus, Fieb. in litt. Pale ochreous ; pronotum quadrangular, not convex. Sead finely punctured, at the sides tinged with fuscous or dark ochreous, and with fine wavy, whitish hairs ; frontal process at the end obtuse. Antennae yellowish ; 1st joint fuscous at the base, the club with black punctures in rows, forming a line at the sides ; 4th black, delicately haired. Eyes dark brown. Ocelli ochreous. Eos- trum yellow at the base and on the inner side, the rest pitcliy- black. Thorax. — Pronotum ; disk with subconfluent rounded punctures, larger towards the base, on the 1st third scarcely perceptible ; side 11 162 BERYTINA. margins and central keel whitish. Scutellum pale oehreous. Elytra shining, diaphanous ; Clavus and Corium with deep, transverse, cel- lular punctures between the nerves ; apex black, posterior margin with 4 or 5 black or brown spots, sometimes very indistinct ; Mem- Irane finely crenate ; the apex of the 2nd nerve black-brown ; the space between the 2nd and 3rd nerves with several black-brown granular dots in a row ; the 3rd and 4th nerves black-brown. Sternum black, with fine appressed white hairs, forming a line on the margins of the rostral channel, and another exterior to it. Legs yellow ; thighs with the club black granulose-punctate in rows ; tihice black at the apex ; tarsi black. Abdomen above, at the base and centre, black ; Connexivum oehre- ous, with a brown line at the base. Underside finely granulose- punctate, dark brown, lighter in the centre, with 3 indistinct lines, and the margin of the segments with whitish spots ; sides darker. Length, 4^ lines. Local. Deal, under Erodium cicutariwn ; Folkestone, under Ononis; in August and September. Bpecies 2. — Neides Tipularius. CiMEX TipuLAMus, Lin. F. S. 973 (1761) ; S. N. i, 733, 120 (17G7); Schrk. E. B. ii, 98, 1168 (1801). Geuris — lah. E. S. iv, 192, 18 (1794) ; Fall. Mon. Clm. 118, 7 (3807). Beeytus — Fab. S. R. 204, 1 (1803); Wolff, Ic. Cim. 204, t. 20, fig. 198 (ISll); Fall. Hem. Suec. 165, 1 (1829) ; ScMll. Beitr. 56, 1, t. 7, fig. 3 a (1S29) ; Eahn, Wanz. i, 133, t. 21, fig. 68 (1S31) ; Bnrm. Haudb. ii, 313, 1 (1835). Neides — Lat. Geu. iii, 120, 1 (1807) ; Oliv. Eiic. viii, 163, 1, pi. 374, fig. 1 (1811); Spin. Hem. 204, 1 (1837) ; Am. et Sen. Hem. 233, 1 (1843); Fieb. Wien. Eut. Monats. iii, 203, 3 (1859); Europ. Hem. 209, 3 (1861). Beeytus (Sphalerocoeis) tipulaeius, Flor, Bliyn. Liv. i, 206. 3 (18G0). Oehreous ; pronotum long-trapezoidal, convex. Head above ochreous-brown, finely punctured ; the sides dark brown, with whitish wavy hairs ; beneath black. Antennce with CCECIGENINA. , 163 extremely fine hairs, yellowish ; 1st joint with a short dark line out- wardly at the base, the club with a black line on each side ; 4th black, the apex brown. Eyes brown. Ocelli ochreous. Thorax. — Proiiotum long-trapezoidal ; 1st third depressed, ochre- ous-brown, minutely punctured ; anterior margin in the middle, with a small, raised yellowish spot ; hinder |rds convex, with a round callosity within the hinder angles ; disk and vertical sides with dis- tinct, round, brown punctures ; the middle keel and incrassated side margins pale yellowish, the former strong, but shallower posteriorly on the deflected portion of the disk. Elytra with large, deep, trans- verse, unicolorous, cellular punctures between the strong nerves; posterior margin with 3 — 6 black spots, one of them at the apex ; Memhrane finely crenate, with a row of brown spots between the 2nd and 3rd nerves, towards the 'apex. Sternum ; sides ochreous, middle black, the sides of the rostral channel with fine pile. Legs yellow, with extremely fine hairs ; coxcv outwardly ochreous, in- wardly black; tliiglis ; the club with black punctures in rows on the sides, beneath brown ; tihice black towards the apex ; tarsi black, 1st joint somewhat ochreous. Abdomen dark brown, beneath shining, with granulated black punctures. Length, 4|- lines. Rare. Locality not recorded. Section 4..— CCECIGENINA.* Pamili 1.— PYRRHOCORIDyE. Genus 1. — Pyriiiiocoris, Fall. Oval. Head wide, longer than broad, 5-sided ; Crown short, flat ; Eace triangular, convex ; central lobe long, prominent ; side lobes much shorter, deflected outwards ; antenuiferous processes stout, short, directed outwards. Antenncc strong, rather long ; 1st joint clavate, curved outwards, the base thin, more than \ the length reaching beyond the end of the face ; 2nd and 3rd a little thickened at the * Pas-e 19. 164 CCECIGENINA. apex, the 2nd rather longer than the 1st, the 3rd about l the length of the 2nd ; the 4th larger than the 3rd, but not so long as the 1st, of the same thickness throughout, the apex excepted. Ei/es moderate, prominent, but not projecting laterally beyond the anterior margin of the pronotum. Bostrum reaching to the hinder coxee, the 1st 3 joints in length subequal, the 1st as long as the head, the 4th shortest. Thorax. — Pronotum trapezoidal; the anterior margin slightly concave, greatly incrassated, widest in the middle ; lateral margins reflexed ; posterior margin straight, hinder angles subacute ; disk flat, or with a broad transverse elevation on the first half, not extend- ing to the sides. Scutellum large, triangular ; basal angles depressed, sides slightly concave, apex acute. Elytra flat ; Chivies on the same plane as the Corium; Coriuvi, anterior margin gradually rounded, vertically reflexed, more strongly on the 1st half; the nerves ob- solete ; Metixbrane (in all British examples) rudimentary ; when developed it has (according to Herrich-Schaffer, 'Wanz.' ix, 173) " 2 somewhat regular cells in the middle of the base, from which 8 irregular forked nerves spring." Sternum without rostral channel, Mesostemum with a central keel. Legs strong ; thighs small at the base, gradually thicker upwards, but constricted slightly at the apex, the 1st pair thickest, the 2nd pair thinnest, beneath minutely den- tate, more strongly on the 1st pair ; tarsi ; on tlie 1st and 2nd pairs of legs the 1st joint as long as the other 2 ; on the 3rd pair it is much longer. Abdomen above flat ; Connexivuvi broad, almost vertical. Under- side very convex ; in both sexes the posterior margin of all the seg- ments, except the 6th, sinuate ; on the Gth straight. Genital seg- ments as stated under the head of the Pamily at p. 20. Species 1. — Pyrrhocoris apterus. CiMEX APTERUS, Llji. S. N. 727, 78 (17C7); De Q. Mem. 181, 20 (1773). LYG.EUS — Fab. S. E. 227, 16 (1803) ; Wolf, Ic. Cim., 108, t. 11, fig. 102 (1811). Platynotus apteeus, Schill. Beitr. 57 (1829) ; Ilahn, "Wanz. i, 19, t. 3, fig. 11 (1831) ; Kolen. Mel. Eut. ii, 69, 32 (1845). Pykehocokis calmaeiensis, Full. Hem. Suec 45, 1 (1829). LYGiEINA. 165 Pyrrhocobis APTEErs, Curt. B. E. x, fig. 465 (1833) ; Burm. Handb. ii, 2S6, 12 (1835); Am. et Sen. Hdm. 2G9, 1 (1843) ; Ilor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 212, 1 (1860) ; Tieh. Europ. Hem. 163, 3 (1861). Black and scarlet, dull or slightly shining. Head black, finely erenate-punctate. Antennce black. Eyes black, or with a brown ring round the base. Bostrum black. Thorax. — Pronotum ; on the 1st | a broad, transverse, quadran- gular, convex, smooth, black spot, deeply punctured in front ; joined to this posteriorly two, broad, quadrate, deeply and rather widely punctured black spots, divided from each other by a fine red line ; all the rest of the pronotum scarlet, with strong, distant punctures, Scutellum black, very finely erenate-punctate. Elytra; Clavus black with strong irregular punctures ; Corm;« with fine distant punctures, scarlet ; near the base and clavus a small oval spot, and beyond the middle a large round spot, black ; Membrane (according to Fieber) smoke-brown, the nerves deep brown. Sternum black, the margins of each segment and a large spot at the base of the coxae scarlet. Z(?y.9 black ; tilics and tarsi finely haired. Ahdomen above black, the base and the posterior margin of the 6th segment more or less red. Connexivum above and beneath scarlet. Underside black, smooth; the posterior margin of the 6th segment broadly scarlet. Oenital segments black ; in the ^ the 2ud segment red. Length, ^ 3— 3| , ? 4— 4| lines. Local. Torquay and Teignmouth, Devon ; Beccles, Suffolk (^Curtis). Section ^.—LYGJBINA.* Family 1.— RHYPAROCHROMID^. Genus 1. — Gastrodes, Wedw. (Introd. Mod. Classif. ii, Synops. 122 (1840.) Oval, flat. Mead convex, long, 5-sided ; Crown quadrangular ; antenniferous processes short, deflected ; Eace long, triangular ; central lobe long, * Page 20. 166 LYGiEINA. prominent, the end obtuse ; sides lobes convex, sliorter tban the central lobe. Antennw rather strong, long ; the first 3 joints gra- dually wider from the base to the apex ; 1st not so long as the head, but projecting beyond it ; 2nd twice as long as the 1st ; 3rd and 4th petiolated, in length subequal, each not quite so long as the 2nd ; 4tli long-fusiform. Eyes prominent, inserted at some distance from the base of the head. Ocelli prominent, more distant from each other than from the eyes. Bostrum reaching to the 2nd pair of coxae, thin, the base in a much wider oval channel, i the length of the head, the sides of the channel raised and rounded in front ; 1st joint not so long as the head; 2nd 1^ times as long as the 1st, reaching to the 1st pair of coxae. Thorax. — Pronofum trapezoidal, in front narrowed almost to the width of the base of the head ; anterior margin concave, slightly raised ; anterior angles deflected, rounded ; sides (within the mar- gin) slightly curved inwards at f rds of the length, then suddenly widened in a slighter curve to the hinder angles ; the angle formed between the tw^o curves filled with a thin horizontal plate, being an extension inwards of the margin ; disk, at about frds of its length, with a slight transverse depression, ending in a deep fovea on each side, but within the margin ; at the hinder angles a large oval callus ; hinder angles rounded ; posterior margin concave. Scu- tellum large, triangular; the centre depressed. Elytra; Claviis deflected to the Corium ; claval suture depressed ; Cormm ; anterior margin gently rounded, slightly reflexed, broad for about the first 3rd, then suddenly narrow ; the 2nd nerve greatly iucrassated and raised for about \ its length ; Memhrane transversely depressed on the outer half near the base, with 4 nerves arising at the base ; the 1st curved to the anterior margin, the other 3 equidistant, curved beyond the base, and then straight to the posterior margin. Ster- num ; Mesosternum in the centre swollen, with a deep, hindwardly widened rostral channel ; Met a sternum in the centre depressed ; the xyphus on both segments long and pointed. Legs strong; tliighs fusiform, 1st pair very thick, more or less flattened beneath and dentate ; tihice angulated, gradually thicker to the apex ; 1st pair widely bent outwards at the base, at the apex somewhat suddenly widened on the inner side and channeled; tarsi; 1st joint of the 1st and 2nd pairs as long as the other 2, of the 3rd pair longer. Ahdomen above flat, beneath convex ; Connexivum broad, greatly reflexed. Underside ; in the ? the 5th segment is but slightly RHYPAROCHROMIDiE. 167 shortened in the centre. Genital segments ; the 3rd is very wide and biiobed, the middle channel being deep and keeled. Sjjecies 1. — Gastrodes Abietis. CiMEx A3IETIS, Lin. F. S. 257, 969 (1761) ; S. X. ii, 732, 115 (1767); Panz. r. G. 92, 22. ? — GROssiPEs, De G. Mem. iii, 308, 37, t. 15, figs. 20, 21 (1773). MiBis Abietis, Fab. E. S. iv, 187, 15 (179:t); S. E. 256, 16 (1803). Lyg-eus — Fall. Hem. Suec. 61, 21 jS (1829). Platygastee Abietis, Schill. Beitr. 83, 2 (1829) ; H. Schf. Norn. Eat. i, 45 (1835); Kolen. Mel. Eut. ii, 86, 57 (1815). Pachymerus (Ancyloptjs) Abietis, Flor, Khyn. Liv. i, 233, 4 (1860). HoiiALODEMA Abietis, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 187, 1 (1861) ; Slal^ Vet. Akad.Eorh. 219,1 (1862). Ajitenncs black, 1st joint and lower part of 2ud red-brown, the end of the 1st scarcely projecting beyond the end of the face ; the side margins of the pronotum rellexed throughout ; corium with a large pale spot. Head black, finely punctured. AntenncB black, 1st joint and the lower half of the 2nd red-brown ; the end of the 1st scarcely pro- jecting beyond the end of the face. Ei/es, Ocelli, and Rostrum, piceous. Thorax. — Pronotum ; first frds black, smooth, with a row of punc- tures just within the anterior and lateral margins ; the last 3rd ochreous-brown, with fine brown punctures ; lateral margins yellow, with a brown edge, reflexed, at first narrow, gradually widening as far as the black colour extends, then again narrow. Scutelhim\>\a.Qk, the central depression large, finely punctured. Elytra; Clavus gray-brown, with 4 rows of punctures, the inner one black ; Corium ochreous-brown or cinnamon-brown, with a large, undefined, pale spot within the posterior inner angle ; Memlrane fuscous-brown, the basal inner angle and the base a little before it white. Sternum finely punctured, the central swelling smooth; the sides of all the segments and the posterior margin of the Pro- and Metastcrmijn ochreous-red. Legs light red-brown ; in the ? the thighs beneath, on the first frds flat, on the outer edge, to bevond the middle, with 168 LYGiEINA. several small black teetb, and a large red one at the end of tlierow ; tlie rest of the flat portion smooth ; the remaining 3rd is suddenly contracted on the fore side to an edge, which extends to the apex, and is set with several black teeth, of which the first is much the largest ; more beneath is a second row of very small teeth. (In the ^, according to Flor, the fore thighs are perceptibly thinner, not contracted beyond the middle, and with only one strong tooth in the denticulation.) Tarsi hairy beneath; the last ^ of the 3rd joint piceous. Abdomen beneath ochreous-red, very finely punctured. Length, 3^^ lines. On spruce firs {Pmus Abies). Woolmer {Wollaston) . Species 2. — Gastrodes ferrugineus. CiMEX FERRUGINEUS, Litt. S. N. ii, 730, 99 (17G7). LYGiEUS Abietis, Fall. Hem. Suec. 61, 21 (1829); Zeit. las. Lap. 264, 13 (1840). Platygaster FERRUGINEUS, Schill. Beitr. 82, 1, t. 7, fig. 7 (1829); Hahi, Waiiz. iii, 34, t. 84, fig. 254 (1835) ; H. Sc/if. Norn. Eut. i, 45 (1835) ; Kole?i. Mel. Eiit. ii, 85, 55 (1845). B-HYPAROCHROMUS — Sa/ild. Geoc. Een. 64, 17 (1845). Pachymerus (Ancylopus) ferrugineus, Flor, Ehyn Liv. 235, 5 (1860). Homalodema ferrugineus, Fieb. Euvop. Hem. 187, 2 (1861) ; Slul, Vet. Akad. Eorh. 219, 2 (1862). AntenncE brown-red, 1st joint reaching by about ^ its length beyond the end of the face ; pronotum, side margins reflexed posteriorly only ; corium without a pale spot. JZeai black, finely punctured. AntenncB redi-'bro'wn\ the 1st, 3rd, and 4th joints often more or less piceous, half the length of the first, projecting beyond the end of the face. Eyes and Ocelli black. Rostrum piceous. Thorax. — Pronotum finely punctured ; first frds black, the side mar- gins turned down and under ; last 3rd ochreous-brown or cinnamon- RHYPAROCHROMID^. 169 brown, the side margins narrowly reflexed. Scutellmn black, finely punctured. Elytra ; Clavus and Coriicm finely punctured in rows, cin- namon- or rust-brown, dull ; Corivmi on the inner side generally of a darker shade ; the broad anterior margin clear, unpunctured ; Ilem- Irane light brown ; nerves concolorous ; the inner margin fuscous ; inner basal angle ochreous. Z(?y^ brown-red ; tliighs ; 1st pair beneath somewhat flattened, almost channeled ; the anterior edge with a row of small teeth, and one large one beyond the middle ; tihicB with fine, distant hairs ; tarsi hairy beneath, the last \ of the 3rd joint piceous. Abdomen above, shining pitchy-black, the centre and sides light brown ; Connexivum pitchy-black, hindwardly more or less cinnamon- brown. Underside shining, pitchy-black, finely punctured. Length, 3^ lines. Common in autumn and spring, on Scotch fir (Pinus sylvestris), and larch (P. larix), and in winter under the bark. Genus 2. — Plociomerus, Sat/. (Amer. Ent. IS.) Long-oval. Head long, convex, 5-sided, a little narrowed behind the eyes ; antenniferous processes short and stout, produced before and be- low the eyes ; Face long, triangular ; central lobe long, convex, the end obtuse ; side lobes much shorter than the central one, the end acute. AntenncB long, slender ; 1st and 4th joints thicker than the 2nd and 3rd ; 1st not so long as the head, but \ its length projects beyond the end of the face ; 2nd and 3rd a little thickened at the apex ; 2nd not quite double the length of the 1st ; 3rd shorter than the 2nd ; 4th as long as the 2nd, long-fusiform. Eyes large, round, prominent, but somewhat flattened. Ocelli large, rather more dis- tant from each other than from the eyes. Eostrum reaching almost to the 2nd pair of coxsd. Thorax. — Pronotum as long as its greatest breadth, greatly constricted in the middle, where there is a deep, narrow, trans- verse depression, as it were dividing the disk into 2 parts. The fore portion much narrower than the hinder, very convex ; sides immar- ginate, rounded ; anterior margin with a distinct collar, wider at the IT'O LYGiEINA. centre tbau at the sides. The hinder portion not so convex as the front ; rapidly widening posteriorly, with a slight curve to the hinder angles, which are prominent, but rounded ; posterior margin rather longer than the breadth of the base of the elytra, slightly concave. Sciitellum large, triangular ; the base deflected, centre depressed ; hinder portion with a central ridge. Elytra ; Glavus slightly de- flected to the Corium ; Corium flat, slightly deflected outwards ; anterior margin narrowly reflexed, nearly straight ; posterior margin straight ; MemTjrane with 4 nerves arising at the base ; the 1st strongly curved outwards, and ending on the anterior margin ; the 2nd less curved ; the 3rd at first strongly curved inwards and raised, then straight ; the 4th at first curved, parallel to the 3rd, but beyond the middle divergent and sinuate ; all the last 3 extend to the posterior margin. Sternum : Mesosterman ; xyphus very short. Legs: tliirjlis ; 1st pair very thick; beneath, be_yond the middle, with two short spines, another nearer the apex, and some other much smaller ones adjacent ; 2nd and 3rd pairs not so strong as the 1st, and not thickened in the middle, the apex slightly con- stricted ; tihicB a little thickened at the apex ; tarsi very long ; 1st joint longer than the 2nd and 3rd, the 2nd very short. Abdomen oval, above flat, beneath rather convex ; Connexivum moderate, much reflexed. Species 1. — Plociomerus fracticollis. Pachymekus FKACTicoLLis, /Jc////^. Beitr. i, S2, 27, t. 7, fig. 6 (1S29) ; Hahn, Wanz. i, OG, t. 10, fig. 40 (1S31) ; H. Schf. Nom. Eut. i, 44 (1S35). Plociomerus -- Sahib. Geoc. Feu. 70, 1 (1S45). Pachi'merus insectus, BoJiem. Vet. Akad. Haudl. 250 (1S49). — (Plociomerus) eracticollis, Flor, Rhjn. Liv. i, 229, 2 (1860). Plociomerus fracticollis, Fieb. Earop. Hem. 172, 3 (1S61). Plociomera — Sial, Vet. Akad. Porh. 214, 2 (1862). Black, finely haired. Read black, finely punctured. Antennce ; 1st and 4th joints piceous; 2nd and 3rd reddish-brown; apex piceous. Eyes black. Ocelli reddish. Rostrum piceous. RHYPAROCHROMIDyE. 171 TJiorax. — Pronotum ; fore half dull black, except the collar on the anterior margin, which is reddish-brown ; hinder half ochreous, more or less suffused with piceous spots ; sides and hinder angles bi'oadly clear and unpunctured ; disk lightly punctured and with distant, very short, yellowish hairs. Scutellum black, the sides punctured, the apex ochreous ; a spot on each side of the base of the central ridge reddish ; Elytra, Clavus, and Corium, ochreous, with brown shades and fine, short, yellow hairs, and several lines of contiguous, piceous punctures, between which, inwardly, is a long clear spot of the ground colour, broadest on the posterior margin, and another undefined spot, outwardly, near the apex ; the anterior margin is also clear, with a brown line on its edge; Memhrane light- fuscous-brown ; the nerves, the base to beyond the 2nd nerve, a large spot on the anterior margin, and another on the posterior mar- gin outside the 2nd nerve, whitish. Stermim black, with a whitish gloss, punctured ; posterior margin of the Metasternum reddish- brown. L^gs reddish-brown ; liinder tliighs with an indistinct dark ring towards the apex ; tarsi ; last joint piceous at the extremity. Abdomen. — Conncxivum reddish. Underside black, finely punc- tured, and with fine, short, yellow hairs. Length, 2| — 3 lines. Eare. In the collection of Mr. Dale, and once taken by Mr. G. Crotch in the Cambridge Tens. Genus 3. — Calyptonotus * (RUYPAROCHKOMUS, Fieb.)-\ Long, thick, flat above, elliptic ; sides nearly parallel. Head broad, very convex ; Face triangular ; central lobe sharply defined, broadest at the apex ; side lobes pointed in front, not so long as the central lobe. Antennce long, stout ; 1st joint subclavate, one half its length reaching beyond the end of the face ; 2nd and 3rd * KakvTTTw, to cover as a shiekl, and vwtoc, the back. f Curtis ('B. E.' p. 612) expressly says that Lygmis Clarugra, Fab., is the type of his genus Rhi/parochronnis, consequently his generic name must be retained for that section of the original genus which contains the species, i. e. Megalonoius, I'ieb. 172 LYGiEINA. scarcely thickened at tlie apex ; 2nd at least twice as long as the 1st ; the 3rd not so long as the second ; 4th cylindrical, pointed at the ends, as long or longer than the 3rd. Eyes large, semiglobose. Ocelli small, distant. Rostrum reaching across the mesosternum. Thorax. — Fronotum trapeziform, broader in front than the head across the eyes ; anterior margin nearly straight ; sides nearly straight ; lateral margins wide and flat ; posterior margin concave, the ends somewhat produced over the clavus ; hinder angles rounded ; disk, 1st |rds convex, the last 3rd flat, with a long callus with- in the hinder angles. Scutellum large, triangular, more or less convex. Elytra as long as the abdomen ; Clavus and Corlum nearly horizontal ; Corium ; anterior margin nearly straight, posteriorly rounded, the base widened and reflexed; 1st nerve strong and raised, especially at the base ; Memhrane ; anterior margin rounded ; disk with 5 nerves ; the 1st very short, the 2nd curved to the anterior margin ; the 3rd nearly straight, ending at the apex ; the 4th and 5th arising close together near the inner basal angle, curved inwardly and outwardly, and then going straight to the posterior margin, parallel to each other throughout. Sternum ; Mesosternum in front with a sharp keel, hindwardly slightly convex ; Metasternum somewhat rhomboidal, with a slight central keel. Legs : thiyhs ; 1st pair incrassated, fusiform, beneath flat, with 1 large and some- times 2 other smaller teeth ; tlbice with long, distant, spinose hairs ; 1st pair sometimes bent, always widened inwardly at the apex, with a deep channel on the side and a spine beneath ; tarsi long ; 1 st joint larger than the other 2, on the 3rd pair twice as long. /Species 1. — Calyptonotus Rolandri. CiMEX KoLANDRi, Z««. F. S. 957 (1761); S. N. (ed. 12), i, 729, 98 (1767). — BiMACULATUs, Li/i. S. N. (ed. 10), i, 449, 76 (1758), — ruLVOMACULATUS, Be G. M^m. iii, 294, 33 (1773). LyGJEVs RoLA^nni, Fab. E. S. iv, 164, 99 (1794); S. N. 230, 127 (1S03) ; JFolf, Ic. Cim. 199, t. 19, fig. 193 (1811); Fall. Hem. Suec. 60, 20 (1829). Paciiymertjs Rolandki, Pam. F. G. 118, 3 ; ScZ/ilL Beitr. 72, 12 (1829); II.Sc/{f. Norn. Eni. i, 44(1835); Koleu. Mel. Ent. ii, 79, 45 (1845). RHYPAROCHROMIDiE. 173 Rhtpahochkomus Rolandbi, Am. et Serv. Hem. 253, 1 (1813) ; Fleb. Europ. Hem. 194, 2 (1861) ; Stal, Vet. Akad.rorh. 220, 1(1862). Black, dull. Head, Pronohmi, Scutellum, Clavus, and Corium, with minute punctures ; Membrane with a large, rhomboidal, orange spot at the inner basal angle. Abdomen beneath with yellowish pubescence. Length, 3 — 3i lines. Scarce. Under refuse in a pea-field, near Darenth, in the autumn ; also in the spring, flying. Sjjecies 2. — Calyptonotus Pini. CiMExPiNi, Lin. r. S. 255, 956 (1761); S. N. i, 729, 96 (1767) De G. Mem. iii, 279, 23, pi. 11, fig. 22 (1773); Rossi, P. E. 1328 (1790). Lyceus— Fah. E. S., iv, 163, 97 (1791); S. R. 229, 125 (1803); Wolff, Ic. Cim. 74, t. 8, fig. 71 (1801) ; Fall. Mon. Cim. 64, 5 (1807); Hem, Suec. 51, 6 (1829); Zett. F. Ins. Lap. i, 470, 5 (1832) ; Ins. Lap. 263, 6 (1840). Pachymeeus Pini, Sckill. Beitr. i, 64, 1, t. 5, fig. 3 (1829) ; Bahn, Wauz. i, 38, t. 7, fig. 25 (1831) ; Burm. Haadb. ii, 296, 9 (1835); B. Schf. Norn. Eut. i, 44, (1835). Hhypakockromus Pini, Atn. et Sen. Hem. 254, 2 (1843) ; Sahib. Geoc. Fen. 55, 1 (1848) ; Fieb. Europ. Hem. 195, 8 (1861); Stal, Vet. Acad. Forh. 221, 2 (1862). Pachymerus (Pachymerus) Pini, Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 269, 23 (1860). Black, dull ; corium dark ochreous, posteriorly with a large, black, rhomboidal spot ; anterior tibiae red on the basal half. Head finely punctured, with fine yellowish appressed pubescence and 2 long erect hairs on the front of the crown. Antennce black, with fine yellowish pubescence, on the 1st joint a few strong black projecting hairs, the extreme base of all the joints narrowly red. Eyes, Ocelli, and Rostrum black. Tliorax. — Pronotum ; anterior margin sometimes ochreous in the middle ; anterior angles squarely rounded ; lateral margins narrowly 174 LYG^INA. brown-ochreous, with a dark line on tlie edge; disk, 1st frds slightly convex, black, strongly punctured in a row round the front and sides and slightly down the middle ; the last 3rd ochreous, more or less obscured by deep black punctures in patches. Scutellum some- what flat, depressed in the centre, black, finely punctured, deeper on the sides. Wytra ; Glavus with 3 rows of contiguous, strong, black punctures ; the side next the scutellum black, except a spot near the base ; on the outer side, between the rows of punctures, smooth and broadly ochreous for one half its length from the base ; Cormm dingy ochreous, with strong black punctures in rows ; anterior mar- gin with a row of punctures ; disk posteriorly with a large, sub- rhomboidal, black spot, with a narrow white streak on its lower margin, a triangular white spot below the black one, and usually another irregular one above it ; Membrane black, the base yellowish ; at the exterior basal angle a small whitish spot ; posterior margin with 3 large, augulated, grayish spots between the nerves (often wanting) ; nerves pale. Sternum black, finely punctured, more strongly on the front and sides. Legs ; Coxce strong, black, at the base outwardly a yellow spot; 1st pair in front with a small node bearing a hair ; fulcra piceous ; thighs black, with fine yellow pubes- cence ; 1st pair beneath with 1 tooth ; tihics black, with fine yellow pubescence ; the basal half of the 1st pair and the extreme base of the others brown-red ; the hairs, strong, black. Abdomen beneath with fine yellowish pubescence. Length, 3 — 3^ lines. Local. Cobham Common and Addington Hills, Surrey, under heather, in September. Epecies 3. — Calyptonotus pedestris. Lyg^xjs pedesteis, Panz. F. G. 92, 14 ; Zett. F. Ins. Lap. i, 470, 4 (1832) ; Ins. Lap. 263, 5 (1840). Pachymerits PEDESTius, Scliill. Pcitr. i, 70, 10, t. 6, fig. 7 (1829) ; Balm, Wanz. ],- 62, t. 10, fig. 38 (1831) ; Burm. Huudb. ii, 296, 7 (1835); U. ScJif. Norn. Ent. i, 44 (1835). — iNSiGNis, Boh. Vet. Akad. Foili. 53, 5 (1852). — (PACIil'MERUs) PEDESTIUS, Flor, llliju. Liv. I, 275, 25 (1860). RHYPAROCHROMID.E. 175 Ehypakochromus mundulus, a. Dohrn, Stett. Ent. Zeit. xxi, 160, 17 (1860). — PEDESTKis, Fielj. Europ. Hem. 195, 11 (1S61) ; Sial, Vet.Akad. Eorh. 221, 5 (1862). Black, sliglitly shining ; 2nd joint of the antennce yellowish-red ; corium yellowish-broAvn, posteriorly witli a clear white spot and a black one above it ; apex of membrane white ; tihiw yel- lowish-red. Head delicately punctnred, with fine yellowish pubescence. An- tenncB black, with yellowish pubescence ; 1st joint with a few, long, black, prominent hairs ; apex of the 1st and 3rd browu ; 2nd yel- lowish-red, except the apex, which is piceous ; rarely the entire joint is piceous. Rostrum pitchy-black. Tliorax. — Fronotiim ; 1st |rds black, very convex, the colour hindwardly curving gradually, and at the sides suddenly, forwards ; disk smooth ; a row of punctures within the anterior and side margins, the latter narrow, black ; the last 3rd ochreous, with dis- tinct brown punctures ; sides clear, pale yellow, their margins broad yellow ; the callus posteriorly black. Scutellum black, finely punc- tured; apex yellow-brown. Elytra; Clavus yellow-brown, with 3 rows of strong black punctures, the two inner rows near together, between them and the outer row a long, pale yellow streak ; Corium yellowish-brown or red-brown, rather finely punctured ; anterior margin broad, clear yellow, with a brown edge for about -i- its length, thence to the apex narrow, black ; disk, within the apical angle a large, subangular, white spot, above which is an irregular black spot, sometimes large, sometimes small ; the 1st nerve on its basal half, the apex, and sometimes the claval suture, black ; Memhrane black, with a round white spot at the apex, and a wide yellowish streak on the base of the 4th nerve. (In all the English examples we have seen the membrane is abbreviated, leaving the last 2 seg- ments of the abdomen uncovered, and the apical spot is very faint.) Sternum ; a white spot at the base of each coxa ; Prosternum ; at the sides a large, angulated, yellowish spot ; Ileso- and Metasternum on the posterior margin laterally, whitish or yellowish. Legs yellowish- red ; tlii(jlis ; 1st pair more or less dark in the middle, the colour varying from a piceous spot to black throughout, except at the ends ; 1 strong tooth near the end, and 2 or 3 small ones behind it ; 2nd and 3rd pairs with a broad black ring before the apex ; tihicd ; 1st pair slightly bent, black at the apex ; 2ud and 3rd pairs black at the 176 LYG^INA. base and apex; tarsi piceous, the 1st joint more or less yellow- brown. Abdomen beneath with yellowish pubescence, the posterior seg- ments with long, projecting, red hairs. Length, 2\ lines. Scarce. " On rotten trunks of trees " (Flor) ; " often gregarious, in the spring, under the bark of ^sculus^'' (horse-chestnut) {Fieh). Under decaying leaves, in May, Lee ; Purley Downs, near Croydon. Genus 4. — Eremocouis, Fleb. Long, elliptic ; flat above, sides almost parallel. Head 5-sided, narrow, convex; Face; central lobe prominent; side lobes shorter than the central lobe, suddenly deflected out- wardly. Antennae long, slender ; 1st joint long, |rds of its length reaching beyond the end of the face, not thickened, slightly clavate ; 2nd and 3rd scarcely thickened at the apex ; 2nd \\ times longer than the 1st ; 3rd nearly as long as the 2nd ; 4th not so long as the 3rd, cylindrical, the ends pointed. Fyes moderate, somewhat remote from the pronotum. Ocelli large, distant. Sostrum reach- ing to the end of the metasternum ; longer in the ? . Thorax. — Pronotum trapeziform, almost quadrangular ; anterior margin much longer than the width of the head across the eyes, concave, depressed, with a very narrow, raised rim ; anterior angles rounded ; sides nearly straight, their margin narrow, reflexed, widened inwardly beyond the middle ; posterior margin concave, the ends produced over the clavus ; disk, 1st |rds very convex, the last 3rd flattened, depressed in the centre ; within the hinder angles a long, strong, narrow callus. Scutellum large, triangular, the centre much depressed. Elytra as long as the abdomen, at the base a little wider than the base of the pronotum ; Clavus slightly deflected to the corium; claval suture depressed; Corium; sides nearly straight, posteriorly rounded ; the anterior margin reflexed, wide at tlie base, and gradually narrower ; the 1st nerve incrassated on the basal half ; Memhrane ; anterior and posterior margins rounded ; disk with 5 nerves ; the 1st short, close and parallel to the anterior margin (often wanting) ; the 2nd curved to the anterior margin ; the 3rd nearly straight ; the 4th and 5th arising close together at the inner angle, curving inwardly and outwardly ; the •Ith going straiglit, RHYPAROCHROMIDiE. 177 the 5th sinuate, to the posterior margin. Sternum ; Mesosternum keeled in front, hindwardly witli a rhomboidal furrow, ending at the point of the xyphus ; Metasternum unequally rhomboidal, hindwardly prolonged. Lerjs : iliirjlis ; 1st pair iucrassated, flattened, fusiform ; the underside with a sliglit channel, with small teeth on the edges, and on the inner edge two larger than the rest ; tibics ; 1st pair strong, bent at the apex, much widened inwardly, with a deep channel on the side ; on the underside, in the (J , 5 or 6 very small spines, the last two being the largest ; in the ? these spines are replaced by bristles ; tarsi slender; 1st joint, on the 1st and 2nd pairs, about 1 i- times, on the 3rd pair twice, longer than the 2nd and 3rd ; 2nd and 3rd joints short. Species 1. — Eremocoris erraticus. Lyg^us EKKATicus, i^f/i. F. S. iv, 167, 109 (1794); S. R. 232,139 (1S03); Fall. Mou. Cim. 65, 12 (1807); Hem. Suec. 60, 19 (1829) ; Zett. F. Ins. Lap. i, 472 9 (1832) ; lus. Lap. 264, 1 (1840) ; Paiiz. F. G. 121, 3. Pachymekus EiiRATicus, ScJiUl. Beitr. i, 74, 15 (1829) ; H. Schf. Nom. Ent. i, 44 (1835). — FENESTRATUS, K. Sclif. Waiiz, iv, 95, t. 140, fig. 437 (1839). Rhypakochkoivius EKKATicus, Salilb. Geoc. Fen. 62, 12 (1848). Pachymerus (Pachymerus) erraticus, Flor, Rhyu. Liv. i, 279, 27 (1860). Eremocoris erraticus, Fieh. Europ. Hem. 188, 1 (1861) ; Stal, Vet, Akad. F5rh. 219, 1 (1862). Elliptic, black; the last 3rd of the pronotum, the corium and clavus, yellow-brown, the corium with a central black spot ; the onemhrane with a large white spot at the outer basal angle, and another at the outer posterior angle. Head finely punctured. Antennce with fine yellowish hairs, some- what prominent on the 1st joint. Rostrum piceous. Thorax. — Pronotum ; 1st f rds black, with fine distant punctures ; the last 3rd yellow-brown, with larger, deeper, and more distant punctures ; a broad black line continued from the front down tlie inner side of the callus, and sometimes two large, diverging black 12 178 LTG^INA. spots in the middle ; lateral margins ochreous, with a brown line on the edge ; where they are widened inwardly a long-sided triangle is formed. Scntellum with fine distant punctures, closer and deeper on the sides. Elytra ; Clavus yellow-brown, with 4 rows of brown punctures ; Corium yellow-brown or red-brown, with brown punc- tures in rows ; a central spot black ; the lower part of the inner nerve fuscous. Sometimes the base of the clavus and corium paler, or only a broad pale dash on the corium ; sometimes the lower end of the clavus, and the corium, from the inner margin as far as the central spot, and also beneath it, are included in one black patch, and one or two black spots are within the posterior margin ; anterior margin ochreous, with a brown line on the edge ; posterior margin red-brown, hindwardly piceous. Menibrane black, posteriorly fuscous ; a large semi-oval white spot at the exterior basal angle ; a yellowish spot at the inner basal angle, and a white, less clearly defined, spot at the inner posterior angle ; nerves whitish posteriorly. Sternum ; Pro- and Metastermim posteriorly, and a spot at the base of the coxa reddish-brown. Legs; fulcra reddish-brown; tliiglis black, apex reddish-brown ; tihice ; 1st pair reddish-brown on the basal 3rd, the rest piceous, or altogether piceous ; 2ud and 3rd pairs yellow- brown, the end, sometimes the lower half, piceous ; tarsi reddish - brown ; 2nd and 3rd joints piceous ; sometimes all the joints, espe- cially of the 1st pair, piceous. Abdomen black ; Connexivum reddish-brown, the base black. Un- derside with fine golden pubescence, the last segments with a few long, projecting, yellow hairs. Length, ^^ 3, ? 34- lines. Scarce. Taken singly, from June to September, by beating juniper bushes, at Sanderstead Downs and Headley Lane. Dr. Power captured, in April, 1864, at Littlington, Cambridge- shire, under dead leaves at the bottom of a hedge, about 30 speci- mens, which are all of one type, and, we thought, distinct from our usual form of E. erraticus ; but Dr. Fieber, to whom an example of each kind was sent, pronounces them not to be specifically diflereut. Dr. Power's examples differ from the specimens taken at Sanderstead in the following particulars : — The insects are shorter, and the form is oval ; the Pronotum is shorter, narrower in front, and posteriorly is red-brown. The Elytra have the Corium and Clavus rich choco- late-brown, more or less mottled with ochreous punctures and lines RIIYPAROCHROMIDtE. 170 the base of the Coriiim witli a large subtriangular spot, a small round one beyond the middle, close to the anterior margin, and the apex, ochreous ; with these exceptions, the ground colour extends to the anterior margin, and is often darker there above the round spot ; on the Memhmne the 3rd nerve is white on the basal 3rd. Of the tliiglis, the 1st pair only are black or piceous-black ; the 2nd and 3rd pairs piceous, red-brown on the basal \ ; the 3rd pair of tibice ' shorter and stouter. Genus 5. — Dieuches, A. Dohrn. (Stett. Ent. Zeit. xxi, 159, ISGO.) Long, narrow, elliptic, the sides nearly parallel. Head 5-sided, convex : Face; central lobe broad in front ; side lobes short, compressed. Antennce long, thin ; 1st joint cylindrical, \ its length reaching beyond the end of the face; 2nd, 3rd and -Ith, in length subequal ; 2ud and 3rd scarcely thickened at the apex ; 4th cylindrical, tapered at the ends. Eyes large, semiglobose, projecting beyond the anterior angles of the pronotum. Ocelli moderate, distant. Sosfrum reaching to the 2nd pair of coxa>. Thorax. — Pronotum long, trapeziform ; anterior margin straight, shorter than, the width of the head across the eyes, the angles obtuse ; side margins nearly straight, much reflexed, widened internally beyond the middle ; hinder angles square, obtuse ; posterior margin very sliglitly concave ; disk, the 1st \ convex, the last |- flat, with a slight central keel, and raised into a callus within the hinder angles. Scutellum long, triangular, slightly convex. Elytra; Claims very slightly deflected outwards ; Corium slightly convex, anterior margin reflexed ; Membrane with 5 nerves ; the 1st 3 curved, the 1st 2 ending on the anterior margin, and the 3rd at the apex ; the 4th and 5th arising at the inner basal angle, curved outwardly and inwardly, and then gradually to the posterior margin. Sternum; Mesosternum in front with a sliort sharp keel ; hindwardly with a furrow ending in the xyphus ; Metasternum square-rhomboidal, hindwardly raised, with a slight, sharp, central keel. Legs long, slender; thighs, 1st pair fusiform, flattened, not much incrassated; beneath, a slight channel with small teeth on both edges ; tarsi ; 1st joint long, on the 3rd pair nearly 3 times as long as the 2nd and 3rd together. Abdomen. — 2nd segment, beneath, with a slight nodiform process in the middle, pointing towards the base. 180 LYGiEINA. Species 1. — Dieuches luscus. Lyg^us luscus, Fab. E. S. iv, 165, 103 (1794) ; S. R. 231, 133 (1803) ; Wolff, Ic. Cira. 145, t. 14, fig. 139 (1804). — QUADRATUS, Pmiz. F. G. 92, 11. Paciiymerus luscus, ScJiill. Beitr. i, 67, 6, t. 6, fig. 4 (1829) ; Hahn, Wauz. i, 48, t. 8, fig. 30, (1831) ; Bum. Handb. ii, 295, 6 (1835); U. Schf. Norn. Ent. i, 45 (1835). Beosus auADRATUS, Am. et Serv. Hem. 254, 1 (1843). IscHNOTARsus LUSCUS, Fieb. Europ. Ilem. 192, 4 (1861). Black ; the margins and posterior -i of the 'pronotum oclireous ; elytra ochreous; beyond the middle a broad, irregular band nearly across the disk, and a broad line on the posterior margin, black. Head with fine yellowish, ap pressed hairs, and round, irregularly placed punctures. Antennce brownish-yellow, with fine pubescence ; 1st joint with a brownish spot or ring ; 2nd and 3rd brown at the apex ; 4th black, narrowly yellowish at the base. Eyes brown. Ocelli reddish. Rostrum yellow, the last joint piceous. Thorax. — Pronotum ; anterior and side margins yellow, the latter with a brown line on the edge ; disk, 1st i or more black, strcmgly punctured on all the sides, finer in the centre ; hinder portion ochreous, with large, deep, black punctures ; the central line clear, a line on each side of it, the callus, and the base of the side margins, black. Scutellum transversely, deeply crenate-punctate, black ; a long spot at each side and the apex ochreous. Elytra ; Clavus ochreous, shaded with brown ; with 3 rows of brown punctures, posteriorly confluent ; Corium ochreous ; anterior margin with a brown line on the edge, posterior margin pale ; disk with brown punctures in rows '■> nerves pale ; below the middle a broad, 5-sided, transverse, black band, extending from the anterior margin as far as the 2nd nerve, beyond which is a brown line ; below the baud a large, triangular whitish spot extends from the anterior margin to the middle, where a black-punctured line comes down from the band above ; beyond this a small spot lies in the inner posterior angle, and under the large white spot a deeply punctured black line within the posterior margin ; apex black ; Membrane fuscous-black ; base black, outwardly with a deep transverse impression ; nerves on the basal 3rd pale. Sternum black, crenate-punctate ; anterior and posterior margins ofProsternum RHYPAROCHROMID.E. 181 and posterior margin oi Metasternum ochreovis, with brown punctures; at the base of the coxae a pale yellow spot. Legs ochreo'us or yellow ; tliiglis with a broad black ring ; on the 1st pair a large black spot on the upper side ; tih'us brown at the base, with strong, distant, black hairs ; tarsi brown at the end. Abdomen black, with fine yellowish pubescence. Length, 2^ lines. Eare. A few specimens in old collections ; no recent examples : Parley Heath [Dale). Fieber says : " Under fallen leaves, on plants and at roots of trees, not scarce throughout the year ^ chiefly in Central and Southern Europe." Ge7ius 6. — ScoLOPOSTETHUs, Fieh. Oval, sides somewhat parallel. jS(?«f/ 5-sided, narrow, convex ; Face triangular ; central lobe short, prominent, widest in front ; side lobes short, much deflected ; an- terior margin concave ; antenniferous processes well developed, pointing outwards. Antennce, 1st 3 joints shghtly clavate, 4tli fusiform ; 1st not thickened, long, ^ its length reaching beyond the end of the face ; 2nd ^rd longer than the 1st ; 3rd and 4th in length subequal, shorter than the 2ud. Eges moderate, semi-globose, some- what removed from the base of the head. Ocelli small, distant. Sostrum strong, reaching across the mesosteruum ; 1st and 3rd joints in length subequal, 2nd longer, 4th short. Thorax. — Pronotum trapeziform ; anterior angles rounded ; sides slightly contracted in the middle, their margins narrow in front, widened inwardly at the middle ; hinder angles prominent, obtuse ; posterior margin concave ; disk, 1st \, or rather more, convex, the remainder flatter, but raised into a callus within the hinder angles ; across the middle a depression, deeper at the sides. Scutellum large, triangular, depressed in the centre, hindwardly raised, subcarinate. Elijtra (when developed) as long as the body. Claims deflected to the corium ; claval suture depressed ; Corium; anterior margin nar- row, reflexed at the base ; disk inwardly flat, outwardly and poste- riorly convex ; 1st nerve strong ; Membrane (often but partially de- veloped) ; base with a deep transverse depression ; nerves 6 ; the 1st very short ; the 2nd and 3rd arising together, nearly straight, but divergent, the 2nd going to the anterior margin and the 3rd to the 183 LYGiEINA. apex ; the 4tli and 5th arising near together, before the inner basal angle, curving inward and then outward parallel to each other, then slightly diverging and straight to the posterior margin. Sternum; Mesosternum in front with a sharp keel, to the posterior end of which is joined a lozenge-shaped furrow, ending in the xyphus ; in the ^J this is narrower, with a raised process on each side ; Metasternum rather narrow, the raised middle with a rhomboid depression. Legs : thighs ; 1st pair greatly incrassated, fusiform, flattened beneath, the inner edge finely dentate, with one large tooth in the middle, or angulated beneath, with the 1st i keeled, ending in a long obtuse tooth, and the 2nd I finely dentate, with a large tooth in the middle (S. contractus) ; tihice ; 1st pair curved, in the ^ widened inwardly at the end, and with 2 very small teeth, or with 3 or 4 other very fine serrations on the inner margin ; tarsi long ; 1st joint as long as the 2nd and 3rd, on the third pair twice as long. Species 1. — Scolopostethus pictus. Pachtmekus pictus, Sc/iill. Beitr. 79, 22, t. 7, fig. 1 (1829) ; //. Sc/if. Panz. F. G. 120, 5 ; Ha/m, Wanz i, 64 & 140, t. 10, fig. 39 (1831); H. Schf. Norn. Eut. i. 45 (1835). Ltgjeus roDAGRicrs, Fall. Hem. Suec. 63, 24 (1829); 't Fab. Pachymerus (Paohymektjs) podagricus, var. 1, Flor, Ubyn. Liv. i, 279 (1860). Scolopostethus pictus, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 189, 5 (1861). Black. Antennce long, slender, yellow-brown. Pronotv/m in front scarcely wider than the head across the eyes ; side margins with a white spot ; posterior portion of the disk ochreous, with a middle white line. Clavus and corium pale ochreous ; the former with a posterior dark spot ; the latter posteriorly with a broad black band, and across the middle 4 black spots, forming with those on the clavus an irregular transverse row. Legs yellow ; thighs, 1st pair black on the sides, 3rd pair with a narrow sub- apical black ring. Distinguished from S. aijimctus by the greater size; the slender, pale antennce ; the pronotum narrower in front; the transverse row of spots on tlie corium not being straight, and the black ring on tlie posterior thiglis. RIIYPAROCIIROMID.E. 183 Head dull, finely punctured ; apex of the central lobe of the Face rufous. Anfennce long, slender, finely pubescent, yellow-brown ; 3rd and -ith joints sometimes brownish. E//es and Ocelli brown. Bos- strum yellowish, 1st joint piceous. Thorax. — Pronotum dull, scarcely wider across the anterior angles than the head across the eyes ; anterior margin narrowly rufous ; anterior angles rou.nded ; sides divergent to the hinder angles, side margins whitish, with a brown line on the edge, at the widened part clear white ; hinder angles with a black spot ; disk in front finely punctured ; posterior portion ochreous, with distinct brown punctures, a whitish longitudinal middle line and an indistinct brownish spot on each side of it. ScuteJlum finely punctured, apex sometimes rufous. Elytra ; CZ«y«5pale ochreous, with 4 rows of brown punctures and a posterior brown or piceous spot ; Corium slightly shining, pale ochreous, posteriorly broadly black or piceous ; on each elytron 2 black or brown spots, the inner one narrower and nearer to the base than the outer one, the 4 forming with the 2 on the clavus an irregular transverse row ; between the spots and the posterior band the ground colour is clearer and lighter ; punctures brown ; Membrane shining, whitish ; nerves brown, except the base of the 2 outer ones. Sternum finely punctured ; an orange spot at the base of each coxa ; Frosternum ; anterior, lateral, and posterior margins orange ; Metasternum ; posterior margin broadly orange ; Ee^s yellow; thiglis ; 1st pair with a long black spot on each side; 2nd pair sometimes indistinctly brownish before the apex ; 3rd pair with a narrow black ring before the apex ; tarsi ; 3rd joint brownish towards the apex. Abdomen beneath, shining, with a fine whitish pubescence. Length, 2 lines. Rare. One specimen near London ; one, Littlington, Cambridge- shire, in February {Dr. Power) ; and one at Glanvilles Wootton, Dorset, in July (Dale). Sjjecies 2.— Scolopostethus adjunctus. Pachymekus decokatus, Abiind. d & c, Halm, "Wanz. i, 139 (1S31). — (Pachymeeus) poDAGEicus, p. Flor, Ehyn. Liv. i, 277, 26 (18(50). ScoLOPOSTExnus AEFiNis, var. b, Stal, Vet. Akad. Porli. 220, 1 (1S62). Black. Antenna stout, 1st and 2nd joints orange. Pronotum wider 184 LYG^INA. across the anterior angles than the head across the eyes ; the last 3rd fulvous, with 2 spots and the callus black ; lateral margins with a large white spot beyond the middle. Corium whitish, on each elytron with 2 black spots, forming with 2 on the cJavus a central, transverse, straight row ; posteriorly broad, black. Jjetjs ; 2nd and 3rd pairs yellow. Head finely punctured. Antennae stout, with very fine pubescence ; 1st and 2nd joints orange, 3rd and 4th black, apex of the 4th some- times piceous. Eyes brown. Ocelli black. Bostrum yellow, 1st joint piceous. Thorax. — Pronotum with fine, short, yellowish hairs ; abruptly and broadly widened immediately behind the anterior margin ; lateral margins ochreous, with a brown line on the edge ; beyond the middle, where they are widened, a large white spot ; disk in front black, finely punctured, hindwardly fulvous, with large, distinct, punctures and a central white line ; 2 large spots on the posterior margin and the callus at each hinder angle, generally also including their lateral margin, black. Scutellum black, finely punctured, apex sometimes slightly ochreous. Elytra ; Clavus ochreous or whitish, with 4 more or less perfect rows of strong brown punctures and a posterior long brown spot ; Cormni whitish, with 2 rows of punctures next the claval suture and a row of similar punctures on each side of the strong, raised, brown 1st nerve; the punctures on the basal half brown, on the posterior half black ; the rest of the disk without punctures, except a few fine ones posteriorly ; in the middle of each elytron 2 black spots, the 1st oval, on the anterior margin, the 2nd angulated, beyond the 1st nerve, the 4, together with the 2 spots on the clavus, forming a straight transverse row ; posterior margin with a broad black band, inwardly indented ; between it and the anterior black spots 2 large, conspicuous white spots, the inner one angulated ; apex yellow ; Memhrane whitish, base with a black spot in the middle, otherwise, including the nerves, clear ; the nerves beyond the base black. Sternum strongly punctured in the centre and on tlie margins of the segments, ochreous at the sides ; a large yellow spot at the base of each coxa ; Prosternum on the anterior and posterior margins, Metasternmn on the posterior margin, fulvous. Leys ; coxce fulvous or yellow ; thiyhs fulvous or yellow, 1st pair with a large black or piceous spot on each side, at times forming a broad ring, the 3rd pair rarely with a dusky spot ; tihice and tarsi yellow. RHYPAROCHROMID^. 185 Abdomen above, base and sides yellowisb ; Connexivum piceous on the edge ; underside with fine whitish pubescence, fulvous at the apex. Length, If — 1^ line. Common iu hedges, under leaves, and at the roots of grass in dry- places, from April to September. JVote. — As a rule, the membrane of the elytra, and the wings are only rudimentary ; in such cases* the pronotum is subquadrangular, being but little widened posteriorly, and the scutellum is small. Species 3. — Scolopostethus aefinis. Head finely punctured. AnteiincB finely pubescent, the extreme base (sometimes also the apex) of the 1st joint, and the basal -ith or i of the 2nd, fulvous. Eyes piceous or brown. Ocelli black. Bos- j(n»M piceous, the 1st joint darker. Thorax. — 'Pronotum wider in front than the head across the eyes ; anterior margin usually narrowly fulvous ; anterior angles rounded ; lateral margins yellowish, with a brown line on the edge, at the wide part broadly white ; disk, rather more than the anterior 186 LYGiEINA. half black, very delicately punctured; posterior portion fulvous, with distinct brown punctures ; a central, thin, pale line, 2 large spots on the posterior margin (sometimes wanting), and the callus at each hinder angle, black. Scutellum black, finely punctured. Elytra ; Glavus dusky whitish or ochreous, the punctures and a posterior spot brown ; Corium dusky whitish or ochreous ; two rows of punctures next the claval suture and a row outside the 1st nerve brown, the rest of the disk without punctures, except a few fine ones towards the posterior margin ; on the middle of each elytron two narrow black spots, one of them between the anterior margin and the 1st nerve, the other between the 1st and 2nd nerves, form- ing, with the posterior spots on the clavus, a slightly curved transverse row ; posterior margin with a broad black band, the space betweenit and the transverse row of spots appearing as 2 clear whitish blotches, the inner one angulated : Memhrane dusky whitish ; base in the middle with a black blotch ; anterior and posterior margins and the nerves more or less black or fuscous. Sternum finely punc- tured; a spot at the base of each coxa yellow; Prosternum ; an- terior, lateral and posterior margins fulvous, or the lateral margins with a pale spot; Meso- and Metasterimm at the sides ochreous, Meta- sternum on the posterior margin fulvous. Legs ; fulcra piceous ; tliifflis ; 1st pair black, base and apex fulvous or yellow ; 2nd and 3rd pairs fulvous or yellow, with a broad black ring beyond the middle ; tihiee fulvous or yellowish, 1st pair piceous at the apex ; tarsi yel- lowish, the last joint piceous. Abdomen with fine whitish pubescence ; the centre of the genital segments in the $ , generally fulvous. Length 1\ — 1| line. Note. — Sometimes the membrane of the elyti'a is but rudimentary ; then the pronotum is narrower and almost quadrangular, being scarcely widened posteriorly. Very common, especially under heath, nearly all the year through. Species 4. SCOLOPOSTETHUS CONTRACTUS. PAcni'MEKUs CONTRACTUS, R. Sclif. Noni. Ent. i, 45 (1835) ; Wauz. iv, 97, t. 110, fig. 110 (1839). ScoLorosTETHUs — Fieb. Europ. Hem. ISS, 1 (1S61). Dull, black ; clavus, base of the corium, and a posterior outward spot on the latter, dull oclireous. RIiyPAROCHROMIDiE. 187 Head finely and closely punctured, almost granulosa. AntenncB pitcliy-black. Eyes piceous. Thorax. — Proiiotum very narrow in front ; disk closely and strongly punctured, the punctures on the second -| larger and sharper than in front ; side margins in the middle yellowish, with a brown line on the edge ; the callus, and sometimes the posterior margin, piceous. Scutellimi closely punctured, strongest on the sides. Elytra ; Clavus ochreous or piceous, with 4 rows of strong, brown punctures ; the middle nerve strong, curved inwards ; Corium, anterior margin ochreous, with a brown line on the edge ; base ochreous, with brown punctures, not so large as those on the clavus, the posterior -i with still finer black punctures, or the middle piceous, outwardly with a more or less distinct ochreous spot, and in the centre a narrow ochreous line jutting down from the basal portion : Membrane whitish or light fuscous, hindwardly darker ; the base, especially on the ou.ter half, white, the middle, close to the posterior margin of the corium, piceous ; nerves brown or piceous. Stermmi finely punctured. Legs ; thiyhs black, apex piceous ; tilice piceous, with short, rather projecting, yellowish hairs ; tarsi paler. Abdomen with fine yellowish pubescence. Length, 1^ line. Not scarce in the London district, under leaves, field refuse, and at the roots of grass, all the year round. Genus 7. — Peuitrechus, Fied. Elliptic. Head short, 5-sided, convex r Face deflected in a curve ; central lobe prominent, longer than the side lobes ; antenniferoiis processes very short, inserted far below the eyes. Aatennce short ; 1st joint short, stout, narrow at the base, about \ its length reaching beyond the end of the face ; 2nd and 3rd slightly thicker at the apex : 2nd twice as long as the 1st, 3rd not so long as the 2nd ; 4th fusiform, longer than the 3rd, but not so long as the 2ud. Eyes rather promi- nent, projecting a little beyond the anterior margin of the pronotum. Ocelli small, distant. Eostrum reaching across the metasternum. Thorax. — Pronotum trapeziform ; anterior margin shorter than the width of the head across the eyes ; disk more convex in front than behind, depressed across the middle, so that the lateral mar- 188 LYGiEINA. gins become there somewhat wider inwardly ; hinder angles obtuse, with a strong callus within them ; posterior margin concave. Scu- tellum triangular, apex long, acute. Elytra as long as the abdomen ; Coriw7t ; anterior margin very slightly curved and reflexed ; posterior margin straight ; Membrane with 5 nerves ; the 1st 3 arising on the outer half of the base; the 1st very short (sometimes scarcely visible), the 2nd longer, both ending on the anterior margin, the 3rd curved inwards at the base, then straight to the posterior mar- gin; the 4th and 5 th arise near together at the inner basal angle, curve inwards and then outwards, and are then straight. Sternum ; Mesosternum in front with a short keel ; xyphus short, acute, de- pressed. Legs moderate ; thighs ; 1st pair thicker than the others, short-fusiform, on the underside with 2 or 3 very small teeth ; tibice straight, a little widened at the apex; tarsi; 1st joint on the 1st and 2nd pairs as long as other 2 joints, on the 3rd pair much longer. Abdomen thick, above flat, beneath convex, almost ridged, the 2nd segment with a slight keel ; Connexivum reflexed, deep at the base of the abdomen. /Species 1. — Peritrechus luniger. PAcnYMERUs LUNiGEB, Sc/iill. Beitr. 67, 5, t. 3, fig. 1 (1829) ; Panz. P. G. 121, 1 ; E. Schf. Norn. Eut. i, 45 (1835). Li'GiEus Sahlbekgii, 'Fall. Hem. Suec. 56, 13 (1829). PERiTKEcnus LUNiGEK, Fieh. Europ. Hem. 184, 3 (1861) ; Slal, Vet. Akad. Pork. 218, 3 (1862). Black and ochreous, dull or slightly shining ; basal half of 2nd joint of the antenncB red ; corium posteriorly with 2 large, angulated black and white spots. TIead black, finely crenate-punctate, with very short, appressed, golden hairs. Antennae black, basal \ of the 2nd joint red. Eyes brown. Ocelli black. Thorax. — Pronotum almost as broad in front as the head across the eyes ; anterior angles slightly rounded ; sides slightly sinuate within the margin ; lateral mai'gins nearly straight, ochreou^s, with a black line on the edge, but becoming entirely black and narrower beyond the place of their greatest width ; disk, 1st \ convex, with RHYPAROCHROMIDiE. 189 very short, appressed, golden hairs, finely punctured, black ; on the centre, and broadly round the hinder angles, a white gloss or tinge ; posterior ^ ochreous, with numerous round black punctures, which in the middle and at the hinder angles form spots ; the callus ochreous. Scufelhcm black, finely punctured, the centre with a fine depressed line, on either side of which, at the base, a whitish spot ; apex ochreous, smooth. Elytra; Clavus ochreous, with contiguous black punctures in 3 rows, posteriorly confluent, and forming lines ; the base and a streak on the inner side of the apex black ; the side next the scutellum with a pale streak ; Corium deep ochreous ; an- terior margin clear, unpunctured, with a brown line on the edge ; posterior margin yellow-brown, with a row of brown dots ; disk punctured in rows, which posteriorly become confluent, and sur- round 2 long, angulated spaces, whose base is towards and near the posterior margin ; the upper portion of these angles is black, the lower and lesser portion whitish ; apex of the corium (within the margin) black; Membrane fuscous-black, with a large, clear, white spot at the outer and inner basal angles and on the apex ; nerves whitish. Sternum black, with a white gloss, and fine, distinct, round puuctiu'es. Legs black, a spot at the base of the coxae, the fidcra and apex of the thighs, red-brown; tihice ; 1st pair red-brown; apex and base on the upper side black. Aldomen black; beneath delicately punctured, clothed with fine silvery pubescence. Length, 2 — 2\ lines. In dry and sandy places, under leaves, &c. Darenth Wood, April ; Bexley, November ; Brighthampton (>S^. Stone) ; Southend ( Wol- laston) . Species 2. — Peritrechus nubilus. Lyg^us NTJBiLTJS, Fall. Hem. Suec. i, 54, 10 (1829) ; Zett. lus. Lap. 263, 8 (1840). Pachymerus ntibilus, Panz. F. G. 121, 5 ; ScJtill. Beitr. G8, 7, t. 7, fig. 2 (1829); H. Schf. Nom. Ent. i, 45 (1835). — GENicuLATUS, Eahi, WaDz. i, 68, t. 10, flg. 41 (1831). E-HYPAROCHKOMUS iREOBATUs, CuH. B. E. xili, 612, 22 (1836). Beosus nubilus, Sahib. Geoc. Een. 65, 1 (1845). Pachymerus (PAcnY:irERUs) nubilus, Tlor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 246, 9 (1860). Peuitrechus nubilus, Yieb. Europ. Hera. 184, 2 (1861) ; SlaU Vet. Akad. Forh. 218, 2 (1862). 190 LYG^INA. Black and ochreous, dull ; antennce black. Head black, clothed with fine, appressed, yellow hairs. Antennce black, 1st joint with fine, short, yellow hairs, the other joints with longer, black hairs. Eijes brown. OceUi red. Bostncm yellowish or brownish ; apex and base black in the (J . Tliorax. — Fronotum much narrower in front than the head across the eyes ; sides slightly sinuate ; lateral margins narrow, reflexed, with a black line on the edge ; disk anteriorly black, finely, indistinctly punctured, with fine, appressed, golden hairs ; the posterior portion dull ochreous, more or less obscured, and with distinct, round punc- tures ; the callus at the hinder angles smooth, ochreous, with a black, transverse mark across it, and a yellow spot before it on the margin. ScuteUmn with a deep central furrow and distinct, round punctures; basal frds black, with fine, yellow, appressed hairs; apical 3rd ochreous at the sides, and without hairs. Elytra smooth ; Clavus and Corium dull ochreous, with deep, round, black punctures, closely set together in rows, some of which, on the corium, form 2 long angles whose base is towards and near the posterior margin, the punctures some- times by their confluence forming lines or spots ; anterior margin of the Corhmi clear ochreous, with a brown line on its edge ; posterior margin clear, with a row of black punctures ; Membrane fuscous, the nerves, the base, a broad spot at the inner basal angle, and often spots between the nerves, whitish. Sternum black, with a white gloss or tinge, finely black-punctured. Legs with very fine, short, yellow hairs ; fulcra yellow-brown ; thighs black, apex with a yellow-brown ring ; tibice black or piceous, or the base only dark and the rest yellow-brown or reddish ; generally the 1st pair lighter than the others ; tarsi piceous or black, 1st joint more or less yellow-brown. Abdomen black ; on the underside densely clothed with fine yellow pubescence. Length, 2 — 2i lines. Not scarce in sandy places, under various plants, and also taken by sweeping. Weybridge and Dartford, Kent, August ; Bright- ham pton, Oxon., May (>S'. Stone); Hastings ( — . Somerville). Genus 8. — Trapezonotus, Fieb. Oval, or long-oval. Head convex, short, 5-sided, including tlie eyes not wider than the front of the pronotum ; Face ; central lobe prominent, longer than the RHYPAROCHROMIDiE. 191 side lobes. Antenna ; 1st 3 joints with fine, long, projecting Lairs, the 4th with short appressed hairs ; the 1st nearly cylindrical, about ^rd of its length projecting beyond the end of the face ; the 2nd and 3rd slightly clavate, the 2nd 2^ times as long as the 1st, the 3rd f tha the length of the 2nd ; the 4th long-fusiform, as long as the 2nd, base with a short petiole, ^i/es large, prominent behind. Ocelli distant. Host mm reaching the middle of the mesosternum. Thorax. — Pronotum short, trapeziform ; anterior margin nearly straight ; side margins very narrow, scarcely reflexed ; hinder angles obtuse, slightly thickened ; posterior margin in the middle slightly concave or bisinuate, at the ends produced over the base of the elytra ; disk slightly convex, flatter posteriorly. Scutellum large, longer than broad, triangular, slightly convex. Elytra ; CJamis de- flected to the corium, with 3 straight rows of contiguous distinct punctures, and sometimes other irregularly disposed punctures between the inner and the next row. Corium; anterior margin narrow, reflexed, 1st 3rd nearly straight, last 3rd curved in- wardly ; disk slightly convex, on the inner side with punctures disposed in rows, outwardly more irregularly punctured ; posterior margin nearly straight ; Memhrane with 5 nerves, the 1st 3 curved inwards, posteriorly divergent, the other 2, arising near to each other near the inner basal angle, curving outward, then inward, and then slightly divergent. Sternum ; Mesosternum in front compressed into a short middle keel ; from the middle to the end of the xyphus flat. Legs: thighs; 1st pair thick, short-fusiform, beneath with a broad flat channel, of which the inner and sometimes the outer edge is dentate; tibia-; 1st pair curved, widened inwardly at the apex, un- armed, except 1 or 2 apical spines ; 2ud and 3rd pairs more or less spinose ; tarsi long ; 1st joint of the 1st and 2nd pairs not so long as the 2nd and 3rd together, on the third pair much longer ; the 2nd on all the tarsi very short. Abdomen very convex beneath, depressed at the base. iSpecies 1. — Trapezonotus distinctus. Trapezonotus distixctus (Fied.), Bo^ig. and Scott, Eut. Aun. p. 145, fig. 4 (1863). Long-oval, black, dull ; 3rd joint of antennas, with a broad red ring; posterior portion of pronoticm, and the elytra, lutescent ; the latter with rows of confluent black punctures. 19.2 LYG^INA. Sead witli appressed yellowisla pile. AntenncB slender, black, with short prominent hairs ; 1st joint red at base and apex ; 3rd narrowly red at base, and a broad red ring in the middle ; 4th red at base. Eyes black. Ocelli red. 'Rostrum black, the junction of the joints red. Thorax. — Tronotum finely punctured, anteriorly with fine, ap- pressed hairs ; anterior margin in the middle, side margins and posterior margin lutescent ; disk dingy black, gradually on the posterior 3rd mixed with lutescent, and with larger punctures ; within the hinder angles a short, yellow streak. Scutellum black, finely punctured ; posteriorly with a long, narrow lutescent spot towards each side. Elytra lutescent ; Clavus with 5 rows of round, contiguous, black punctures, the 2nd and 3rd internal rows irregular and confluent ; Corium, with black punctures disposed somewhat in rows, leaving some clear spaces, but often confluent and forming black patches ; anterior margin clear, unpunctiired ; apex black ; Memhrane smoky brown, at the base clear white (except a round, black dot close to the cormm), the white colour spread out at the external angle into a small blotch, and at the internal angle into a large one ; just below the base, in the middle, between the nerves, three angulated black streaks ; nerves yellowish. Leys finely haired ; tliighs black, red at base and apex ; tibice red, slightly blackened at the apex ; the spines on the 2nd and 3rd pairs few and slender ; tarsi reddish, the last joint black. Underside black, with fine whitish pubescence. Length, 2\ lines. A single specimen, taken in the summer of 1861, at Ventnor, Isle of Wight, by Mr. G. Lewis. Species 2. — Trapezonotus agrestis. Pachymerus SYLVATicus, PuHz. F. G. 93, 16 (uou Fab.). Lyg^us ageestis, Fall. Hem. Suec. 55, 12 (1S29); Zett. lus. Lap. 2G3, 9 (1840). PACHyiiEEUs AGRESTIS, Scldll. Beitr. 70, 9, t. 6, fig. G (1829) ; HaJin, Wanz. i, 25, t. 4, fig. 15 (1831) ; E. Schf. Nom. Ent. i, 45 (1835). RnYrAKOCHROMUS AGRESTIS, Sahib. Geoc. Fen. 50, 4 (1845). Pachymerus (Pachymerus) agrestis, Flor, llliyu. Liv. i, 265, 20 (ISfiO). TRArEZONOTUS AGRESTIS, Fieb. Europ. Ilein. 191, 3 (1861) ; Slal, Vet. Akad. Forh. 220, 2 (1862). RHYPAROCHROMIDi^E. 193 Oval, slightly convex, black, dull ; pronotum ou the last 3rd and the elytra pale dusky ochreous, with black punctures ; antennce black, in the ^ the 1st joint yellow ; legs black ; in the ^ the 1st pair yellow, and the 2nd and 3rd pairs with the thicjlis more or less yellow at the base and upwards. Head with fine, appressed, yellowish hairs, and a few strong, pro- jecting black hairs ou each side of the central lobe of the face ; Crown smooth, sides and Face finely punctured. Antennce black, the base of the joints narrowly reddish ; in the ^ the 1st joint orange. Eyes brown or black. Ocelli black. Rostrum piceous ; the ends of the joints paler. Thorax. — Pronotum ; anterior margin rather longer than the width of the head, yellow-brown in the middle ; side margins yellow- ish, brown on the edge ; posterior margin concave across the scutel- lum, tlie ends produced roundly over the base of the clavus ; disk, first frds black, finely punctured and haired, the last 3rd pale, dull ochreous, smooth, with a black line on each side within the margin, and round irregularly-disposed black punctures, which, in the middle and near each hinder angle, are confluent and form spots. Scutellu/m finely punctured. Elytra ochreous, more or less obscured by the dark markings ; Clavus with 3 rows of large black punc- tures, and between the inner and next row a few others, irregu- larly disposed ; Corium ; anterior margin clear, unpunctured, brown on the edge ; disk with large round, black punctures, which, on the outer half, are irregularly disposed, on the inner half more in rows, often confluent, forming broad lines, the black colour also spreading out posteriorly and inwardly, and forming a large central rhomboidal blotch ; the punctures on the middle of the disk few and scattered ; posterior margin broadly black : Memhrane whitish, with a fuscous cloud between the nerves, or wholly fuscous ; margin and nerves white. Sternu7n dull black, finely crenate ; anterior margin of the Prosternum, posterior margin of the Metasternum, and a large spot at the base of each coxa, yellow. Legs ; end of the coxce and fulcra orange-yellow ; thighs very stout, with fine short hairs, beneath on the inner edge, several small spines and one larger beyond the middle ; in the ^ the 1st pair wholly orange, or with a black spot ; 2nd pair orange at base and apex, with a broad black spot or ring before the apex ; 3rd pair black, orange at the base and apex ; in the ? all the legs are black, the apex of the thighs orange ; tihiae ; 1st pair with fine 13 lUJ. LYGiEINA. hairs, and a few short spines beneath ; iu the (^ orange, rarely black at the base and apex ; 2nd and 3rd pairs with fine yellowish hairs and strong, projecting black spines ; tarsi black or piceons in both sexes. Abdo»ie7i]3eneskth, shining, delicately punctured, with fine yellow- ish appressed hairs ; genital segments, with a few projecting black hairs. Length, 1| — 21 lines. Common about London, under moss and leaves, nearly aU through the year ; Deal, May and August; Scarborough (T. Wilkinson). Ge?ius 9. — PiONOsoMUS, Fieb. Oval, rather flat ; outer margins of the liead, pronotum and corium fringed with stiff", projecting hairs. Head 5-sided, short, broader than long, convex ; Face ; side lobes broad ; cheek-plates narrow, long, covering the base of the rostrum. AntenncB short, thin, finely haired ; 1st joint stout, clavate, not reaching beyond the end of the face ; 2nd and 3rd slightly thickened to the apex, the 2nd more than twice the length of tlie 1st, 3rd nearly as long as the 2nd ; 4th fusiform, nearly as long as the 2nd, and slightly thicker. Fyes small. Bostrum reaching to the end of the mesosternum; 1st joint somewhat shorter than the head. Thorax. — Pronotum slightly trapeziform, in front wider than the head across the eyes ; anterior margin deeply concave ; sides nearly straight, the lateral margins narrow, on the 1st §rds horizontal, continued strongly round the anterior angles, posteriorly almost evanescent ; posterior margin concave ; disk, rather more than the first |rds convex, the posterior margin of the convexity rounded the rest of the disk flatter. Scutellmn large, equilaterally triangular. Eh/tra flatfish ; Memhrane with 4 nerves. Sternum ; Mesosternum flat, the middle with a sharp keel, and on each side of it posteriorly, extending to the obscure xyphus, a sharp ledge ; Metasternum rhomboidal, with an arched, sharp, middle keel. Legs; thighs 1st pair stout, unarmed ; tibice ; 1st pair with 3 small spines beneath; tarsi; Ist joint on the 1st and 2nd pairs as long as the 2nd and 3rd together, on the 3rd pair somewliat longer. RHYPAROCHROMID.E. 195 Species 1. — Pionosomus varius. Lyg-Eus varius, Wolff, Ic. Cira. 148, 142, t. 15, fig. 142 (1804). — BiMACULATUS, ZeU. Act. Holm. 73, 23 (1819) ; Fall. Hem. Suec. i, 58, 15 (1829). Pachymerus varitjs, ScJdll. Beitr. i, 78, 21, t. 6, fig. 12 (1829) ; HaJm, Wanz. i, 69, t. 10, fig. 42 (1831) ; U. Schf. Norn. Eut. 44 (1835). Pachymerus (Pachymerus) varius, Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 256, 15 (1860). Pionosomus varius, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 185, 93 (1861). Pterotmetus — Slal, Vet. Acad. Eorb. 216, 4 (1862). BJack, witli short, black, projecting hairs ; pronofum and elytra varied with yellowish. Head shining, finely, indistinctly punctured. Antennce black, 2ad joint, except the apex, brownish-yellow ; 3rd joint brownish in the middle. Rostrum pale piceous, the end black. Tliorax. — Rronotum ; disk, anterior portion shining, very finely, distinctly punctured, the hairs fewer and shorter in the middle than at the sides ; hinder portion without hairs, finely but closely punc- tured, and with two large approximate, yellowish spots in the middle ; posterior margin j^ellowish. Scntelliim very finely crenate-punctate, at the base almost smooth. JEli/fra ; Clavus and Corkim dingy light-brown, with short, stifi", erect black hairs, and black or brown punctures in rows ; on the outer half of the CoriiMn 3 black spots, the 1st near the base, small and indistinct ; the 2nd in the middle, large, sometimes divided into 2, which are long, transverse, and approximating ; the 3rd on and including the apex ; Membrane fuscous-brown, darkest in the middle, whitish posteriorly ; base with 2 almost conjoined, whitish spots. Slermaii dull, a fulvous spot at the base of each coxa ; Metasternutn indistinctly crenate, posterior margin fulvous. Xs^^rs short, stout; coxce outwardly fulvous ; thu/hs black or piceous, apex reddish ; tihice and tarsi brown red. Abdomen beneath, with fine whitish pubescence. Length, \\ — li line. In sandy places, under low plants. Specimens were in the collec- tion of the late Mr. Curtis, taken by him on the sand-hills near Sandwich, and Mr. Dale has kindly lent us a specimen which he received from Mr. Curtis. 190 TiYG^F.IXA. Genus 10. — Drymus, Ficb. Oval or elliptic. Head 5-sided, short, pointed ; base narrower than the front of the pronotum : Face ; central lobe prominent ; side lobes as long as the central lobe, compressed, pointed. Antenrue ; 1st joint not thick, i its length reaching beyond the end of the face ; 2nd twice as long as the 1st, gradnally clavate ; 3rd f ths as long as the 2nd, thick-fusiform ; 4th not longer than the 3rd, fusiform. Eyes small, semi-globose. Ocelli small, distant. Bostrum reaching to the 2nd pair of coxse, 2nd joint longest. Thorax. —PronoUi/m campanulate, narrower in front thanposteriorly, but close behind the anterior margin wider than the width of the head across the eyes ; anterior angles rounded ; sides concave or constricted in the middle ; side margins narrow, reflexed ; posterior margin slightly concave ; disk convex in front, flatter behind, gene- rally across the middle a depression, within the hinder angles raised into a callus. Scutellum triangular, with a wide, deep, transverse hollow in the centre. Elytra ; Corium outwardly and posteriorly convex, inwardly depressed, at the base rather wider than the pro- notum ; anterior margin rounded ; posterior margin straight ; nerves on the basal half prominent ; Membrane with 4 nerves, the two inner curved at the base, at first inwardly and then outwardly. Sternum ; Mesosternum transversely convex in front, with a pointed keel xyphus narrow ; ilf(°;'rts/er«?;?« small, rhomboidal, with a sharp keel Legs: thighs ; 1st pair not much thickened, fusiform; on the under side a channel, on the anterior edge of which is 1 small tooth tihice, 1st pair in the ^ , at the end somewhat bent, widened inter nally, with a channel on the side ; tarsi ; 1st joint on the 3rd pair much longer than on the 1st and 2nd. Species 1. — Drymus sylvaticus. Lyg^us sylvaticus, Fab. E. S. iv, 103, 98 (1791); S. R. 229, 12G (1803); Fall. Mon. Cim. 67,10 (1807); Hem. Suec. 59, 17 (1S29). RHYPAROCHROMID.E. 197 Pachymekus SYLVATicus, Schill. Beitr. SO, 34, t. 7, fig. 4 (1829) ; Hahn, Wanz. i, 221, t. 36, fig. 115 (1831) ; H.Schf. Norn. Ent. i, 45 (1835) ; Kolen. Mel. Ent. ii, 81, 50 (1845). Rhypakochkomus silvaticus. Sahib. Geoc. Een. 57, 5 (1848). Pachymekus (Pachymerus) silvaticus, Flur, Rliyn. Liv. i, 247, 10 (1860). Drymus silvaticus, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 179, 2 (1861). — — Slal. Vet. Akad. Eorh. 217, 1 (1862). El]i2)tic, dull, black. Eli/tra dirty ochreous-browii. Head black, finely punctured. A/iteiuue black, the last joint sometimes piceous. Eyes and Ocelli black. Rostrum piceous, 1st joint black. Thorax.— Fronotum wider than long, black, sometimes piceous posteriorly, with close, angulated punctures, finer in front than behind ; the callus smooth, piceous. ScuteUum black, punctured, the punctures finer and closer at the base. Eh/tra mostly as long as the abdomen ; Clavus ochreous obscured with brown, with 4 rows of strong, close punctures, the 2 central ones confluent ; Corium dirty ochreous-brown, with darker longitudinal shades ; finely black- punctured in rows ; on the inner nerve a long, thick, black streak, with a shorter pale one joined to its upper end, and a more or less obscure brown spot within the anterior margin ; anterior margin very slightly rounded, clear ochreous, with a brown line on the edge ; posterior margin brown or piceous ; Memlrane crenate, especially on the sides, fuscous ; nerves pale. Sternum black, finely punc- tured. Legs black ; tarsi piceous. Abdomen black ; beneath smooth, with fine^ short, yellow pubes- cence. Length, S 2^, ? U lines. Yar. — The average size rather larger, fvonoium more square, and the punctures stronger ; ehjtra rounder on the anterior margin, giving the insect a more oval form ; the colour deep chestnut or piceous-black. This form, first given to us by Mr. E. C. Rye, we at the time accounted a distinct species, which we proposed to call D. Eyeii ; but as Mor and Fieber hold it to be only a variety, we defer to their opinion. Elor says the pale examples have abbreviated wings, which, however, we do not find to be the case. In moss, at the roots of grass and under leaves, everywhere, throughout the year ; the var. not so common. 198 LYGiElNA. Sjjecies 2. — Drymus brunneus. Rhyparochromus bkunneus, Sahib. Geoc. Fen. 57, 6 (1848). Pachymerus — Bohem. Vet. Akad. Handl. 248 (1849). — PALLiDULUs, H. Schf. Wanz. ix, 213 (1850). Drymus kotatus, Fieb. Europ. Hera. 179, 3 (18C1). — BRUNNEUS, Stal. Vet. Akad. Porh. 217, 2 (] SG2). Oval, convex, black. Anfennce piceous ; end of the last joint yel- lowisli-brown ; elj/tra piceous, with a central pale spot. Head black, finely punctured. Antenncs piceous, witli fine, long, projecting hairs ; terminal half of the last joint yellowish-brown. Eyes black, piceous or red. Ocelli black. Bostnim brownish- yellow. Thorax. — Pronotum broad, longer than wide, but little broader behind than in front ; sides deeply contracted beyond the middle, side margins piceous ; disk, first *rds black or piceous-black, finely punctured ; last 3rd piceous, anteriorly sharply defined and de- pressed, sometimes as a transverse baud, with large, deep, angulated punctures ; the callus narrow, smooth. Scutellmn black, posteriorly piceous, finely punctured. Elytra; Clavus pitchy-brown (often in the middle and next the claval suture a pale streak), with 4 rows of punctures, the 2 middle ones being confluent at the base; Corium; anterior margin much rounded, at the base ochreous, but throughout with a brown line on the edge ; disk pitchy-browu, very convex, somewhat strongly and distantly punctured ; the lower 3rd of the inner nerve fuscous-black (the colour spreading outwardly), with a pale streak above it, often expanding outwardly into a pale ochreous spot : Membrane fuscous-black ; round the sides crenate ; base brown, outwardly yellowish, the colour expanding behind the ex- terior angle into a large spot, and at the inner angle into a small one ; nerves whitish, with an interrupted fuscous line down the centre of each ; within the anterior mai^gin the ground colour is darker, and being bounded by the 1st nerve, there appears to be a black spot margined with white. Sternum black, finely punctured. Leys ; thiyhs black, apex piceous, or entirely piceous ; tibicc almost nude, piceous-brown ; tarsi paler. RHYPAROCIIROMID.E, 199 Abdomen pitchy-black ; Connexivum piceous. Uuderside piceous, with fine yellowish pubescence. Length, 2f lines, Not rare, in moss, under leaves, &c., nearly all the year round. Species 3. — Drymus pilipes. Dry:mus pilipes, Fleb. Europ. Hem. 170, 1 (1S61). Elliptic, narrow, slightly shining, black ; elytra pitchy-brown ; an- tenncB pitchy-black ; tarsi witli long hairs. Head very finely punctured. Antennce pitchy-black, with fine projecting hairs ; 1st joint, base of all the others, and apex of the 4tb, paler. Eyes and Ocelli pitchy-black. Rostrum reddish-brown. Thorax. — Pronotum much longer than broad, subquadraugular, the sides being only a little and gradually contracted beyond the middle, and not much widened posteriorly ; anterior angles much rounded ; lateral and posterior margins piceous ; disk, first frds black, with very fine, shallow, distant punctures ; the central depression almost obso- lete ; last 3rd piceous, with strong, deep, angulated punctures ; the callus clear piceous. Sctitellum rather flat, black, and finely punc- tured, the transverse depression sometimes slight. Elytra; Clavus light pitchy-brown, with 4 rows of large contiguous punctures, the 2 middle rows indistinct ; claval suture depressed and darker ; Corium light pitchy-brown, finely punctured in rows ; anterior margin slightly rounded, ochreous-bro^\Ti, with a brown line on the edge ; posterior margin dark piceous ; disk with a dark-brown cloud on the 1st nerve posteriorly, the inner nerve on its lower \ blackish, with a short pale streak above ; Membrane somewhat abbreviated, fuscous- black, the inner basal angle brownish ; nerves dark, with lighter margins. Sternum black, shining, finely punctured. Leys; tluylis pitchy-black, apex piceous ; tihicB jjiceous, with long, projecting hairs ; tarsi paler. Abdomen black ; beneath shining, with fine yellowish pubescence. In the c? , according to Fieber, a streak on the clavus and the basal 3rd of the coinum are whitish, and the pale nerves of the latter are margined with rows of brown punctures. Length, ? 2 lines. Tliree sj)ecimens taken by Mr. E. C. Rye, in the spring, in moss, near Croydon, and two at Mickleham by Dr. Power. 200 lygtEINA. Genvs 11. — Troptsthetus, Fieb. Siib-elliptic, the sidea parallel. Head 5-sicled, short, convex ; central lobe prominent. Antennce stout, short, each joint of about the same thickness, and very thin at the base ; 1st joint half its length, reaching beyond the end of the face ; 2nd and 3rd clavate ; 2nd nearly twice as long as the 1st ; 8rd ^ths as long as the 2nd ; 4th slightly longer than the 3rd, not so long as the 2nd, fusiform. Eyes small, semiglobose. Ocelli dis- tant. i?c>sifr«??i reaching to the 2ud pair of coxae; 2nd joint longest, 4th short. Thorax. — Fronotum subtrapezoidal or carapanulate ; anterior margin slightly concave, longer than the width of the head across the eyes ; anterior angles rounded ; sides nearly parallel for the first |-rd*s, then suddenly divergent ; lateral margins very narrow ; pos- terior margin concave ; disk, first frds rather convex ; last Brd flatter, within the hinder angles raised into a strong callus. Scufellum large, triangular, flattened across the base and centre. Elytra ; Clavus deflected to the corium ; claval suture depressed ; Corium convex, anterior margin straight ; Ilemhrane very thin (often abbreviated) ; with 4 scarcely perceptible nerves, the two outer straight, the t'wo inner curved only at the base. Sternum ; Meso- sfernum convex, with a sharp central keel hindwardly depressed, in front strongly arched ; Metasternum rhomboidal, convex, with a sharp, cruciform keel. Legs : tliighs ; 1st pair greatly incrassated ; beneath angulated, and with a shallow channel on the apical half, on the inner side of which is a row of small teeth, and in the (^ also a strong, broad elevation ; tihice ; 1st pair bent, towards the apex widened internally (in the (^ more than in the ? ), and bidentate at the apex ; tarsi ; 1st joint on the 1st and 2nd pairs not longer than the 2nd and Brd, in the Brd pair as long. Species 1. — Tropistethus holosericeus. Pachymekus sabuleti, Ha/i/i, Wanz. ii, 120, t. GO, fig. 201 (1S34), noii Fall. HOLOSEKiCEUS, SclioUz, Avb. u. Vcrjiud. 19, 2 (1815). EHYPAROCHROMIDiE. 201 Pachymerus spinigerellus, Bohem. Vet. Akad. Forh. 57, 11 (1852). Tropistethus ochropterus, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 181 (1861). — uolosericeus, Stal, Vet. Akad. Torli. 217, 1 (1862). Black, dull ; clothed above and beneatli witli fine, yellow, subpro- minent hairs. Clavus and corkim deep ochreous, the latter posteriorly — and on the sides pitchy-black ; memirane shining, white, irrorated with dark atoms ; the base clear. Head finely punctured. Antennce black, clothed with subpromi- nent, yellow hairs ; base of each joint narrowly white, l^i/es and Ocelli black. Bostrum piceous, the junction of the joints yellowish. TJwracc. — Pronotmn finely punctured in front ; last 3rd with larger and more distinct punctures. Scutellum finely punctured, apex ochreous. Elytra; Clavus ochreous, with 3 rows of brown punctures, apex darker ; Corium deep ochreous, with somewhat strong, black or brown pvmctures in rows ; posteriorly and on the anterior and inner margins pitchy-blacl<, on the latter usually as an undefined spot ; centre indistinctly of the ground colour ; base unclouded ; Membrane white, irrorated with dark atoms ; base clear, at the inner angle ochreous (the texture of the membrane is so thin that the dark colour of tlie abdomen shows through, and until the membrane is raised its true colour is not seen). Sternum ; a spot at the outer side of the coxa3 yellowish ; coxce Kn^ fulcra rufous ; thighs piceous, apex rufous ; tiliw piceous, the base more or less rufous ; tarsi pale rufous, last joint piceous. Abdomen beneath shining, apex rufous. Length, 1\ line. Eare. In sandy places at the roots of grass. Ventnor, May, {G. Guy on) ; Seaton, S. Devon, January (Dr. Poicer). Genus 12. — Rhyparochuomus, Curt. Elliptic, the sides subparallel. Se«c? 5-sided, wide, convex ; Croion short ; i^ac^ triangular, central lobe long, prominent, sharply defined ; side lobes shorter, long- pointed. Antennce rather slender ; 1st joint strong, reaching ■Jrd of its length beyond the end of the face ; 2nd and 3rd slightly clavate, 2nd twice as long as the 1st, 3rd not so long as the 2nd ; 202 LYGiEINA. 4th a little longer than tlie 3rcl, fusiform. Eyes moderate, touching the pronotum. Ocelli very distant. Mostrum strong, reaching to the 2nd pair of coxsd ; 1st joint as long as the head; 2nd and 3rd longer, subequal ; 4th shorter than the 1st. Thorax. — Pronotuvi long, subtrapezoidal, campanulate, or sub- quadrangular, in front wider than the head across the eyes ; anterior angles squarely rounded ; sides constricted beyond the middle ; side margins very narrow ; hinder angles prominent, rounded ; posterior margin usually not much longer than the anterior, concave ; disk, first |rds convex, last 3rd flatter, raised within the hinder angles into a callus. Scutelhim large, long, triangular, deflected posteriorly. Elytra ; Clavus flat ; claval suture depressed ; Corium flat, convex posteriorly ; Memlra?ie with 5 nerves ; the 1st short, 2nd and 3rd slightly curved at the base, 4th and 5th bisinuate at the base. Sternum ; Mesosternum in front, with a short keel ending abruptly in a point ; hindwardly with a depression extending into the short xyphus ; Metastermim with a short, shai'p keel. Legs strong ; tliujlis ; 1st pair greatly incrassated, flattened beneath, with one large tooth beyond the middle, and two or three small ones between it and the apex ; t'lbice ; 1st pair bent at the base, thickened gradually to the apex, widened internally, and with a strong channel on the sides extending to the apex ; tarsi strong, 1st joint longer than the 2nd and 3rd, on the 3rd pair twice as long. Ahdomen. — 2nd segment beneath, prominent in the middle. Species 1. — Rhyparoohromus pilicornis. Pachymekus riLicoiiNis, Muls. Au. Soc. Liu. 99 (1S52). Black. Anteniice with long, projecting hairs ; 1st joint piceous. Pronotum long, subtrapezoidal. Corium piceous, outwardly paler ; memlrane piceous, with lighter shades ; nerves inter- ruptedly pale. Head finely punctured ; Face ; apex of the central lobe rufous. Antennce black, clothed with long projecting hairs ; 1st joint and lower part of the 2nd piceous. Eyes and Ocelli black. Bostrum yellowish. Thorax. — Pronotum very long, considerably widened posterioi'ly, so that the form is subtrapezoidal ; anterior portion finely, closely RHYPAROCHROMID.E. 203 punctured ; posterior portion with strong, distant punctures ; side margins and the callus piceous. Scutellnm depressed in the centre ; punctures distant, fine at the base, strong at the sides. Elytra; Claviis piceous, with 4 rows of moderate punctures, the two middle rows confluent ; Corium piceous, outwardly paler, with moderate punctures, finer on the posterior portion ; nerves strong and raised at the base, the 1st and the anterior margin pale piceous ; Membrane fuscous, with lighter shades, and a pale or yellowish spot at the outer and inner basal angles ; nerves interruptedly pale. Sternum with distant punctures ; posterior margin of the Metasternum rufous. Legs yellow-brown; lower portion of the thighs, inner side of the tibice, and last joint of the tarsi, piceous ; the tilice with fine, long hairs. Abdomen beneath smooth, apex rufous. Length, 2| lines. Eare. Two specimens taken by Mr. E. C. Eye, of which the locality is not recorded. Species 2. — Rhyparochromus chiragra. LvGiEUS CHinAGKA, Fab. E. S. iv, 168, 113 (1794) ; S. R. 223, lU (1S03) ; Fall. Hem. Suec. 58, 16 (1829) ; Zelt. Ins. Lap. 263, 10 (1840), Pachymekus cuiragka, Sc/iill. Beitr. i, 75, 16, t. 6, fig. 9 (1829) ; Raku, Wanz. i, 56, t. 9, fig. 34 (1S31); Burm. Handb. ii, 294, 2 (1835); H. Schf. Norn. Ent. i, 45 (1835); Panz. F. G. 122, 8; Eolen. Mel. Eat. ii, 82, 15 (1845). — TIBIALIS, Hahi, Wauz. i, 23, t. 4, fig. 14 (1831). Rhypakochromus chiragka, Sahib. Geoc. Fen. 63, 15 (1848). Pachymekus (Pachymehus) chiragea, Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 254, 14 (1860). Megalonotus chiragra, Fieb. Eiu-op. Hem. 182, 7 (1861) ; Slal, Vet. Akad. Forh. 216, 1 (1862). Black, dull, or slightly shining, clothed with long, appressed, yellow hairs ; the sides with long projecting hairs. Pronotum long, subquadrangular. Corium light brown, with a broad black band on the posterior margin, in which are 2 distinct ochreous spots. Thighs black ; tibice red-brown. Head finely punctured ; sides of the central lobe with strong, pro- 204 LYGiEINA. mineut hairs. Antennce black, the extreme base of all the joints yellowish ; 1st joint red at the apex ; 2nd, except the apex, red, the base sometimes black ; 3rd sometimes red ou the lower half; all the joints with long, projecting, black hairs, except on the red part of the 2nd, where they are red. Eyes and Ocelli black. Bostrum piceous. Thorax. — Pronotum long, subquadrangular, slightly contracted beyond the middle ; with long, distant punctnres, except on the first 3rd of the disk, where they are fine. Scutellum with large, deep punctures, which, on the sides, are somewhat in rows, finer on the middle. Elytra ; Clavus jmle brown, with 3 rows of deep black punctures ; Corium pale brown, with black punctures in rows, deep at the base, gradually finer posteriorly ; next the posterior margin a broad, inwardly indented black band, in which are 2 distinct ochreous spots ; often the band stretches up alongside the clavus, and forms a stellate blotch ; posterior mai'gin black, exce])t at the apex, which is ochreous ; Memhrane (generally abbreviated) fuscous, with a whitish spot at the outer and inner basal angles ; nerves ob- scurely whitish. Sternum punctured, and with fine whitish pubes- cence ; the punctures on the Prostermim large and deep, on the Meso- and Metasternum finer and crenate. Leys with long projecting hairs ; thiyhs black, base and apex red ; tibice red, apex generally piceous (sometimes the 2nd and 3rd pairs entirely piceous), with strong, distant, black spines ; the 1st pair spined on the underside only ; tarsi red, last joint piceous, or entirely piceous. Abdomen, beneath with longish, appressed, yellow pubescence. Length, If— 2i lines. Varies greatly in size and in the marking of the coriutn. A common species under leaves tnd at the roots of grass, in dry and sandy places, throughout the year. Sjjecies 3. — Rhyparochromus dilatatus. Pachymekus dilatatus, H. ScJif. Wanz. vi, 33, t. 192, fi,?. 591 (1842). — OBSCUKUS, Muls. An. Soc. Lin. 97 (1852). Megalonotus dilatatus, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 182, 6 (1861). Black, slightly shining, broad, thickly clothed, above and beneath, with Ijongish, appressed, yellow hairs. Pronottiin short, campa- nulate. Anterior margin of the corium and the claval suture RHYPAROCHROMID.E. 205 piceous ; the juuctiou of all the joints of the aniennce and taru yellowish. Head finely punctured. Aniennce with long projecting hairs. Eyes and Ocelli black. Rostrum piceous. Thorax. — Pronotum short, campanulate, widened posteriorly ; anterior portion f^omewhat finely, not closely, punctured ; posterior portion with large, long, deep punctures. Scutellum; base in the middle flattened and finely punctured, the rest with large, deep, distant punctures. Elytra ; Glavus with 3 rows of deep punctures ; apes rufo-piceous ; nerve and claval suture pale piceous ; Corium ; anterior margin piceous, disk with large punctures at the base and along the claval suture ; on the centre and posteriorly fine punctures ; nerves at the base pale brown-yellow ; Memhrane fuscous, the middle of the base black ; interior basal angle fulvous ; exterior basal angle with a white spot, one on the 2ud nerve beyond the base, and a larger one on the 3rd nerve (which, however, is often entirely white, with a large whitish spot at or near its extremity) ; 4th nerve white from the base for nearly 4- its length. Sternum with large, round, distant punctux'es. Legs; thighs with fine, appressed, yellowish hairs ; fulcra and apex yellowish ; tibice with longish, subprominent, yellowish hairs ; 2nd and 3rd pairs with fine, distant black spines on the inner side ; tarsi black, with strong rufous hairs beneath. Abdomen beneath delicately punctured ; the hairs lie perceptibly parallel to each other. Length, 2^—3 lines. Common under moss and among debris at Weybridge, in August and Sejjtember ; Addingtou Hills, August ; Stoneham, Hants, May. Species 4. RllYPAROCHROMUS PR^TEXTATUS. Pachy]meeus PKyETEXTATUS, H. Schf. Nom. Eut. i, 45 (18.35); "VYanz. iv, 12, t. 113, fig. 357 (1839). Rhvparochromus maculipennis, Curt. B. E. xiii, pi. 612 (1836). Pachymerus femoralis, Bohcm. Vet. Akad. Haudl. 249 (1849). Megalonotus PRiETEXTATTjs, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 181, 3 (1861) ; S/al. Vet. Akad. Forh. 217, 3 (1862). Black, shining, narrow, sides subparallel. Anterior -i- of the 1st and 2nd joints of the antenna yellow. Fronotum long, sub- 206 LYG^INA. quadrangular. Corium testaceous, posteriorly with a broad piceous band. Legs yellow ; fore thighs black. Head strongly punctured, and a deep fovea on the base next the eyes. Antenna; with fine projecting hairs ; anterior i of the 1st and 2nd joints yellow. JSges and Ocelli black. Eostrum piceous. Thorax. — Pronotwn long, subquadrangular, a little widened pos- teriorly ; anterior portion with strong distant punctures ; disk more finely punctured, the last 3rd with very strong, deep, angulated punctures. Scidellum ; side margins ochreous ; base in the middle finely punctured ; middle smooth, the rest with strong, deep, angu- lated punctu.res. Elytra ; Clavus testaceous, posteriorly piceous, with 3 rows of long, deep, distant punctures ; Corium testaceous, posterior 3rd piceous-black ; inwardly 2 rows of long, deep, distant punctures, outwardly finer punctured ; disk smooth ; Membrane on the base, along the suture, black ; the rest whitish, with a large, un- defined luniile ; or fuscous, with a large whitish spot, and pale next the base. Sternum strongly punctured. Legs finely haired ; thighs ; 1st pair black, fulcra and apex yellow ; 2nd and 3rd pairs yellow, sometimes with a brown spot ; tihice yellow, 2nd and 3rd pairs with a few projecting hairs ; tarsi yellow ; apex of the joints, especially the 3rd, sometimes brown. Abdomen beneath with fine, short, sparse hairs. Length, 2 — 2^ lines. In sandy places, among grass ; local. Deal, May and August ; Household Heath, near Norwich (Curtis). Species 5. — Rhyparochromus antennatus. Pachymeuus ANTENNATUs, Sc//ill. Beitr. 76, 18, t. 8, fig. 10 (1829); Ha/m, Waiiz. i. 58, t. 9, fig. 35 (1831); H. Schf. Nora. Ent. i, 44 (1835) ; Bohem. Vet. Akad. rorh. 55, 9 (1852). Rhypaeochromtjs antennatus, Sahib. Geoc. Fen. 64, 16 (1848). Pachymerus (Pachymerus) antennatus, Mor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 252, 13 (1860). Megalonottjs antennatus, Fieh. Eiirop. Hemp. 181, 1 (1861) ; Stat, Vet. Akad. Porli. 216, 2 (1862). Black, shining ; upper \ of the 1st joint of the antennce and tlie whole of the 2nd j^ellow ; fronotum campanulate, widest in front. Elytra piceous-black, outwardly piceous. Legs yellow. RHYPAROCHROMIDiE. 207 Head finely punctured. Antennce with close, projecting hairs ; 1st joint black on the lower \, anteriorly yellow ; 2nd yellow ; 3rd and 4th black. Eyes and OceUi black. Rosfnim yellowish, the end black. Thorax. — Pronohim campanulate, widest and very convex in front; smooth ; anterior portion with only a few fine distant punctures ; last 3rd with distant, deep, long punctures. Scutellum black ; apex piceous ; base finely punctured ; sides with deep large punctures. Elytra ; Clamis piceous, with 3 rows of large deep punctures ; nerves yellowish ; Corium pitchy black, outwardly piceous, or piceous with indistinct ochreous shades ; clothed with fine, short, suberect hairs ; on the inner side 2 or 3 rows of strong punctures, the rest of the disk smooth : Membrane (in all the English specimens we have seen abbreviated and piceous) " smoke-brown, the inner basal angle with a large white spot " (Fieher). Sternum with moderate distant punctures. Ze^s yellow ; tliiglis ; 1st pair piceous beneath; tarsi; end of the last joint brown. Abdomen beneath with fine yellow pubescence. Length, 2 J- lines. Scarce. Isle of Wight, May ( G. Lewis) . The following species, referred by Curtis to his genus Mliyparo- chromus, we are unable satisfactorily to identify, and therefore copy his description. Species 6. — Rhyparochuomus dimidiatus. Rhtpahochkomus dimidiatus, Curt. B. E. xiii, 612, 6 (1S36). Testaceous-ochre, thickly punctured ; antennce rather elongated and slender, head, thorax, scutel, and pectus, piceous, excepting the base of the thorax and" margin of the scutel ; membrane of elytra pale, with the edges and a spot on the middle fuscous. " Length, 21 lines. " August 16th, on rushes, Blackgang Chine, Isle of "Wig^ht." 208 LYG^INA. Genus 13. — Hypnophilus.* Narrow ; the sides parallel. Head 5-sid.ecl ; Face long, triangular ; side lobes short, triangular, acute. AntenncB slender, of moderate length ; 1st joint rather the stoutest, the apex reaches a little beyond the end of the face ; 2nd and 3rd slightly clavate, 2nd twice as long as the 1st ; 3rd and 4th each shorter than the 2nd, in length subequal ; 4th fusiform. Eyes semi-globose prominent. Ocelli very small, distant. Hostrum thin, reaching to the 2ud or 3rd pair of coxae; 1st joint as long as the head, 2nd longest. Thorax. — Pronotum sub quadrangular, at least as wide as the head across the eyes ; anterior angles rounded ; sides nearly straight, a little constricted at about -|-ths of the length ; side margins narrow ; posterior angles rather prominent, slightly rounded ; posterior margin concave ; disk anteriorly convex for about fths of the length, the rest flat, only a little thickened within the hinder angles. Scu- tellum large, triangular, slightly convex. Elytra; Claims and Coj'm77t flat ; Corium i the length of the abdomen ; anterior margin straight ; apex rounded ; Memirane rudimentary in English examples (according to Fieber and Flor, it is sometimes developed, and has 4 nerves). Sternum; 3Ietasternuiii in front prominent, with a sharp keel ; xyphus short or pointed. Leys ; thiyhs fusiform ; 1st pair iu- crassated, flattened beneath on the apical ^, unarmed ; tihice, 1st pair widened on the inner side to the apex ; tarsi ; 3rd joint on the 1st and 2nd pair as long as the 1st and 2nd together, on the 3rd pair much longer. Abdomen, very convex beneath ; Connexivum deep, almost vertical. Species 1. — Hypnophilus micropterus. Rhyparochkomus mickoptekus, Curt. B. E. xiii, G12, 2 (1836). Pachymerus HIRSUTULUS, Scholtz, Ai'b. u. Verand, 29 (1817). — GRACILIS, Bohem. Vet. Akad. Forh. 54, 6 (1852). — (Pachymerus) hemipterus, Flor, Rliyu. Liv. i, 261, 18 (1860). Macrodema hirsutul.\, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 180 & 388 (1861). * 'Yttvoc, a moss, and (piKot;, a lover. RHYPAROCHROMIDiE. 209 Black, shining; posterior portion of the pronotum, the clavus, and coi'inm, dull ochreous ; le^s black. Head convex, finely punctured, with a few long, erect, black hairs on the orbit of the eyes and the sides of the central lobe. Antennce black, with fine, short, subappressed hairs ; base of each joint narrowly red ; sometimes the middle of the 2nd broadly rufous. Eyes small, a little removed from the pronotum. 'Rostrum piceous. Thorax. — Pronotum finely, distantly punctured, finest on the disk, which is also finely crenate in front ; anterior portion very convex, and its junction with the posterior 4th sharply defined ; last 4th (except at the sides) more or less clearly ochreous, with black round punctures. Scutelliim finely punctured ; apex ochreous. Elytra ; Clavus and Corium flat, pale dull ochreous ; Corium more or less clouded posteriorly, and ordinarily with 2 undefined, brown or piceous spots, one on the first 3rd near the claval suture, the other posterior on the anterior margin ; anterior margin narrowly reflexed, mostly clear, with a brown line on the edge ; both Clavus and Corium with distinct rows of round black punctures, larger than on the pro- notum ; Membrane appears only as a whitish border to the corium. Sternmii finely punctured, more strongly on the anterior portion of the Prosternum ; Metasternum finely crenate, posterior margin ru- fous. Legs with fine yellowish hairs ; cox(e, fulcra, and base and end of the thiglis, rufous ; tihicB black or piceous ; base rufous ; beneath with fine spines in a row ; tarsi black or piceous. Abdomen beyond the corium uncovered, finely punctured ; un- derside finely punctured, and clothed with short, straight, yellowish pubescence, and on the posterior margin of the last abdominal seg- ment 2 or 3 projecting black hairs. Length, 11- line. Local. In moss among heath, from April to October. Coombe "Wood, Surrey ; Addington Hills ; Plumstead Common ; Weybridge ; Tunbridge AVells ; Heron Court, Hants {Curtis). Species 2. — Hypnophilus hemipteuus. Pachymekus HEMiriERUs, ScMlL Beitr. 77, 20, t. 6, fig. 11 (1829). — Staphylinieoemis, Ha/m, Wanz. i, 61, t. 9, fig. 37 (1831). — PALLiDiPENNis, H. Schf. Wanz. ix, 210 (1850). — ANGUSTULUS, Bohem. Vet. Akad. Forh. 56, 10 (1852). 14 210 LYGiEINA. Pachymerus (Pachymekus) oculatus, Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 257, IH (1860). IscHNOcoRis PALLiDiPENNis, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 180, 2 (1861). Pterotmetus hemiptekus, Stal, Vet. Akad. Porii. 215, 2 (1862). Black, slightly shining ; apical portion of the 1st and 2nd joints of the antennce yellow ; posterior 4th of the ][)ronotum., and the clavus and coniim, dull oohreous ; les;'r?, attached to the anterior margin of the metasternum is a longish, distinct, CYMID^. 233 somewhat mussel-shaped process, standing out sideways, having to- wards its outer end a strong depression or slit, — the orifice of the odoriferous organ. Legs strong; thighs thick beyond the middle, smaller at the base and end; tarsi ; 1st and 3rd joints long; in length subequal, the 3rd stoutest. Ahdovien above flat, beneath convex ; Connexivum deep, greatly reflexed. Underside, in the ? the centre of the 2nd segment is swollen, and posteriorly gives out a keel which extends across the 3rd. Genital segments after the same type as Cgmus, except that the 3rd is convex, and rounded at the end. Species 1. — Ischnorhynchus Reseda. Lyg.eus Reseda, Panz. F. G. 40, 20. — DiDYMtis, Zelt. Act. Holm. 71 (1819) ; Fall. Hem. Suec. 50, 4 (1829). Heterogasteu ResedjE, ScMll. Beitr. 80, t. 8, fig. 5 (1829); Burnt. Handb. ii, 292, 1 (1835); H.Schf. Norn. Eut. i, 46 (IS35). Cymus Eesed.e, Kolen. Mel. Eat. ii, 92, 64 (1845) ; Sahib. Geoc. Ten. 71, 1 (1848). — (Lyctus) EESED.E, Flor, Rhyn. Liv. i, 296, 4 (1860). IsciiNOKHYNCHUS DiDYMUS, Fieb. Europ. Hem. 199, 1 (1861). — Reseda, Stal, Vet. Akad. Forhand. 213, 1 (1862). Sead reddish, base narrowly black ; often with 2 black, pointed dashes enclosing the red ocelli. Antennce ; 1st joint black; 2nd ochreous-brown, base and apex black ; 3rd ochreous-brown, base black ; 4th black, apex piceous. Eyes pitchy black. JRostrum piceous, base ochreous beneath, Tliorax. — Fronotum strongly punctured, ochreous-red, the front oft^n piceous ; the anterior depressed portion posteriorly with a transverse, smooth, sometimes sinuate black line interrupted in the middle ; centre of the disk with a pale, longitudinal line ; posterior margin sometimes black. Scutellum lightly punctured, reddish, base pale and more strongly black-punctured. Elytra ; Clavus ochreous, with 2 rows of strong punctures, anterior margin reddish, apex piceous; Corium ochreous, very finely punctured ; anterior margin with a fine brown line along the edge ; inner margin red ; posterior margin reddish, externally with a fine brown line more or less distinct ; a 234 LYG^TNA. whitish spot near the base, a large spot at tlie end of the 1st uerve, and the apex piceous ; on tlie disk, below the middle, two piceous spots each one on a nerve ; tlie outer nerve usually brownish as far as the spot ; Membrane spotless. Sternum on the centre black, on the sides whitish, with strong distant black punctures ; on the Metas- ternum a distinct, large, oval, black spot ; posterior half of the seg- ment clear, creamy white ; the process at tlie base of the coxa; cream coloured, with the depression thereon dusky. Legs ; thighs red ; tibice reddish; tarsi ; 1st joint reddish, apex piceous; 2nd and 3rd black. Abdome7i above ; shining, basal half black, the junction of the seg- ments and tlie posterior segments entirely, red ; Connexivum red, with a broad, interrupted piceous band on the upper half. Under- side very finely and closely haired, black ; posterior segments more or less brown. Length, 2 lines. Not uncommon among heath, nearly throughout the year. Gnms 3. — Cymus, Ilahi. Elongate, narrow, sub-elliptic. Head short ; Crown rather convex, quadrangular ; sides a little widened in front, and ending in a short process, within which the an- tennae are deeply set ; Face short, curved in a line with the crown ; central lobe wide, obtuse ; side lobes narrow and short. Antennce as long as the head and pronotum ; 1st joint thick, reaching as far the end of the face, not \ so long as the 2nd ; 2nd and 3rd thin ; 4th shorter than the 3rd, fusiform. Eyes small, semi-globose, pro- minent. Ocelli rather nearer to the eyes than to each other. Rostrum reaching across the mesosternum ; basal joint as long as the head, and not in a channel. Thorax. — Pronotum long trapeziform ; anterior margin straight, a little raised ; hinder angles rounded, but prominent ; disk slightly depressed transversely just behind the anterior margin ; in the centre of the first half a short, slight keel ; posteriorly deflected to the pos- terior margin. Scutellum small, triangular, base depressed, centre raised, carinate. Mlytra wider and longer than the abdomen ; Corium with the nerves very fine ; Membrane wide, with 5 nerves, of which only the two inner ones {i.e. the 4th and 5th) arise at the CY.MID.E. 235 base ; their course is tit first straight and parallel ; they then turn suddeuly outwards for a short distance, and again resume their course to the posterior margin ; at tlie angle thus formed in the centre of the membrane, the otlier 3 nerves arise from a common point and radiate outwards. Sternum ; Mesosternum with a rounded rostral channel, which is also continued, but more narrowly, across the metastenium. Legs short ; thighs a little thicker in the middle ; tarsi ; last joint thickest, as long as the 1st. Abdomen beyond the 5th segment gradually narrower ; in the ^ the posterior margin of all the segments is straight ; in the ? , the 4th is from the connexivum inwards gradually shorter, so that in the centre it is just visible ; the 5th is similarly shortened, and in the centre passes under the 4th segment ; the 6th segment long, sloping flatly outwards from a ridge in the centre; the anterior and posterior margins parallel. Connexivum broad. Genital segments ; in the (J , beneath, 2 are visible, of which the 1st is only perceptible in the centre ; the 2nd much narrower than the last abdominal segment, but globose and prominent, forming a rounded end to the abdomen ; in the ? , above, 2 are visible ; beneath 3, deflected to the apex with a ridge down the centre ; the 1st placed in the centre of the angle of the last abdominal segment, is posteriorly angulated, and reaches over on the large convex 3rd segment which has a slight fissure in the centre, is posteriorly constricted at the sides and ends in an ob- tuse point ; the 2nd appears at the anterior margin of the 3rd as a narrow, long, angulated plate, of which the apex goes under the 1st. Species 1.- — Cymus clayiculus. Lyg^us claviculus, Fall. Moii. Cim. 64, 4 (1S07) ; Germ. F. Jus. Europ. X, t. 12 (1813). — Cauicis, Fall. Hem. Suec. 51, 5 (1829) ; Zett. lus. Lap. 2C4, 14 (1840). llETEiicGASTEii CLAVICULUS, SchUl. Bcitr. I, 90, t. 8, fig. G (1829) . Meyer, Stett. Ent. Zeit. ii, 89 (1841). CiJius — Hahn, YVanz, i, 77, t. 12, fig. 44 (1831) ; Burm. Haudb. ii, 292, 3 (1835) ; Am. et Serv. Hem. 259, 1 (1843) ; Rolen. Mel. Ent. ii, 91, 63 (1845) ; Sahib. Geoc. Fen. 72, 2 (1848) ; Fieb. Europ. Hera. 204, 3 (1861) ; Stal. Vet. Akad. Fork. 223, 2 (1862). — (CvMUs) CLAVICULUS, Flor, Rljju. Liv. i, 300, 6 (1860). 236 LTGiEINA. Sead reddish-ocbreous, sometimes darker iu front, strongly punc- tured. Antennce reddish or brownish-yellow, 2nd joint nearly \ shorter than the 3rd, the extreme end of the 3rd pitchy-black ; 4th black, with the base yellowish. Eyes black-brown. Ocelli con- colorous with the head. Rostrum ; 1st two joints yellowish beneath, their upper side and the other joints entirely piceoiis or black. Thorax. — Pronotum convex, slightly shining, strongly and thickly punctured ; anterior margin deep brown or black, the disk behind it, and also within the hinder angles, reddish, the remainder ochreous, sometimes with a greenish tinge ; central keel whitish. Scutellum red- dish ochreous, basal angles (and sometimes the entire base) pale, centre whitish. Elytra ; Clavus and Corium shining, punctured finer than the pronotum ; Clavus reddish-ochreous, inner margin pale ; Corium ochreous